The effects of intake modification on a Ramjet engine
A ramjet intake design analysis. Supersonic and hypersonic flights often make use of a ramjet engine during the cruise phase of the flight. The design of the intake affects important variables of the ramjet engine, namely Mach number distribution, formation of shocks and pressure distribution. Analysis of a normal intake design provides lower than optimal pressure to the combustion chamber. A geometric dimension modification on the intake, i.e. lengthening of the nosecone significantly improves the resultant pressure in the combustion chamber. Flow speed or the Mach number in the combustion chamber is also reduced. Over lengthening the nosecone could require infeasible initial flow speed; very high Mach number.
Introduction
The Ramjet engine is of significant importance due to the role that it played in the past and its potential in the future. In the past, it has been mostly used in missiles, Zaehringer & Whitfield (2004) with some applications in aircraft technology, Brossier et al. (1994). Its simplicity, having no moving parts, makes it a very attractive topic to be studied upon. Essentially, a typical ramjet engine can be divided into sections of inlet, burner and nozzle. The engine uses its high speed to compress the air which flows through the intake; the ramming effect. The ram air is then used to burn a fuel, Zaehringer & Whitfield (2004). The exhaust from the combustion then passes through a nozzle which accelerates the flow. Since the exit velocity is greater than the free stream velocity, thrust is produced Benson, (2006)
The major limiting factor is the speed requirement for the functioning of the ramjet. The ramjet will only provide thrust at speeds a...
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...Another way to decrease the disturbance over the wings are to move the wings lower than the horizontal stabilizer or visa versa to allow the shock waves moving over each wing to miss each other. Most aircraft today do not have enough fuel to maintain the speed of sound for great distances. Engineers have designed a brand new aircraft known as the F-22, which has the ability to fly an entire mission at supersonic speeds. The speed of light is unattainable by aircraft due to drag. We have no materials that could with stand the heat caused by the friction of the air moving over its body, nor materials strong enough to be able to take the enormous drag. Today there is no thrust capability that would allow for the speed of light. Although aircraft has proved such things as time dilation it is still impossible for an aircraft to travel at 900,000 miles per second.
Major Ted Tolman’s F-105 Thud fighter/bomber streaked through the air at just under the speed of sound. His aircraft performed modestly at best, struggling to maintain its speed and altitude under the heavy load of ordinance and fuel it carried under its wings (Patrick).
Whereby, early magnetic coolers were used to achieve extreme cryogenic temperatures [11]. This magnetic cycle is equivalent to the Carnot cycle for vapor compression systems, shown in Fig.(1.8).
The piston is pushed upward by the flywheel's momentum, compressing the air/fuel mix. 3. Combustion: As the piston reaches the top of its stroke or TDC, the spark plug fires, igniting the mixture. Due to the high compression of this mixture, it is very volatile and it explodes when the spark is introduced. This pushes the piston downward and produces power.
Before going deep into the problem, it is important to have an overview at the history of supersonic flight. Supersonic transport or SST came into development soon after World War II. During the 50s’, there were four nations competing in this new industry: France, Britain, American, and the Soviet Union. However, there were only 3 sides in this competition as Britain and France agreed on a joint development program (Drake & Purvis, 2001, p.3). The France and Britain collaboration resulted in the legendary Concorde, the name that everyone always mention when talking about supersonic transport. In the far-east, the Soviet Union worked on a similar design to the Concorde, called TU-144. In 1968, the TU-144 had its first flight on 31 December, one year earlier than the Concorde. Meanwhile in the United Stat...
Simberg, R. 28 March 2012 What Ion Propulsion Means for Boeing- And Our Future in Space
Following World War II and the jet engine technology that emerged largely toward its end, aerospace engineers knew well that the technology had great potential for use in the commercial aviation industry. The Comet was the first aircraft to utilize jet propulsion; however, its designers failed to consider the metallurgy of the aircraft’s materials under flight conditions or the consequences of their atypical window design. The aircraft was designed by Britain’s De Havilland Aircraft Company and entered service in May 1952. After a year of service, however, the design issues mentioned above resulted in the failure of several Comet aircraft. Extensive evaluations revealed that repeated pressurization stress on the aircraft’s main cabin had caused its structure to fail.
Many people are amazed with the flight of an object, especially one the size of an airplane, but they do not realize how much physics plays a role in this amazing incident. There are many different ways in which physics aids the flight of an aircraft. In the following few paragraphs some of the many ways will be described so that you, the reader, will realize physics at work in the world of flight.
In this paper you will learn so much about rockets you can become a rocket specialist. Many may ask how do rockets work? Many will respond that they are pushed against something but that is wrong. Since rocket's main purpose are to travel in space where there is nothing, not even air they can not rely on “something” to push themselves against in space. This is the right answer to how rockets work; Rockets use fuel, they burn the fuel and it turns into hot gas.
The world today requires multiple ways of transport, especially over the Atlantic Ocean. During and before the 1900’s, transatlantic travels were very common and are mainly carried out via boats. However, due to the revolutionary change by the Wright brothers, in 1903, the creation of the propeller planes made shorter travel time between one country to another possible. As technology develops, the transportation of cargo and passengers via airplanes became easier and more efficient with the replacement of jet engines in July 16, 1949, by the famous inventor Frank Whittle (FindtheData, n.d.). The principles behind how a jet-engine powered aircraft works associate with many laws of physics, from Newton’s Law of Inertia to the Third Law of Motion. These laws are also applicable to the aerofoil and the engines aerodynamically, in particular with the four forces: lift, drag, weight and thrust which allows an aircraft to maneuver across the skies.
On a more scientific note I am interested in mechanics of fluids. This interest was enforced last year when I had the opportunity to attend a lecture on fluid mechanics at P&G. At the conference I greatly expanded my knowledge regarding the physical aspect of fluids and their properties. In last year's AS course we have met a topic in this field. I will be applying ideas and knowledge gathered from last year for this investigation.
Cengel, Y. A., & Boles, M. A. (2011). Thermodynamics: An engineering approach (7th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.¬¬¬¬
(Morgan 67). When the jet engine was thought of back in the 1920's the world
" NASA's Supersonic Passenger Planes of the Future: Coming in 2025? N.p., 16 Nov. 2013. Web. The Web. The Web. 30 Nov. 2013.
A in November 1962, the British and French governments agreed to develop and build a supersonic aircraft. Each design presents an aerodynamic supersonic aircraft with a range of difficult problems, including two that have the highest interest powerplant installation and design of subsonic aircraft. supersonic speed because it is there are many configuration changes have been introduced, particularly in the areas of the nose and visor, rear wing and fuselage. the head of...