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Longitudinal study on dyslexia
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Dyslexia is a learning disability that affects reading, writing, spelling, and sometimes speaking in children. Dyslexia is known as one of the common disabilities in children. Dyslexia can be mild or severe, every child diagnosed with dyslexia is different in some ways. Treatment for dyslexia should be introduced as early as possible for best results, however, it is never too late for improvement. (Bucciarell & Rais, 2008)
Dyslexia can be inherited through a person’s family or it can be caused by the way the brain has developed during pregnancy and early childhood. The only risk factor known of developing dyslexia is if someone in the family has been diagnosed, as it can be genetic. (Bucciarell & Rais, 2008)
Symptoms of dyslexia include: difficulty learning to speak, difficulty reading and writing at grade level appropriate for age, difficulty organizing written and spoken language, difficulty learning letters and their sounds, difficulty learning number facts, spelling difficulties, difficulty with learning a foreign language, and problems with doing math problems correctly. (Bucciarell & Rais, 2008)
To diagnose dyslexia a physician will examine the child and ask for a history of symptoms related to dyslexia and a complete medical history. The physician will determine if the child is dyslexic and if so will refer the child to a learning specialist or child psychologist for further testing. The tests the child may be asked to complete by the specialist include: Cognitive processing tests that measure thinking ability, IQ test that will measure the child’s intellectual functioning, and Tests to measure speaking, reading, spelling, and writing abilities. (Bucciarell & Rais, 2008)
After a diagnosis of dyslexia is confir...
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Gardner, A. (2005, October 28). Researchers May Have Discovered Dyslexia Gene. HealthDay Reporter, 1. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com/nrc/detail?vid=4&hid=6&sid=9451972b-41e4-467e-8d0f-1e8405860b4c%40sessionmgr112&bdata=JnNpdGU9bnJjLWxpdmU%3d#db=nrcn&AN=NRCN528796
Information and Resources for Hernando County. (n.d.). Central Florida Parent Center. Retrieved November 22, 2009, from http://www.cflparents.org/infobylocation/CentralFlorida/HernandoCountyResources.htm
Knowledge Deficit. (2007, March 10). RNCentral.com. Retrieved November 22, 2009, from http://www.rncentral.com/nursing-library/careplans/kd
Rees, J. (2004, May 13). Article: Hope of cure for dyslexia.(News). HighBeam Research, 1. Abstract retrieved from http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-116517089.html
Next, we need to tackle the many misconceptions associated with dyslexia. Many people acquaint having a learning disability as having a disease. This is completely false, dyslexia is not a disease, and therefore there is no magic pill that can cure it. Actually, there is no cure and it cannot be outgrown. According to the journey into dyslexia, “it is a lifelong issue.” However, it is manageable with the assistance and resources, those with dyslexia can continue to keep up and retain their grade level in
Robert Buck once said, “If children can’t learn the way we teach, then we have to teach the way they learn.” The Wilson Language Program has become disclosed to amplify this mentality. Dyslexia is a common disease among ten to fifteen percent of the United States, where a human being has trouble in learning to read or interpret words, letters, and other symbols. Programs are reaching out to try to terminate as much distress of dyslexia as possible. Up and coming programs, The Wilson Language Program for example, are making their best efforts to start working with children from a young age with the slight signs of this common problem. Catching dyslexia earlier in life brings more assurance that the child’s future will have little to no setbacks or disadvantages for success. In order to enhance the regressive literacy of dyslexic individuals, the Wilson Language Program is progressively being implemented into regular schooling to ensure that reading standards are met, through structure, hours of research, copious practice, and strong evidence.
Doctor Morgan of Sussex, England, published the first case of what is now known as dyslexia in 1896. Dr. Morgan wrote about Percy F, a 14-year-old boy who was intelligent, bright, quick with learning games, and the intellectual equal of his peers. He fell behind, however, in his inability to learn how to read. Today, as in 1896, most people associate intelligence with the ability to read, but Percy F and the experience of millions of people with dyslexia breaks down the relationship between reading and intelligence (1). But, researchers were left with the question, "What causes dyslexia if intelligence is not the marker?
Dyslexia has been a commonly known problem in the Unites States. Even though, dyslexia is a mental problem that causes disabilities in reading, most people do not know the truth about it. There have been movies where a person with dyslexia sees letters moving around, yet people with dyslexia do not have disabilities like moving letters around. The truth is that there are plenty of misconceptions. The myths going around of what dyslexia supposedly is, is not the truth. These myths are just misconceptions and the truths about dyslexia are more complex than what it seems like. Dyslexics have different learning processes and different ways of handling the problems at hand.
