Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
revision of the theory of dreams
revision of the theory of dreams
dream analysis psychodynamic theory
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: revision of the theory of dreams
The average person spends over one-third of their life sleeping, and over this period of time he or she can have over 1,825 dreams (Wicklinski). By definition, dreams are mental images, thoughts, or emotions that are experienced while sleeping. In the beginning, dreams were thought to be messages sent from the gods or spirit world. Researchers now have many theories explaining why people dream. Many of these theories explain that dreams can resemble an individual’s sensory experiences or even secret wishes. All people dream, but only 42% of people can recall their dreams from the night before (“Dreams”). The study of dreams is a topic that is constantly being debated by researchers for many reasons. Dreaming is important because it can impact people’s health, provide insight into what they are feeling, and reveal information about their behavior. It is very important that people dream if they want to remain in good health. Sleepers can cycle through five stages of sleep continuously throughout the night, one of the most important being Rapid Eye Movement (REM). REM sleep can last for up to five minutes at a time, and is entered multiple times throughout sleep. On the other hand, the brain stem, which controls a person’s emotions, memory, and desires, is very active during sleep. However, the “reasoning brain” is shut down. A person’s brain also cuts off all signals from the senses and blocks messages sent to the muscles, which prevents someone from acting out his or her dreams (Andre-Clark). Dreams occur during the REM phase, the most restful time of sleep. For this reason, scientists have concluded that dreaming is beneficial to an individual’s health. Robert J. Hoss, author of Dream Language, states, “dreaming is... ... middle of paper ... ... said, “Dreams are the touchstones of our characters.” Works Cited Andre-Clark, Alice. "Why Do We Dream?" Sirs Discoverer. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Mar. 2014. "Dreams." Student Resource Center. Detroit: Gale, 2012. Student Resource Center - Junior. Gale. Central Dauphin Senior High School. 13 Mar. 2014. "Greater Good." The Influence of Dreams. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Mar. 2014. Kettelkamp, Larry. Dreams. New York: W. Morrow, 1968. Print. "Oneirology: Understanding the How, the Why and the What | DreamDoze." DreamDoze Oneirology Understanding the How the Why and the What Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Mar. 2014. "Scientific Study of Dreams: Sample Chapter." The Scientific Study of Dreams: Sample Chapter. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Mar. 2014. "Sigmund Freud." Theories. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Mar. 2014. Wichlinski, Lawrence J. "Dream." World Book Student. World Book, 2014. Web. 13 Mar. 2014
Webb, W. B., & Cartwright, R. D. (1978). Sleep and Dreams. Annual Review of Psychology, 29(1), 223-252. doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.29.020178.001255
...heory, reverse learning theory, and activation synthesis model, others focus on the mental exercise and simulations that dreams bring to us in the evolutionary theory of sleep. While many of the theories agree that dreams are a representation of ideas and thoughts from the unconscious mind, no single theory has been formed as the single primary authority on the matter of dreams despite more support for some of the theories. The fact of the matter is that despite the rampant research and discourse on the concept behind dreaming, these theories are merely speculations. But these speculations feed the curiosity on dreams and will hopefully lead to the expansion of dream analysis to not only better develop the current understanding of dreams, but also to help people around the world by possibly expanding dream analysis to become an early identifier of mental illness.
In a (Scientific American,2009) article, they described one viewpoint of what dreams are," dreaming is simply an epiphenomenon that is the mental activity that occurs during REM sleep. I do not believe this is the most fruitful approach to the study of dreaming."
Dreams are series of thoughts, images, and sensations occurring in a person’s mind during sleep. Dreams occur during a certain stage of sleep known as REM. Several different psychologists, including Freud and Hobson, have studied dreams. Psychologists have provided many theories as to what dreams are and the meanings behind them.
Wilson, K. (2005). Introduction to Sigmund Freud’s Theory on Dreams. Retrieved November 4, 2013, from http://dreams.insomnium.co.uk/dream-theory/introduction-freud-theory-on-dreams
Szmigielska, B., & Holda, M. (2007). Students' views on the role of dreams in human life.
In this Forum on Sleep and Dreams, we will see how the diversity of academic disciplines can help to answer important questions about sleep and dreaming—questions that may touch the basis of human intellect. The Forum is fortunate in...
During prescientific days, dreams were interpreted as ‘manifestations’ of a ‘higher power’. Since the introduction of psychology, dreams have had 4 distinct interpretations. The first interprets dreams as a “liberation of the spirit from the pressure of external nature”. The second interprets dreams as “accidental disturbances from ‘internal organs’. The third interprets dreams as a foretelling of the future. The last interpretation is Freud’s. He interprets dream as an expression of subconscious desires.
