The Consequences of Overfishing

881 Words2 Pages

Overfishing

Introduction
A significant of fish acquired is called overfishing, the problem with this definition stems from the poor insight into mechanisms that regulate recruitment. Firstly, the approach that considers occurrences of overfishing when the stock was 1/50th of the abundant biomass (Beverton et al., 1994). The second type examines the catch and the population growth rate (Schaefers, 1954). The catch rate exceeds the population growth rate and the population growth declines. This occurs when fish are caught at too young, an age such that the individuals achieve only a small percentage of their potential growth. The last type is longevity overfishing, the virtual elimination of older age classes in a population such that this removal impairs recruitment, which would prevent a population from rebuilding. It is first necessary to explain how overfishing can arise in a market, then we will examine government interventions which will result in an optimal level of fishing. Finally, we will compare the policy options of individual transferable quota and fisheries closures.
People have engaged in fisheries for thousands of years. Capital and labour have grown, which caused the productivity to increase. Simultaneously with an increase in oceanic navigation gave this the opportunity to an incrementing production.
Until the late 1970s fish stock could be considered common property, fisheries where managed as open access resources, each potential user has complete autonomy in utilizing the resource. Economic theory predicts that under conditions of an open access natural resource will be exploited, until total costs equal total revenues. (Gordon, 1954; Schaefler, 1957; Bjorndal and Conrad, 1987). This implies that, as long a...

... middle of paper ...

...and C. M. Roberts. 1999. Fisheries benefits and optimal design of marine reserves. Fishery Bulletin 97:604–616.
Rodwell, L. D., E. B. Barbier, C. M. Robert, and T. R. McClanahan. 2002. A model of tropical marine reserve-fishery linkages. Natural Resource Modeling 15:453–486.
McClanahan, T. R., N. A. J. Graham, J. M. Calnan, and M. A. MacNeil. 2007. Towards pristine biomass: reef fish recovery in coral reef marine protected areas in Kenya. Ecological Applications 17:1055–1067.
McClanahan, T. R., J. Cinner, A. T. Kamukuru, C. Abunge, and J. Ndagala. 2009a. Management preferences, perceived benefits, and conflicts among resource users and managers in the Mafia Island Marine National Park, Tanzania. Environmental Conservation 35:340–350.
Beddington, J. R., D. J. Agnew, and C. W. Clark. 2007. Current problems in the management of marine fisheries. Science 316:1713–1716.

Show More
Related

  • Four Fish Summary

    505 Words  | 2 Pages

    In this entertaining, search into global fish hatcheries, New York Times writer Paul Greenberg investigates our historical connection with the ever changing ocean and the wild fish within it. In the beginning of the book Paul is telling his childhood fishing stories to his friends, that night Paul discovers that that four fish dominate the world’s seafood markets in which are salmon, tuna, cod, and bass. He tries to figure out why this is and the only logical answer he could come up with is that four epochal shifts caused theses wild fish population to diminish. History shows that four epochal shifts happen within fifteen years causing certain fish species populations to diminish. He discovers for each of the four fish why this happened to

    Read More

  • Persuasive Essay On Commercial Fishing

    1991 Words  | 4 Pages

    Due to the demand many packaging for the fish can find its was back to sea, or when fishermen are out at sea they can leave their garbage. Many nets from the boats and gears can also be found in the water, that fish can later see as food, eat it, and die; this ties back to extinction in fish. There is much pollution and decline stocks in fish because it is very hard to regulate the seas. To fulfill the growing demand for seafood, many companies are forced to fish beyond areas that are supposed to be non-fishing zones. This is because there are hardly any laws or restrictions telling them where they can and cannot fish. Sally Driscoll and Tom Warhol report in, ‘Overfishing’, that itt wasn’t until 1956 where we saw our first regulation, the United Nations organized the first UN Convention of the Law of the Sea or the NCLOS which helped promote rights of all countries by establishing boundaries off shore. Meaning that some seafood fished in certain areas of the ocean cannot be sold in certain countries, and in some areas it is illegal to fish unless you have a permit from that country. Economy also helps make it harder to regulate the seas, in ‘Overfishing’ it is explained that Preisdent Barack Obama brought up Antiquities Act of 1906, that let fishermen expand their fishing areas. The United Nations FAO estimates that 25 percent of all fish trapped in nets are labeled unusable or not licensed for fishing by the

    Read More

  • Taking a Look at Overfishing

    590 Words  | 2 Pages

    Earth's oceans make up over 75% of the Earth as a whole. With that being said, it is vital to understand the significance on the contents of the oceans. Since fish and marine products make up a large portion of our diet, fishing practices need to be properly managed. In this essay, overfishing will be defined, its consequences will be revealed, and plans for proper fish distribution will be executed.

