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culture in passage to india
culture in passage to india
theme of friendship in passage to india
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In the novel, A passage to India, Forster tries to bring to light the cultural interactions between the native Indians and their colonialists the British. It considers if there may be a possibility of personal relationships between the natives the British so as to develop a mutual satisfaction. In this novel he, tries to consider if the natives can be able to connect with the British, and vice versa (Forster, 1979: 26). The novel explores the Anglo-Indian friendship, paying attention to describing the two societies that are to be found there; natives and the British. Throughout Forster’s novel, he explores thoroughly in the barriers existing of inter-racial friendship. It shows how different cultures that are forced to intermix, find themselves misunderstanding each other and the consequences that emanate after the misunderstandings. He discusses the human beings failures in communication satisfactorily and the failure they have in eliminating biasness, in the establishment of relationships.
Based on the notion that Englishmen and Indian are equal, Fielding and Aziz build a friendship. Even though this friendship exists between them still it does not help in tying the Anglo-Indian union. This friendship of theirs is discussed on a personal level for we expect that in colonies friendship existing cannot be on an equal basis. At the beginning, it is noted that Aziz is against the British but after some time, after a meeting at the Mosque with Mrs. Moore he changes his opinion. The two nations; India and Britain would have been great friends if they treated each other like Fielding and Aziz. But as long as the British ruled the native Indians as their masters, resentment of each other will be in existence. Fielding and Aziz converse...
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...elding] and the native Indian slave [Aziz] cannot be equal. Fielding goes against his cultures and norms to keep his friendship with his friend Aziz. The cultures of the two societies were at loggerheads with each other. Some of the Indian cultures and British cultures were misunderstood by both. Aziz representing the Indians stands out as an individual who promises something with no intention of fulfilling it while the British kept to their promises to the later. The culture of the British society, symbolizes the Indians as a woman. They are the masculine ones; Fielding flies back to England coming back with a wife. This helps him not to be labeled a woman, because of his closeness and friendship with Aziz. It is evident that the cultures that the two societies have differ from each other.
Works Cited
Forster, E. M. 1979. A Passage to India. London: Penguin.
Cricket in some ways was a unifying force for the various classes in India as well as the relationship between Great Britain and India. As seen in Document 2, an Indian cricketer was invited to “...join the Sussex team,” that was a team from European country. This shows some equality between n...
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Throughout the course of history, the majority of people have always been shown to eventually and always, die. This was especially shown when the people were colonizing for the English and were trying to colonize the Americas. Many colonists escaped Europe by means of transportation to escape a harsh life, and in hopes of finding a new land where they would not be kept down by something they all called a glass ceiling. The colonists wanted to choose for themselves and wanted a place where they could freely practice their religion and their cultures. In addition, they wanted to establish a stable colony and also wanted a stable trade to the mainland of Europe. Unfortunately, the Americas were not as hospitable as everyone thought it to be.
The author and her friends, Judewin and Thowin, alone with other children got excited about an adventure in to a new land. Their excitement was short because of their painful experiences from the white’s ignorance of the Indian culture. When a white women saw her arrived the school, she tossed her up in the air several times. It was insulting for her because of against the Indian culture. Her stay at the school was other painful experience.
Distance is such a simple concept and yet it can cause the greatest of changes in a people. This idea is reflected powerfully in the stories “The Management of Grief” and “Interpreter of Maladies” written by Bharati Mukherjee and Jhumpa Lahiri respectively. Their stories illustrate two different cultures populated by the same people, Indians. Although they are all Indian, the people are separated by a culture barrier between countries. In “The Management of Grief” a Canadian widow finds that her life is drastically different from the lives of her family in India(Mukherjee, 434). In “Interpreter of Maladies” an Indian man comes to know a an Indian-American family there on vacation(Lahiri, 448). These stories compare two
In many situations, introducing a new party into a land that was formerly inhabited and assimilated by another party with completely different societal, political and cultural values results in a lengthy period of transition and conflict due to misunderstanding. Colonization and the interactions between colonists and Indians during the early stages of settlement in the New World was certainly no exception. Although European societies and political structures were hierarchical and left less to the impoverished members of society, Indian societies and political structures were not as patriarchal and featured communal cooperation. Culturally speaking, Europeans were more fragmented and hierarchical but less ritualistic in religious practices than were Indians. With these innumerable differences and struggles to communicate with not only the European settlers but also with each other, it is no surprise that the Indians fell at the hands of the English in King Philip’s War.
Reflecting on the colonization of North America is an uneasy topic for most Americans. The thought of war between the Indians and the early settlers creates an image of clashing cultures between the well-armed Europeans and the hand-crafted weaponry of the native Indians. We tend to have the perception that the early colonists came and quickly took away the land from the Indians but, in reality, the Europeans did not have this power. Though French explorers and English settlers had a different perception of land ownership than that of the Native Americans, the fate of the Europeans rested in the hands of the Indians. Either from self-preservation, civility or curiosity, various American Indian tribes assisted the early European colonies through the sharing of resources, by befriending them as allies and, ultimately, by accepting them as permanent neighbors.
The first perception discussed in the essay compares the way the Indians run their form of government to that of the English. He notes how the Indian are able to run a government without police, prisons, or punishment, and instead it is run on a sort of basis of respect with “great order and decency” (Norton, 477). When someone speaks in the Indian counsel everyone listens and remains silent, and once the speaker is finished the rest remain silent to allow time for th...
