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The effects of abuse on children's development
The effect of child abuse on emotional development
How abuse affects child development
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Recommended: The effects of abuse on children's development
The Effect of Child Abuse on the Emotional Development of the Infant to Five Years Old in the United States
A Review of the Literature
Child abuse is one of the most serious issues in the United States today. Child abuse is the physical, emotional/ psychological or sexual maltreatment of a minor. Neglecting a child is another type of abuse, and includes malnutrition, abandonment, and/or inadequate care of a child’s safety. Additionally, any neglectful act can lead to physical or emotional harm and in some cases death of a child. Unfortunately, young children are the most vulnerable population to child abuse. Statistics indicate that victims in their first year of life had the highest rate of victimization at 21.9 per 1,000 children of the same age in the national population (United State Children’s Bureau, 2013). Additionally, the victimization was highest for children younger than one year 21.9 at per 1,000 children in the population of the same age (United State Children’s Bureau, 2013). Although, the rate of substantiated child abuse and neglect for children ages 13 months through three years old has slightly decreased from 2008 to 2012, the rate of victimization of children younger than age three continues to be of concern (United State Children’s Bureau, 2013). Moreover, 78.3 percent of victims were neglected, 18.3 percent were physically abused, and 9.3 percent were sexually abused (United State Children’s Bureau, 2013). Furthermore, evidence suggests that the main type of abuse that young children experience is neglect. Child abuse has always existed in society and is a major problem in this country that cannot be ignored. Unfortunately, child brutality brings a variety of consequences in a child’s life and affects every...
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...onal maltreatment on the emerging
attachment system and later intimate relationships. Journal of Aggression,
Maltreatment & Trauma, 19(1), 1-4. doi:10.1080/10926770903486007
Shapero, B., Black, S., Liu, R., Klugman, J., Bender, R., Abramson, L., & Alloy, L.
(2014). Stressful life events and depression symptoms: The effect of childhood
emotional abuse on stress reactivity. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 70(3), 209-223. doi:10.1002/jclp.22011
Slep, A. M. S., Heyman, R. E., & Snarr, J. D. (2011). Child emotional aggression and
abuse: Definitions and prevalence. Child Abuse & Neglect, 35(10), 783.
Valentino, K., Toth, S. L., Rogosch, F. A., & Cicchetti, D. (2011). Mother-child
play and maltreatment: A longitudinal analysis of emerging social behavior from infancy to toddlerhood. Developmental Psychology, 47(5), 1280-1294. doi:10.1037/a0024459
Twardosz, S., & Lutzker, J. R. (2010). Child maltreatment and the developing brain: A review of neuroscience perspectives. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 15(1), 59-68.
Child abuse in general is quite complex and at the same time one of the most challenging social issue facing people all around the USA. Child abuse cases have been recorded in all the states of the USA. The cases occur in all areas be it cities, small towns, suburbs, and even in rural areas. The vice also happens in all types of families regardless of the ethnic origin of the family or the even family income (UNICEF, 2015). It is thus important that effort is put into reducing cases of child abuse.
For our evidence based practice project, we chose the topic of child maltreatment. We wondered if child maltreatment affects the growth and development of school-age children. “The broad term child maltreatment includes intentional physical abuse or neglect, emotional abuse and neglect, and sexual abuse of children, usually by adults” (Perry, Hockenberry, Lowdermilk & Wilson, 2010, p. 1066). Child Protective Services agencies in the United States estimated that there were 900,000 children who were victims of child maltreatment in 2005. Of these confirmed cases, 17% were victims of physical abuse, 9% were victims of sexual abuse, 63% were victims of neglect, and 7% were victims of emotional abuse. The 2006 estimates indicated that about 1530 children died as a result of maltreatment (Perry, Hockenberry, Lowdermilk & Wilson, 2010, p. 1066). We hypothesized that child maltreatment does adversely affect the growth and development of school-age children.
Teisl, M., & Cicchetti, D. (2008). Physical abuse, cognitive and emotional processes, and aggressive/disruptive behavior problems. Social Development, 17, 1-23.
Children often learn by observing others and normally while growing up, they all have someone that they look up to. They are normally seen to be innocent at a young age when they do not know any better. But there are many of cases in which children do not have the luxury of being with people that love them and treat them right. In most cases, children get abused and neglected by their parents and/or guardians, urging for Child protective services to step in and save the child. Child maltreatment includes child abuse and child neglect and is a major problem in the United States. The National Bureau of Economic Research states that “Over a million children are victims of maltreatment annually” (Currie & Tekin 2006). Child maltreatment could lead a child down a path of delinquency and more should be done to stop this from happening, and providing better opportunities for children that
Neglect in children is harder to detect than that of child abuse. Neglect is more emotional than physical abuse. Although there may be no visible harm a child could be screaming for help. The earlier abused children get help, the greater chance they have to heal and break the cycle—rather than perpetuate it. By learning about common signs of abuse and what you can do to .intervene, you can make a huge difference in a child’s life.Common signs include clothing that doesn’t fit, poor hygiene ,untreated illness or wounds and leaving child unsupervised in unsafe area. Other forms of child neglect are allowing child to be present during violence between parents, ignoring insu...
