Have you ever wondered what a supernova is? Or even if the word t is a real? Well I’ll be talking about what a supernova is, what it does, and how it is made.
The word supernova is plural for supernovae or supernovas. The definition of a supernova is any violently exploding stars after eruption suddenly increases many millions of times its normal level. The supernova came around the 1930’s by Walter Baade and Fritz Zwicky. Supernovas are very rare to see they happen every 50 years in the Milky Way. Supernovas cannot be predicted in our galaxies it is impossible.(“Supernova”)
A supernova is an explosion of a massive supergiant star. It may shine with a brightness of 10 billion suns! The total energy output may be 10^44 joules, as much as the total output of the sun during its 10 billion year lifetime. The likely scenario is fusion proceeds to build up a core of iron. The “iron group” of elements around mass number A=60 are the most tightly bound nuclei, so no more energy can be gotten from nuclear fusion. Supernovas are classified at Type one if their light curves exhibit sharp maxima and then die away gradually. The maxima may be about 10 billion solar luminosities. Type two supernovas have less sharp peaks at maxima and peak at about 1 billion solar luminosities. They die away more sharply than Type one. Type two supernovas are not observed to occur in elliptical galaxies, and are thought to occur in population one type stars in the spiral arms of galaxies. Type one supernovas occur typically occur in elliptical galaxies, so they are probably Population type two stars. With the observation of a number of supernovas in other galaxies a more refined classification of supernovas has been developed based on the observed spectra. Th...
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...y result from short-lived massive stars. They are most commonly found in type Sc spirals, but also in the arms of other spiral galaxies and in irregular galaxy, especially starburst galaxies. (”supernova”)
Type Ib/c and II-L, and possibly most type IIn, supernovae are only thought to be produced from stars having near-solar metallicity levels that result in high mass loss from massive stars, hence they are less common in older more distant galaxies. The table shows the expected progenitor for the main types of core collapse supernova, and the approximate proportions of each in the local neighborhood. (”supernova”)
Works Cited
"Supernova." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 11 Dec. 2013. Web. 12 Nov. 2013. .
"Supernovae." Supernovae. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2013. .
Brown dwarfs are objects in space that sit between the lines of being a star and a planet. This object is dim and hard to distinguish from low mass stars at the early stages of the dwarf’s life. They are often called failed stars because they start their life the same way as regular stars. However, in some stage, they just didn’t have enough mass gathered to generate the fusion-powered energy of a star. Scientists are certain that brown dwarfs are the missing link between stars and planets but the formations of dwarfs are still a mystery.
A supernova remnant is a cloud of gas created in the explosion of a star as a supernova. Located 6,300 light years away, the Crab Nebula (M1) is one of the most famous supernova remnants and is one of only a few historically observed supernovae in the Milky Way Galaxy. It is specifically located at right ascension 5 hour...
Let’s start out at the very bottom; the definitions of a quasar and a pulsar. A quasar consists of a supermassive black hole surrounded by a cloud of dust that allows for focused beams of radiation. Quasars usually are only seen in moderately young galaxies, as they require a large amount of matter, commonly known as “stardust,” to keep the beam going. This energy source has to be extremely compact to give the quasar enough energy to exist. Once this fuel runs out, though, the quasar ceases to be and becomes a normal supermassive black hole. Pulsars, on the other hand, are the remnants of stars that were once ten times the size of our sun. When these stars come to the end of their life, they supernova and leave only a super dense mass called a neutron star or pulsar. These formations are called pulsars because they emit a radio signal and rotate in such a way that it looks as if they are pulsing. Now, it is on to greater things. Let’s get specific with both of these amazing celestial formations.
Supernovas are explosions from old stars at the end of their life cycles. Their explosions are the largest and most energetic things in the Universe and can outshine their entire home galaxies. Supernovas can also provide beautiful viewing as well. Anyone in 1572, for a few weeks, could look up at the sky and see a bright “New star” in the sky.
The authors' prospected views on the future of our galaxy are rather harsh. The authors argue that a billion terrestrial years from now-in 10 galactic years-the galaxy will look much like it does now. Certain details, however, will be different. As the sun executes its next ten circuits around our galaxy's central hub, our today-familiar constellations will be scrambled one hundred times over. Many of the night stars in the sky will no longer exist. Deneb and Rigel, for example, will explode as supernovae. Sirious will swell into a red giant and puff out a planetary nebula. Alpha Centauri, currently the sun's closest neighbor, will recede from the sun, and its apparent brightness will fade below the threshold of naked-eye visibility.