    Read More

  • Analysis of The End of the Line by Rupert Murray

    1045 Words  | 3 Pages

    Rupert Murray’s The End of the Line focuses on the depletion of the oceans fisheries and the devastating effects it has already begun to have on ecosystems and less affluent populations. The film opens with a description of the tribulations of Newfoundland. Once possessing waters so populous with cod that one could “walk across their backs in the water,” improved technology and larger fishing vessels began to deplete the fish stocks. Despite placing a moratorium on fishing in 1992, the fisheries had already been depleted to the point of complete collapse. Similar processes are occurring around the world, as only .6% of the ocean is restricted to fishing vessels. According to the film, much of the ocean’s catch has declined by 90%; the continuation of current trends if continue, stocks will collapse by 2048.

    Read More

  • Newfoundland and Labrador's Cod Collapse

    1118 Words  | 3 Pages

    Parliament of Canada. (n.d.). Northern Cod: a failure of Canadian fisheries management. Retrieved June 17, 2014, from Parliament of Canada: http://www.parl.gc.ca/HousePublications/Publication.aspx?DocId=2144982&Mode=1&Parl=38&Ses=1&Language=E&File=21

    Read More

  • Essay On Canada's Fishing Industry

    1832 Words  | 4 Pages

    With a coastline of over 202 000 km and over a fourth of the world’s freshwater resources, it is no wonder why Canada’s fishing industry is a huge part of its economy.1 Canada exports more than 75% of its fish to over 130 countries worldwide. Many of the 7 million people who reside on the coast depend on the ocean’s resources. In total, Canada’s entire fishing industry is worth around 5$ billion dollars a year, being one of the world’s most valuable. However, the coasts have not been treated by respect; overfishing, over consumption, and wasteful practices has deteriorated, not only the industry, but the ecosystems and fish populations. This is a huge global issue; the worldwide collapse of fisheries has been project for 2048. Slowly, as the trends continue, we will inevitably see many fish species start to disappear. In fact, the ill-treatment of species on the Canadian border has already devastated a large specie, the cod.

    Read More

  • The Effects of Overfishing on the Restaurant Industry

    1580 Words  | 4 Pages

    To fish or not to fish is a personal choice. The fact that the oceans are being overfished is a growing concern for individuals, organizations, and governments throughout the world. In this paper I want to discuss the effects of overfishing on the restaurant industry, and possible solutions to solve the problem. Fishing is an ongoing source of food for people around the world. In many countries it is a food staple in their everyday diet. In more modern societies eating fish has become a sensual experience, and not just for the wealthy. It hasn't been until population explosions in the last century that the demand for seafood has led to more effective fishing techniques and technologies. Now the demand for popular fish like the salmon, tuna, sea bass, cod and hoki, which is the key fish in McDonalds filet o' fish, is diving wild populations to dangerously low levels. The methods used to catch the amount of fish demanded by the industry do not leave sustainable populations in the wild. In an attempt to preserve the fish population, governments have set limits on the minimum size that may be harvested and how many of each may be taken. Boundaries have been set up saying which areas can be fished and which ones should be left alone. A number of smaller fisheries have gone out of business because of the limits imposed by the government. This leads to even less fish being harvested and brought to market. Therefore the amount and varieties of fish at markets are smaller and can cause shortages for wholesalers and restaurants. Some restaurants will no longer have the variety on their menus that they used to enjoy. If a restaurant thrives on its seafood menu they may be unable to cope with the shortages and will go out of business. In the ...