Grotpeter, J. K., & Crick, N. R. (1996). Relational aggression, overt aggression, and friendship. Child Development, 67, 2328-2338.
Loeber, Rolf. “Key issues in the devlipment of aggression and violence from childhood to early adulthood.” Annual Review of Psychology. 48 (1997): 371-410. Proquest. Web. 7 February 2012.
Studies have shown that almost 21% of families have experienced child-to-parent physical aggression and 65% have experienced child-to-parent psychological aggression. There has been mixed results on the correlation between the aggression and the gender of the children. Some of the important predictors of child aggression are due to an exposure to violence in other forms. These forms include witnessing aggression between parents and experiencing aggression towards them or other children from the parents. Two different parenting styles have also been associated with an
Child maltreatment can affect any child, usually aged 0-18, and it occurs across socioeconomic, religious, ethnic or even educational backgrounds. Arguably, child abuse and neglect is a violation of basic human rights of a child resulting from social, familial, psychological and economic factors (Kiran, 2011). Familial factors include lack of support, poverty, single parenthood, and domestic violence among others, (McCoy and Keen, 2009). The common types of child maltreatment include physical abuse, emotional maltreatment, neglect, and sexual abuse among others. Abuse and neglect can lead to a variety of impacts on children and young people such as physical, behavioral as well as psychological consequences which will affect the development and growth of the child either positively or negatively based on the environment and agency. More so, emotional, cognitive and physical developmental impacts from child neglect in the early stages of childhood can be carried on into adulthood. Research findings reveal that the experience of maltreatment can cause major long-term consequences on all aspects of a child’s health, growth as well as intellectual development and mental wellbeing, and these effects can impair their functioning as adults. Commonly, the act of abuse/ or neglect toward a child affects the child’s physical, behavioral development and growth, which can be positive or negative, depending on the child’s environment and agency. Another way to understand how the act has affected the child is to look at the child for who they are, and interviewing and observing their behaviors of their everyday life.
Child abuse is a social problem in America that has many contributed factors. Factors that contribute to child abuse and neglect includes poverty, divorce, substance use, lack of education, stress due to unemployment, mental health issues, teenage parent, and a history of child abuse in the family. It took decades for physicians to conclude that parents have been violently assaulting their children. Child abuse, child labor, juvenile delinquency, and similar social questions historically were ethical and moral problems, not strictly medical ones. (Helfer, Kempe, & Krugman, 1997). In 1962, the Journal of American Medical Association published “The Battered-Child Syndrome.” The article transformed society’s views and dates the rediscovery of child abuse as a social problem. Following this article, the U.S. Children’s Bureau adopted the first laws mandating physicians to report any suspicions of abuse and neglect to the police or child welfare. By 1974, some 60,000 cases were reported. In 1980, the number exceeded one million (Myers J. E., 2004).
Emotional abuse can be understood as the “failure to provide children with an emotional environment conducive to adequate psychological, developmental and physical progress to ac...
Shechtman, Z. (2000). An innovative intervention for treatment of child and adolescent aggression: An outcome study. Psychology In The Schools, 37(2), 157--167.
Child abuse has been defined as, any intentional act that results in physical or emotional harm to a child. This could cover any behavior from assault, to neglect, to molestation. (Encarta 1) In 1995, a study was done by the National Center on Child Abuse & Neglect. They concluded that in the United States alone, approximately 3 million children are victims of some sort of maltreatment each year. This means that an unimaginable amount of our county’s adolescents are being seriously mistreated, and the numbers are rising steadily. While the specific definition of child abuse may differ from state to state, the effects unfortunately do not. Physical maltreatment, neglect and sexual abuse create immediate problems for children, as well as long term damage. Some common effects on sufferers of abuse include, a lowered sense of self worth, an inability to relate to others, short attention span and often they develop learning disorders. More detrimental cases can develop severe depression or anxiety, schizophrenia, violent behavior and an increased risk of suicide. (Encarta 3) In some cases, abused children learn how to cope with their experiences and grow to healthy adults, but most are not that lucky. Most victims of abuse are forced to deal with the results for their entire lives.
Deater-Deckard, K., (2008). Editorial: New Perspectives on Aggression. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49 (4), 357-358