Many associate sleeping with peace and quiet, but actually our brains are found to be more active during sleep than at any other time of the day. After reading the title to my essay many would put this paper down and claim that they have never experienced REM sleep, but that’s not entirely true, we all dream, every time we sleep, yet only 40% of people can recall they had one and only 32% will be able to recall some content with a smaller percentage being able to recall the dream in detail. ‘There's a time limit to how much you can remember about your dream’ .
Dreams have been thought to contain significant messages throughout many cultures. A dream is an unfolding sequence of perceptions, thoughts, and emotions that is experienced as a series of real-life events during sleep. The definitions of dreams are different among studies, which can also lead to quite different results. Perhaps, the dream interpretation has becoming increasingly popular. In this paper, I will talk about what I have learned about three different views of dream interpretations. One theory made by Sigmund Freud who believed that dreams are triggered by unacceptable repressed wishes, often of a sexual nature. He argued that because dreams we experience are merely disguised versions of people real dreams. The other theory called activation–synthesis theory, made by Allan Hobson and Robert McCarley, based on the observation that during REM sleep, many brain-stem circuits become active and bombard the cerebral cortex with neural signals. The last theory, proposed by William Domhoff, is called the neurocognitive theory of dreaming, which demonstrates that dream content in general is continuous with waking conceptions and emotional preoccupations. Thus, dreaming is best understood as a developmental cognitive achievement that depends upon the maintenance of a specific network of forebrain structures. While each theory has different belief system and approach method, it is a great opportunity to know how former psychologists contributed to the field of dream interpretation.
Why do we dream? How do dreams provide insight into the mind? Are dreams relevant to waking life? “Dreams pass into the reality of action. From the action stems the dream again, and this interdependence produces the highest form of living (Nin).” Dreams can be defined as, “...a series of thoughts, visions, or feelings, that are experienced by the mind during sleep.” On average an adults get about seven to eight hours of sleep a night,a substantial amount of human kinds time is spent asleep. If a person lives a total of 90 years they will have slept for 31 years, 1,624 weeks, 272,910 hours, and will have dreamt for 34,114 hours, so a massive chunk of humanities lives are spent in the sleep cycle.
In this paper I hope to open a window to the vast and mysterious world of dreaming. To most people, information about dreams isn’t common knowledge. In researching this subject though, I found that everybody has and reacts to dreams, which are vital to your mental health. You will also find how you can affect your dreams and how they affect you.
While we sleep, our brains are able to play out scenes in our mind through our dreams. However, dreaming does not fully expose our cognitive potential. We are only able to watch those scenes while dreaming rather than fully participate. Lucid dreaming gives us not only the ability to participate in our dreams, but allows us to determine what will happen in them and manipulate the entire plot. Lucid dreaming is defined as “the experience of dreaming with consciousness and awareness that one is dreaming (Melton 940).” For a dream to be lucid, the dreamer must realize that they are not in reality or the physical world, but that they are in a dream. Once this realization occurs, the dreamer is able to do whatever they want and manipulate the plot of the dream. The idea of lucid dreaming has existed since the eighth century when Tibetan Buddhists practiced forms of yoga designed to remain fully conscious during a dreaming state (LaBerge, 21). It wasn’t until the 1900’s that scientists began to study sleep cycles and to determine how they affected dreaming and lucidity. These studies led to the development of techniques that would allow people to lucid dream on demand in order for scientists to further study lucidity. Researchers were able to use these techniques and apply them to therapies and treatments for patients with sleeping disorders in an attempt to use lucid dreaming to improve their sleep quality. While further benefits of lucid dreaming are still being studied, current research shows that it can be a useful skill to develop and can be a therapeutic tool for people suffering from sleep disorders.
"International Association for the Study of Dreams." International Association for the Study of Dreams. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Apr. 2014. .
What is a dream? Why do we have dreams? Do dreams have deeper meaning in our lives? The answers to these questions have eluded and intrigued many psychologists throughout history and have sparked my interest as well. As an avid and vivid dreamer I have often found myself wondering what the true meanings to my dreams were. So what are dreams? “Strictly speaking, dreams are images and imagery, thoughts, sounds and voices, and subjective sensations experienced when we sleep.”1 Even after thousands of years of research, psychologists have still not come to an agreed answer on why we dream. There are as many opinions out there as there are individual dreams. Some psychologists believe dreaming is simply the minds way of distracting itself from outside information during sleep to allow people to get deep rest. Others such as Dr. Eric Hartman suggest dreams serve almost as a psychotherapy in which the brain can make connections between different emotions and thoughts in a safe protected environment. Do dreams have any direct correlation to everyday events and experiences? Are they meant to aid individuals in understanding and interpreting their world around them?