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case study on decision-making
decision making
essay on the decision making process
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Table of Contents Introduction 1 Traditional Decision-Making Process 1 Making Rational Decisions 2 Problem Definition-Rational 3 Identify Decision Criteria-Rational 3 Weight the Criteria-Rational 3 Generate the Alternatives-Rational 4 Evaluate the Alternatives-Rational 4 Select the Optimal Solution-Rational 4 Making “Good Enough” Decisions 4 Making Intuitive Decisions 4 Making Creative Decisions 5 Global Decision Making 5 Ethical Decision Making 5 Key Aspects of the Management Process 6 Decision-Making in Today’s Changing World 6 Global Managerial Decision Making 7 Effective Global Manager 7 What It Takes for a Manager to Be Effective in a Global Scope: 8 Conclusion 8 References 9 introduction Decision making plays a central role in management; for some people, management is decision making. However, there are good and bad decision makers in every culture. Good decision makers in every culture are those who learn not only to cope with the ambiguity and uncertainty of reality, but to thrive on it. Historically, managers were able to successfully base their decisions solely on their own experience and their own culture; today such a circumscribed domestic perspective no longer works. When dealing with a diverse group of employees, guaranteeing the ethicality of organizational behavior will necessitate special effort. This is due to employees with various backgrounds or demographic individualities may differ in their standards of ethics. Males and females appear to have alike standards when judging the ethicality of monetary issues but differ on issues such as the ethicality of breaking organizational behaviors. Decision making refers to making choices among alternative courses of action—which ma... ... middle of paper ... ...t requires simultaneously recognizing situations in which demands from both global and local elements are compelling, while combining an openness to and awareness of diversity across cultures and markets with a willingness and ability to synthesize across this diversity. References Adler, N. (2008). International Dimensions of Organizational Behavior. Mason, OH: Thomson Learning. Cohen, S. (2010). Effective global leaership requires a global mindset. Industrial and Commercial Training, 3-10. Jean Brittain Leslie, M. D. (2002). Managerial Effectiveness in a Global Context. Greensboro, NC: Center for Creative Leadership. Nickles, M. (1998). Decision-Making in a Global Environment. Graziadio Business Review, 2-4. SagePub. (2008, March 27). The Manager as Decision Maker. Retrieved from www.sagepub.com: http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/23126_Chapter_5.pdf
Ethical behavior cannot be successfully shaped and maintained in isolation. Therefore, the internal controls characterized by individual attributes must be usually consistent with organizational structure, organizational culture and societal expectations. These four components are key elements for designing an environment supportive of theses ethical conducts (Cooper, 2012 pg. 164).
Decision-making is one of the hardest tasks individuals have to endure. Deciphering between whether or not the decision you make will benefit you, if it will hurt someone else, what are the pros, the cons, and if the decision you make is eleven moral in itself. When decision-making the study of ethics plays a major role as to which decision you ultimately decide on. Ethics evaluates the morality of actions based on principles set by theories, individuals or in some instances cultures. Morality is an enormous part of decision=making which comes into play every single day in human life. Ethicists create theories based on the morality that exists in our lives in regards to certain situations. In particular, the utilitarian theory is well known
Decision-making is a cognitive process that results choosing one of the alternative options. When we think logically, we exclude emotions and use only rational method of selecting the best choice that achieves the best possible outcome and consequences. In our daily life, we take many decisions and many changes over it. So, the question is; what factors influence the decision making process? According to the article, frontal cortex is the part of the brain that responsible for decision making, the researchers assume that human reasoning and decision making depends on many levels of cognitive operations which depends on many support processes as emotions, attention and working memory. The reasoning process is also depends on the knowledge about the situation and options for actions.
I discovered how sticking to one’s morals should be the topmost priority for everyone involved in business, whether personal or professional. Regardless of what the consequences may be, the intensity of the problem, and the complexities it may bring, sacrificing one’s integrity should never be an option, as integrity goes hand-in-hand with the morals of an individual (Duggan & Woodhouse, 2011). They further go on to say that having individuals take part in building a code of ethics that supports employee integrity, they will act ethically. Also, I believe that companies should place more emphasis on the moral behavior of their employees, and clear-cut policies should be set regarding such ethical situations. Furthermore, I realized how serving justice while making decisions really helps in the long run, and that opting to go for the ideal rather than they deserved is not always the best option, and could hurt a company in more than one
Leaders facing decision making with there is a small amount of pertinent criteria are wise to use bounded rationality decision making. In a situation such as this, the outcome is not a driving force and leaders are not willing or able to invest a great deal of time with regard to this method of decision making.
Organizational ethics is an area that is described to be in its infancy therefore it is always developing, as seen all over the world; ethical codes exist within large corporations and are on the rise. This relatively new area of focus is often described as a necessary evil and tricky aspect to start but once completed is very beneficial. Progressively during the last two decades, public and corporate organizations have wanted to diminish deviations from ethical standards by introducing ethics programs. Ethics are the moral values that dictate a person's behaviour; they help determine what is good or bad, and right or wrong, but there are varying degrees between the two extremes. They are not determined by the law but many organizations feel they are required for the organization to be successful because the efficiency level and overall power of the work environment is greatly affected by the socio-economic environment at workplace. Over the past twenty years many organizations have tried to reduce the variances in ethical standards by starting ethic programs. Ethics is important to an organization's effectiveness because it can help prevent an organization from making wrong or unethical decisions that could potentially ruin the organization. It can also help cushion any disciplinary and legal issues that could potentially occur due to employees making unethical decisions.