Furthermore, there are five main types of nebulae; they include emission, reflection, planetary, dark and supernova remnants. Each type appears in a vast array of shapes, sizes and form in different ways. The unique appearance of each nebula depends on temperature, density and how the dust is spatially arranged with respect to the viewer. Although all nebulae are forms of interstellar matter some of them formed from the death of stars while others formed from atoms and simply reflect the light from the nearby stars.
Stars explode at the end of their lifetime, sometimes when they explode the stars leave a remnant of gasses and, dust behind. What the gasses come together to form depend on the size of the remnant. If the remnant is less than 1.4 solar masses it will become a white dwarf, a hot dead star that is not bright enough to shine. If the remnant is roughly 1.4 solar masses, it will collapse. “The protons and electrons will be squashed together, and their elementary particles will recombine to form neutrons”. What results from this reaction is called a neut...
The smaller the star the longer it will live. The larger the star the more of its fuel is used up. Betelgeuse is thought to be only 10 million years old compared to the sun’s age of 4.5 billion but because of its size being 20 times that of the sun, Betelgeuse is thought to be at the end of its lifespan. It is thought that within the next million years Betelgeuse will explode into a supernova. When this happens, scientist believe, that the explosion will be as bright as the moon in our sky and will last for several weeks and may be visible even during the day. The explosion of Betelgeuse will not affect earth due to the distance between the celestial bodies being so massive. It is thought that when the sun has used up all of its fuel and finally explodes even though it will not be a supernova like Betelgeuse, the sun will take earth with it. Thankfully, the sun’s life expectancy is considerably longer than Betelgeuse by a span of 4.5 billion
Stars are one of the most widely recognized astronomical objects in the known universe. These celestial bodies are the building blocks of galaxies and their age, composition, and distribution are used to trace their galaxy’s history. Stars are also responsible for the existence of heavy elements such as carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and iron. These elements are the result of the thermonuclear fusion that takes place in the stars’ cores over millions to trillions of years, making them the most effective and productive nuclear reactors in the the cosmos. In the case of the solar system stars also provide the light and heat required to support life which is a near impossible and extremely rare phenomenon. Stars are extraordinary objects in the entirety
Tyler, Pat. Supernova. NASA’s Heasarc: Education and Public Information. 26 Jan. 2003. 22 Nov. 2004
Nebula that was destroyed after it’s sun went supernova. Troubled by his findings, the priest
The Orion Nebula is an emission nebula because of the O-type and B-type stars contained within it. These high-temperature stars emit ultraviolet (UV) light that ionizes the surrounding hydrogen atoms into protons (H+) and electrons (e-). When the protons and electrons recombine, the electrons enter a higher energy level (n=3). Then, when the electron drops from the n=3 level to the n=2 level, an Hphoton is emitted. 2 This photon has a wavelength of 6563 Å, and therefore corresponds to the red portion of the visible spectrum. It is these H photons which give the nebula the distinctive red color which we see.
There are two types of ways a Supernova can be triggered. The first trigger is the result of a white dwarf accumulating matter from a companion. This causes the dwarf to reach a core temperature too high to survive which in turn makes an explosion. The second trigger is when a star’s nuclear fuel is diminishing and can no longer support the release of nuclear energy. If the star’s core is large enough it will breakdown and become a supernova. Most observations of a supernova are made through spectral lines. Classification agrees with the physical classification, because large stars are made of mostly hydrogen, while white dwarf stars are plain. White dwarfs have a bare surrounding because the original star’s explosion was so great that the winds pushed the hydrogen away.
The first person to ever observe the Milky Way was Greek philosopher, Democritus, who said the galaxy may consist of distant stars. In 1610, Galileo Galilei used a telescope to study the Milky Way and came to the conclusion that it was composed of billions and billions of faint stars. Then, in 1750, Thomas Wright c...
One thing us as humans have never been able to fully understand is astronomy. Always having an unexplained mystery, astronomy also has served as a way to keep time and predict the future. The word “astronomy” is defined as the study of heavenly bodies, meaning anything in the sky such as stars, galaxies, comets, planets, nebulae, and so on. Many people, if not everyone, is amazed by the night sky on a clear, moonless night.