Johnson, Emily Pauline. "A Cry From An Indian Wife" Brown, Russell, Donna Bennett, eds. An Anthology of Canadian Literature in English. Third Edition. University of Oxford Press, 2010. 228.
...wholeheartedly, making their match somewhat arranged but actually romantic and modern. The union between Balraj and Jaya proves to Darcy that the Indian practice of arranged marriage, especially its aspect of brief interaction between spouses, does not prevent the formation of romantic feeling; therefore, it is not inferior to the free and romantic marriage that Americans support, driving the idea of equality between traditions and modernity. The recognition, understanding, and respect Balraj has for Jaya and her culture has given rise to a marriage between England and India, and through this marriage, both England and India has found the way to engaging each other equally.
Before talking about the relationship between the Native Americans and early England colonists, people should not forget that the explorer of Columbia states that Indians who live in early North America were friendly with him. However, different people in world had different attitude of early North Americans. For example, Spanish described Indians with the word of barbaric and savage. However, Indians who lived in North America were varied. During the time when British settlers occupied North America as colonies, the Indians were forced and pushed to adapt to the political system and rules of the British force.
In Hugh Jones' essay titled, "Characteristics of the Indians," he basically gives a factual account of how the Indians live their daily life. Although his account is mostly factual, his European biases do play a major role in his interpretation of Indian ways. In one instance, in describing the Indians rejoicing and war dances, Jones says that they used, "the most antick [sic] gestures, in the most frightful dress, with a hideous noise" (Unger, p. 43). To Jones and other Englishmen their dress may seem frightful and the noise may sound hideous, but that is his opinion. To the Indians this is normal and a way of life. This just shows the white man's ignorance to the culture of the Native Americans. In a second instance Jones's describes the Indians in their "finest dress." He states that the Indians believe they are looking their best when they are ridiculously dressed. Once again he is giving his opinion of the definition of what is considered ridiculous to the English. Jones also pokes fun at many of the traditions of the Indians, for example, the way they wear their hair or the painting on their faces. He notes this as being comical and also uses sarcasm in portraying these traditions. Jones' essay provides many useful facts about the Indian way of life, but his European biases prevent him from disclosing the actual truth.
In the Third and Final Continent, Jhumpa Lahiri uses her own experiences of being from an immigrant family to illustrate to her readers how heritage, cultural influences and adaptation play a major role in finding your true identity. The Third and Final Continent is the ninth narration in a collection of stories called the Interpreter of Maladies. In this story, it discusses themes such as marriage, family, society, language and identity. In this story, we focus on an East Asian man of Bengali descent who wants to have a better future for himself so he leaves India and travels to London, England to pursue a higher education. His pursuit for higher education takes place on three different continents. In India, he feels safe in his home country and welcomed, but when he travels abroad he starts to have fear and anxiety. Through his narrations, we learn how he adapts to the European and American and through these experiences he learns to assimilate and to adapt to the new culture he travels to.
There are people bustling, merchants selling, Anglo-Indians watching, and birds flying overhead. How many perspectives are there in this one snippet of life? They are uncountable, and that is the reality. Modernist writers strive to emulate this type of reality into their own work as well. In such novels, there is a tendency to lack a chronological or even logical narrative and there are also frequent breaks in narratives where the perspectives jump from one to another without warning. Because there are many points of view and not all of them are explained, therefore, modernist novels often tend to have narrative perspectives that suddenly shift or cause confusion. This is because modernism has always been an experimental form of literature that lacks a traditional narrative or a set, rigid structure. Therefore, E. M. Forster, author of A Passage to India, uses such techniques to portray the true nature of reality. The conflict between Adela, a young British girl, and Aziz, an Indian doctor, at the Marabar Caves is one that implements multiple modernist ideals and is placed in British-India. In this novel, Forster shows the relations and tension between the British and the Indians through a series of events that were all caused by the confusing effects of modernism. E.M. Forster implements such literary techniques to express the importance or insignificance of a situation and to emphasize an impression of realism and enigma in Chandrapore, India, in which Forster’s novel, A Passage to India, takes place.
In this short story the protagonist is a newly married Indian woman who is attending a party with her husband’s western friends. Throughout the short story the reader senses her anxiety of being introduced to people who are not as conservative as her. “She longed for the sanctuary of the walled home from which marriage had promised an adventurous escape. Each restricting rule became a guiding stone marking a safe path through unknown dangers” ("The First Party"). In this quote, the narrator explains how the Indian woman did not feel comfortable or at ease with this new world she had been introduced too. She fiend to be back home but because of her tie that she made to this man through marriage she is in her mind, stuck with him. In addition to her anxiety of being with non-conservative woman, who drank, smoked, dressed provocatively, and had painted nails, the protagonist grew angry in her own head. “She had been so sure of herself in her contempt and her anger, confident of the righteousness of her beliefs, deep-based on generations-old foundations” ("The First Party"). Is this the way that the Indian people reacted to British colonialism? The things that western people found normal, was this disrespectful to the Indian people. The protagonist surely thought it was and was certain that her anger was not misplaced. She felt as her anger was a sign of her strong faith. She came to the realization that her husband was someone who would challenge her beliefs but above all she knew that her beliefs state that her life must be one with his (“The First Party”). This realization must be heartbreaking, to realize that one 's comfort is not found in their life partner. The protagonist was raised to believe that her life must be one with her husband, that she is