Therefore, as global leaders, we need to pay attention and be sensitive to these differences. An additional lesson I learned is that the appreciation of diverse cultures is not only important for leaders but also important for every member of a team. For example, if I am working in an organization in the U.S. I should expect that the way my boss conceptualize issues such as standards of performance might be different from how my boss from Ghana might conceptualize
Ethical principles matter and are important in the workplace because our actions do have a significant effect on all of those around us. An ethical organization is founded not only on ethics, but also on values, morals, integrity, and character. In addition, an ethical organization will also be a lawful one. Ethical behavior establishes a professional standard for performance and is something that a society assimilates an organization as being. Due to an ethically structured business, an organization can actually improve the community around it (Sherman, 2017). Attributable to this, ethical principles in the workplace are important to help ensure organizational reputation, compliance, financial return, and to instill a working environment of
Making important decision is one of the toughest things to do in life. Brendan Francis observed, "Some persons are very decisive when it comes to avoiding decisions." When you look at some successful people, you may wonder how they can come up with a right decision. What are their "secrets" in the decision-making process? After performing an intensive research on the decision making topic in both theoretical and practical aspects, we discovered that the secrets are very simple: Activeness, Balance, and Checking, or the "ABC" secrets for short. So, what exactly are "Activeness", "Balance", and "Checking" in the context of decision making topic?
Ethical behavior can be influenced by peoples own personal perceptions. Sources on which one bases ethic are different for everyone, religion, values, and cultural differences can all be factors that shape ethics. Values influence an individual’s affective and behavioral responses in the workplace since these core values , attitudes, beliefs differ from one cultural group to another and are associated with the persons learned behaviors .(McMurray, A., & Scott, D. (2013).Cultural differences can influence someone’s approach , and commitment to their jobs. Most companies now days operate on an International level, and so employees are located all over the world and all come from different walks on life.
How do decision makers or more precisely managers make fast, yet high-quality strategic choices? Decision making is a seemingly simple title for a text or study to cover, after all, we all make decisions every moment of our lives, from the trivial choices of “what shall I wear tonight?” to more difficult decisions about “where shall I pursue my higher learning degree?”. However, managers face these dilemmas on basis that would affect a whole organization, including its employees, customers, suppliers and so on. Decision making is one of the very main strategic aspects of an organization’s road to success. The chapter in the book starts by explaining that each decision a manager makes follows a process that starts with identifying the problem that might be an obstacle in achieving an organizational goal, next step is to identify decision criteria relevant to solving the problem, allocate weights for the criteria. Once that is done, a manager needs to come up with alternatives and analyze them based on the criteria. The final major step would be to select the best alternative, implement it and then evaluate the results to see if the problem is solved. Of course, for a manager to be a successful one, he/she needs to be rational, meaning the choices made need to be logical and consistent. The manager shouldn’t include any subjectivity in his/her decisions and should make them in the best interest of the organization and its goals. However, in order to have a more realistic approach towards decision making, managers are encouraged to satisfice (accept solutions that are “good enough”), simply because managers’ rationality is bounded by their ability to process all information related to the alternatives. Nonetheless, not all decisions ...
“Decision making is a process of first diverging to explore the possibilities and then converging on a solution(s). The Latin root of the word decision means "to cut off from all alternatives". This is what you should do when you decide.” (Kotelnikov, 2008). In fact, the decision making process helps reduce doubt and uncertainty about alternative choices to allow individual to choose the best reasonable choice. In addition, the decision making process can make the difference between a successful and an unsuccessful organization. Consequently, management tries to use the best techniques and tools possible to make the best decision. Nowadays, most organizations seem to think that they have the most effective and efficient decision making process. So what are the different styles of decision making processes have organizations implemented? In order to answer this question, the team members will investigate and observe the decision-making processes most prevalent in their organization. As a result, these papers will first compare and contrast the problem identification and formulation styles in the team members’ organizations. Then the most favorable aspects of each style will be discussed to describe a process by which a problem can be identified and described to stakeholders in a manner that is sensitive to their perspective.
Making decisions is an important part of our everyday life. Decisions define actions and lead to the achievement of goals. However, these depend on the effectiveness of the decision-making process. An effective decision is free from biases, uncertainties, and is deeply dependent on information and critical thinking. Poor decisions lead to the inability to achieve set objectives and could lead to losses, if finance is a factor. Therefore, it is important to contemplate about quality and ways to achieve it in decision-making, which is the focus of this paper. The purpose is to look into the needs of decision-making, including what one should do and what one should not do.
An employee does an unsatisfactory job on an assigned project. Explain the attribution process that this person's manager will use to form judgments about this employee's job performance.
Decision making is one of the most important aspects in life and work because of its strong link to success and effectiveness. Actually, successful people achieve their goals in life and work through effective and efficient decision making. The decision making process is usually guided by an individual’s beliefs, values, and attitudes as well concepts. While a person can use various concepts in making decisions, they should be very careful to select a concept that is effective and contributes to huge success. Nonetheless, these concepts exist to help an individual become a better decision maker in the world around him/her.