Community crime prevention programs play a vital role across the world in regards to the “community” style of police service. These types of programs heavily involve participating members of the community along with the police to achieve community and police oriented goals to improve the quality of life for all members of the community.
The Bureau of Justice Assistance states community crime prevention programs are based several factors such as program focus, program rationale, community race, and community financial composition. The BJA also states community participation is key for a programs success. Community members must be active to identify problems and brainstorm solutions to these issues. Community crime prevention techniques listed by the BJA include: community policing, neighborhood watches, comprehensive programs (i.e. Weed and Seed), and Ad hoc law enforcement activities (BJA, 2014).
This research paper will focus on a number of community crime prevention programs; including the program’s goals, how the program is executed, and effectiveness of the program. By the end of the paper, readers should gain knowledge of community crime prevention programs and relate to how the programs assist their communities involving relationships between police and citizens, improving the quality of the community, and overall crime prevention in the community.
Neighborhood watch is one of the most popular and widely used community crime prevention programs in the world. It is estimated that around 41% of United States neighborhood watch programs cover neighborhoods. Neighborhood watch originated out of Seattle, Washington and then spread continuously throughout the United States and United Kingdom (Bennett, Holloway, Farrington, 2...
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Jan Roehl, Dennis P. Rosenbaum, Sandra K. Costello, James R. Coldren, Jr., Amie M. Schuck, Laura Kunard, and David R. Forde (2008) Paving the Way for Project Safe Neighborhoods: SACSI in 10 U.S. Cities. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice.
Spergel and S. Grossman (1997) The Little Village Project: A community approach to the gang problem. Social Work 42: 456-470.
Sherman, L. (n.d.). Communities and Crime Prevention . NCJRS. Retrieved April 29, 2014, from https://www.ncjrs.gov/works/chapter3.htm
What Are Community-Based Crime Prevention Programs?. (n.d.). BJA Center for Program Evaluation and Performance Measurement. Retrieved April 28, 2014, from https://www.bja.gov/evaluation/program-crime-prevention/cbcp1.htm
Sampson, R. J., Raudenbush, S., & Earls, F. (1997). Neighborhoods and Violent Crime: A Multilevel Study of Collective Efficacy.
Burglaries, robberies, and shootings, all of which may leave victims or innocent bystanders severely hurt or dead, are now frequent enough to concern all urban and many suburban residents. Living in a dangerous environment places young people at risk of falling victim to such malicious and aggressive behavior observed and learned from others. Social institution such as education, family, religion, peer groups, etc., play a major role in the influence of crime in the urban neighborhoods that Anderson describes. As said in the essay, "although almost everyone in poor inner-...
U.S. Department of Justice. Best Practices to Address Community Gang Problems: OJJDP’s Comprehensive Gang Model. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 2008.
Why are some neighborhoods more prone to experience violent episodes than others? What is the extent and in what sociologically measurable ways do communities contribute to the causation and prevention of crime in their neighborhoods? Are neighborhood-level predictors adequate to explain differences in violent crime rates in the respective communities? These are some of the questions addressed by this statistically intense paper published in Science 1997, by Sampson, Raudenbush and Earls.
1). Community policing is a tool that helps local law enforcement solve Part 1 violent crimes such as “murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, theft, and auto theft”, and other public safety problems (Houston Police Department, 2014). The philosophy of community oriented policing not only provides a framework for citizens to collaborate with local law enforcement, but it also assists state and federal agencies as well (Docobo,
...e of the risk for offenders or reducing the attractiveness of potential targets has the great impact on criminal and disorder activities. According to the authors these approaches are part of the interventions of hot spot because they include things like razing abandoned buildings and cleaning up graffiti. However, the increase of misdemeanor arrests of offenders contribute to the crime control in hot spot but not as much situational efforts does (Braga and bond 2008). Authors stated that situational crime prevention strategies are essential for addressing crime in hot spots rather than the aggressive order maintenance of arrests in high disorder places. In other words, if police officers only make arrest in hot spot this will not effectively reduce crime because they need to develop a more complex approach to deal with high crime areas ( Braga & Weisburd , 2010).
Problem-oriented policing and community-oriented policing will continue to focus on finding and implementing ways to make policing more effective in our community. Therefore as researches continue to ask the question, is community-oriented policing and problem-oriented policing effective or ineffective in reducing disorder, fear of crime and the crime rate? The results has shown that despite few eligible studies, a significant amount of studies have shown that both community and problem-oriented policing approach can be effective, as well as, ineffective.
Community policing has emerged since the 1970s as an increasingly important strategy for controlling and preventing crime and enhancing community safety. It is both a philosophy and an organizational strategy that allows the police and the community to work closely together in creative ways to solve the problems of crime, drugs, fear of crime, physical and social disorder, neighborhood decay, and the overall quality of life in the community. Community policing is difficult to define. Although it does not have a single definition, there are many elements of community policing.
Community policing is a strategy used by various departments in order to create and maintain a relationship between the law enforcement agency and the community being patrolled. Community policing is composed of three critical components, community partnerships, organizational transformation, and problem solving (Gardiner, 154, 2016). Community partnerships are pivotal in community policing since they increase public trust and create am improved relationship in law enforcement agencies better serving the community (Gardiner, 87, 2016). These partnerships not only offer public input but also encourage the public to cooperate with law enforcement agencies in order to minimize crime within the community (Gardiner, 88, 2016). Unlike, the traditional strategies of policing, community orientated policing has been adopted by two-thirds of agencies in order to improve public safety and control crime. (Gardiner, 148, 2016).
Statistics show that school-based programs as well as community-based prevention programs minimize gang involvement. School-based programs address substance abuse and violence, which reduces the risk factors for gang involvement. For example, in the article “What Can Schools Do to Prevent Gang Involvement,” by Gary D. Gottfredson, he states, “universal programs in kindergarten through secondary school, which [is a] rewarding educational environment im...
There are many different ways of policing in the 21st century and all address and apply different theories and ideas to try and control the crime this day in age. One of these methods is called community policing and many law enforcement agencies around our country and the world use it as a model for policing and interacting with communities. Community policing is based on the belief that policing agencies should partner with communities with the goals to prevent or reduce the amount of crime in those areas (Pollock, 2012 p. 99). There are 3 main aspects of community policing that I will talk about in this paper and they are community partnerships, organizational transformation, and problem solving. After hearing about the
The key aspects to community policing involve having officers working in permanent neighborhoods, the involvement of citizens to identify problems and have potential solutions, and the reliance on agencies to help locate issues. The cornerstone of the program is the citizen interaction with the police. It is reported that communities that receive community policing funds have reduced levels of violent and property crimes, also has a greater number of arrests. Successful partnership helps with the reduction of gang and drug activities, area crime rate, and the improvement of the relationship between law enforcement and
Otero, Juan. “Curbing street gang violence,” National League of Cities. 21 Dec 1998. General Reference Center Gold. Jan 2007
National Center for Victims of Crime. (2001). Primary crime prevention. Retrieved December 2, 2013, from http://www.safetycops.com/crime_prevention.htm
Community policing is a law enforcement strategy that encourages interactive partnerships between law enforcement agencies and the people they serve (Berlin, Michael M. "Encyclopedia of Community Policing and Problem Solving.") These partnerships help communities find solutions to problems with collaborative problem solving and improved public trust. Through this model, the public plays a role in prioritizing public safety problems (Berlin, Michael M. "Encyclopedia of Community Policing and Problem Solving.")