    Read More

  • Conservation of Marine Biodiversity within the Framework of Impure Public Goods

    985 Words  | 2 Pages

    Since the early days when Adam Smith coined the term “invisible hand of the market” in his magnum opus, The Wealth of Nations, it was typically believed among the general population that all goods can be distributed without any interference from the government. Contrary to the popular belief, however, this applies specifically to private goods, i.e. a type of good that is both rivalrous and excludable. It may seem that marine biodiversity is a type of public good, since they are in the vast ocean and everyone is entitled to their ownership. However, many marine biodiversity have tremendous economic values, and one person using it may constitute as another person not being able to use it. Thus, it is best described by the term “impure public goods”. Impure public goods, also known as “mixed public goods”, are “public goods whose benefits are particularly rival and/or partially excludable” and provides both private and public benefits. (Squires, Mixed Goods, 59) “International environmental public goods generate benefits that spill over national borders, so that the benefits (or costs) of those goods extend beyond the country of origin.” (Arriagada and Perrings, 800) Since many biodiversity, such as dolphins and coral reefs, are important to the public and yet could be exploited by citizen of any country, it is important for different countries’ governments to cooperate and conserve the marine biodiversity together. The conservation of marine biodiversity will depend on the externalities that are associated with impure public goods, and slo the technolog of public good supplies. We will also look at the incentives to conserve marine biodiversity in t...

    Read More

  • Argumentative Essay On Overfishing

    1623 Words  | 4 Pages

    “Overfishing occurs when more fish are caught than the population can replace through natural reproduction”. CITATION

    Read More

  • The Use of Marine Protected Areas for Conservation Efforts

    2405 Words  | 5 Pages

    These four studies evaluated the use of marine protected areas (MPAs) as the primary tool for conservation efforts. Within Fox’s study he identifies four components that increase a MPA’s effectiveness, all of which focus on bringing together the goals of the governing bodies involved, as well those of the locals who rely on the marine systems in question for resources. The research presented by Edgar and his team presents similar findings as they identify five factors that have shown to increase the success of MPAs after they studied 87 different MPA locations. In addition to identifying the key factors that contribute to MPA success, they also identify some factors that lead to MPA failure. Halpern’s study focuses on the limitations of MPA networks and the broader scope issues that need to also be addressed in order to for MPAs to be truly effective. Halpern and his team suggest that an EBM approach may be the best solution for addressing these issues. Chuenpagdee’s research also highlights the challenges and issues surrounding the implementation of effective MPAs. The study included an in-depth look into four case studies that focused on the design stages of MPAs, and the social issues that must be taken into consideration, and how the incorporation of local communities into management efforts could lead to increases in MPA network success and sustainability. The compilation of data presented in these studies, all highlight the fact that nations are increasing the number of MPAs, in order to reach international goals of conservation, however even if the global area goals of protection are met, it is clear that the success of these protected areas will be heavily dependent upon the socioeconomic issues surrounding the impacted ...

    Read More

  • Unsustainable Fishing Practices: Impact on Coral Reefs

    1671 Words  | 4 Pages

    Coral reef fisheries make up a large source of livelihood on Earth. In conclusion, to preserve the rich biodiversity of coral reef ecosystems and avoid robbing future generations of the ecosystem services coral reefs provide, the development of new, sustainable fishing methods and discontinuation of overfishing is necessary in order for coral reefs to survive.

    Read More

  • Unilever Strategy and Strategic Decision-making Process

    2962 Words  | 6 Pages

    Recklies, D (2001) ‘The value chain’, Recklies Management Project GmbH, http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/fisheries/docs/ValueChain.pdf accessed 12 Jan 2014

    Read More

  • Oceans in Crisis

    1833 Words  | 4 Pages

    Overfishing is the most major problem related to oceans, but it is also the most overlooked. Fishing has been going on for thousands of years, and fish have always been seen as a renewable resource, that would replenish itself forever for our benefit. But around the world there is evidence that fish are not recove...

    Read More

  • Marine Life Extinction Essay

    1941 Words  | 4 Pages

    The first cause of the marine extinction is coming from over-fishing and commercial fishing. According to Marine Extinction and Conservation, commercial fishing has

    Read More

  • Final Essay

    1475 Words  | 3 Pages

    Lotze, Heike K., Marta Coll, Anna M. Magera, Christine Ward-Paige, and Laura Airoldi. "Recovery of Marine Animal Populations and Ecosystems." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 26.11 (2011): 595-605. Print.

    Read More

More about The Consequences of Overfishing

Open Document