It has been proven that if one parent has Dyslexia their children will have a fifty percent chance of getting Dyslexia. While if there are two parents with Dyslexia their student or students will have a one hundred percent chance of getting Dyslexia. So if one student has Dyslexia, the other students should be tested as well. Theirs might not be as severe, but Dyslexia could still be there and it could affect them later in life. Dyslexia can be different for everyone with Dyslexia. Everyone should realise that if you have two kids with Dyslexia one could be very smart at computers while the other student can’t even type, but they are very great at something else. Dyslexia affects their brains differently than others as well. Some parts of the brain could “light up” and work while with someone else's brain the same part won’t “light up” as “bright” or not at all (Dyslexia
This is a subject and disorder near and dear to my heart. My personal experience with dyslexia, with myself and my daughter, has given me great insight into what dyslexia is, what the signs are, and how soon you can detect the potential for problems. It is not always the case that dyslexia is the sole source of reading and reading comprehension difficulties, there are other disorders that can exist at the same time, and this is important to know in order to help students improve their reading abilities. But, dyslexia will not only affect reading abilities and reading comprehension. It can affect writing, spelling, math, memory, listing comprehension, self-esteem, social skills, the ability to understand sarcasm, understanding spatial concepts,
Dyslexia is one of the most common neurobehavioral disorders that haunt adolescents throughout their childhood. Commonly known as a reading disability (RD), dyslexia is a hereditary complex trait that occurs in five to seventeen percent of people. Neuroimaging studies show that dyslexic individuals display abnormal brain function compared to fluent readers when challenged with reading assignments (7). The exact genes that code for dyslexia are not certain, however substantial studies have potentially linked dyslexia to the KIAA0319 gene, the DCDC2 gene, and the DYX1 gene. The severity of each case is largely determined by environmental factors such exposure to reading and professional intervention. Significantly, the interplay between these external influences and innate genetic characteristics ultimately determine the performance of the dyslexic individual.
There are various symptoms that help identify dyslexia; such as poor reading and spelling abilities, switching the directions of letters in words, and problems building short-term memory (Thomson, 2009). There are many other sym...
Goldish, Meish. Everything You Need to Know About Dyslexia. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc., 1998.
“The Extraordinary Characteristics of Dyslexia” by Jake Horner is a definition essay on what it means to be dyslexic. He incorporates his own life story to support his definition and his ideas in his essay. Dyslexia is looked upon as a disability that should be treated even though dyslexia has to do with the way your brain processes the information given to you. Horner includes two types of thinkers, spatial and linear. Spatial thinkers are the dyslexic people in the world, and linear thinkers are the non-dyslexic people in the world (Horner 493). As I read this essay, it made me reflect.
The long disputed debate about the primary cause of dyslexia is still very much alive in the field of psychology. Dyslexia is commonly characterized as a reading and writing impairment that affects around 5% of the global population. The disorder has frequently been hypothesized to be the result of various sensory malfunctions. For over a decade, studies have made major contributions to the disorder's etiology; however, scientists are still unclear of its specific causal. Initially, dyslexia was thought to be a reading disorder in children and adults (1). Later it was suggested to consist of both a visual and writing component, therefore characterizing it as more of a learning disability which affected people of normal intelligence's ability to perform to their fullest potential (5). In the current research, cognitive and biological perspectives have often been developed independently of one another failing to recognize their respective positions within the disorder's etiology.
The most common learning disability in children does not affect only one aspect of their lives, but alters nearly every measure. Dyslexia inhibits one 's ability to read, write, and spell. About 5 to 20 percent of children attending school have some sort of a disability involved with reading. When thinking of a condition that contains no cure, such as dyslexia, you may imagine a lifetime of complications and difficulties; although, dyslexia does not damage a person’s ability to learn, it merely forces them to grasp ideas and think in their own original way. Multiple obstacles can potentially arise, but successfulness and intelligence tends to prevail, and has in multiple situations. Numerous well known people have personally suffered through
Dyslexia is now a widely accepted condition that is prevalent in many classrooms. However, defining dyslexia is difficult as it can be described as a continuum. Although experts largely agree that dyslexia is identifiable as a developmental difficulty of language learning and cognition (Rose, 2009). Dyslexia can pose a host of difficulties for the child and can make daily activities and school life very challenging. The NCLD (2013) states children with dyslexia may have difficulties with ‘accurate and fluent spelling, accurate and fluent written expression, phonological awareness, memory, verbal processing speed and information processing.’ As teachers it is vital that we are aware of the underlying difficulties as the child’s consistent underachievement can appear on the surface as carelessness and lack of effort (Hodge, 2000). Dyslexia is not only about literacy, although weaknesses in literacy are often the most visible sign, it effects all areas of learning as the ability to read and write sufficiently permeates all areas of learning within the curriculum. ‘Dyslexia occurs across the range of intellectual abilities’ however, the difficulties posed by having dyslexia can affect a child’s ability to learn (Rose, 2009). Every child has the right to succeed and so the teacher must strive to provide the key for learning and implement effective interventions which develop the child’s literacy skills and help them reach their full potential (DCSF, 2007; DfES, 2004).
Many students struggle with learning disabilities. Two common disabilities are Dyslexia and Dysgraphia. “According to the latest dyslexia research from the National Institutes of Health, Dyslexia affects 20 percent of Americans” (“What is Dyslexia?”) Dysgraphia is difficulty with writing that sometimes accompanies Dyslexia. Students that have Dyslexia and Dysgraphia will struggle with vocabulary, grammar, and punctuation, but there is help.
These dyslexia therapies include, as described by Leona Bull (2009), “nutritional supplementation or special diets, chiropractic and osteopathic manipulation, homeopathy, herbal remedies , aromatherapy, acupuncture and acupressure massage, reflexology, sensory (auditory) integration therapy , spiritual/distant/faith healing, exercise and reflex therapies, Bach flower remedies, counselling — biofeedback, hypnotherapy and neuro-linguistic programming” (p. 230). Many of these alternative therapy options are well suited to the field of occupational therapy and provide a variety of options so that treatment plans can be personalized to the specific needs and struggles of the patient or