The word genocide was coined by a Polish-Jewish lawyer known by the name of Raphael Lemkin, he generated the word genocide by incorporating the Greek word for tribe or race geno- along with the Latin word for killing or murdering cide-. The reason Lemkin sought out to create the term genocide was because he wanted to describe the Nazis structured system of murder during the Holocaust. The definition of genocide is, the deliberate and systematic extermination of a national, racial, political, or cultural group. Targets of genocide are typically the weak and the minorities, they are easy to hold responsible for the problems of the nation or the world. The initial “modern” genocide occurred in medieval Europe when heretics were massacred during the Albigensian Crusade, this all happened during the 13th century. Genocide leaves lasting impacts on a society such as: death, violence, disease, disability, poverty, loss of dignity, and a long term health impact; furthermore, genocide must be discontinued, not only because the effects it leaves on the people, but also because of the effects it leaves on the nation.
A crusade is a planned military expedition carried out by Christians to recover the Holy Land with the use of blunt force. The Albigensian Crusade, which ended 785 years ago, is what today's historians call the first modern genocide. It began in 1209, and was declared by Pope Innocent Ⅲ due to his concern with the increasing influence of Catharism. Although before he declared war, Pope Innocent Ⅲ sent Domingo de Guzmán to promote orthodox Christianity. Domingo had a small amount of success in converting the Cathars, in response the Church made the decision of using blunt force; furthermore, they either convert or die. This las...
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...thing as too much cost to stop genocide. No matter how much money it takes or how many lives of military personnel the cost will never be too much to stop genocide.
Works Cited
http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10007043 http://www.genocidewatch.org/genocide/whatisit.html http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10007095 http://www.halexandria.org/dward220.htm http://www.cathar.info/1206_crusade.htm http://listverse.com/2013/05/03/10-atrocious-genocides-in-human-history/ http://remember.org/educate/medexp.html http://www.unitedhumanrights.org/genocide/genocide_in_rwanda.htm http://www.rwandanstories.org/genocide/hate_radio.html http://www.un.org/en/preventgenocide/rwanda/about/bgpreventgenocide.shtml http://www.genocidewatch.org/howpreventgenocideic.html
http://www.atg.wa.gov/teenconsumer/rights_and_responsibilities/selective_service.htm
The eminent historian Jonathan Riley-Smith defines ‘crusade’ as “holy war fought against those perceived to be the external or internal foes of Christendom for the recovery of Christian property”. This would suggest that the Crusades were primarily an endeavour intended to promote Christian expansionism through the acquisition of both territory and religious converts. However the Crusades can also be interpreted as a means for independent Christian rulers to demonstrate their piety, amass wealth through loot and enhance their prestige; all of which would be beneficial to the rule of their own territories. In addition to this, the Crusades were intended as a defensive measure in
The Crusades were an outlet for the intense religious tension between the Muslims and the church which rose up in the late 11th century. This all started because the church and the Catholics wanted the Holy Lands back from the Muslims. Around this time the church was the biggest institute and people were god-fearing. Pope Gregory VII wanted to control more lands and wanted to get back the lands that they had lost to the Muslims (Medieval Europe). So in order to get back these lands he launched The Crusades which he insisted to the peasants was a holy war instead.
The Crusades were great military missions embarked on by the Christian nations of Europe for the purpose of rescuing the Jerusalem and the Holy Land from the hands of the Moslems. The Crusades were considered Holy Wars (1). Their main target was the Moslems not the Jews, although campaigns were also waged against pagan Slavs, Jews, Russian and Greek orthodox Christians, Mongols, Cathars, Hussites, Waldensians Old Prussians, and political enemies of the popes (2). There were many Crusades some more significant than others, but in general the Crusades was an important event in the history of Medieval Europe.
Genocide: The deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular group or nationality. When people think of this forbidding word, their mind immediately flashes to images of concentration camps and Adolf Hitler’s army raising their arms, saluting to swastikas used during the Holocaust in WWII. But what people don’t realize is that genocide is not such a rarity. Thousands, even millions of civilians die each time genocide strikes. Genocides have been committed since the beginning of humanity, but three massacres since Hitler’s reign left the world shocked again at its own cruelty.
The Crusades were a call to action from the Roman Catholic Church to go and free the Holy Land, Jerusalem, from other religious groups living there, such as the Muslim and Jewish people. At the time, The Church played an influential role in every aspect of a person’s life, and people looked to The Church to see how they should act. The Crusades were motivated by ideas of wealth, Heaven, and power. People were promised all of those things by The Church and Pope Urban II. According to Document B, the Crusaders treated the Jewish people and other groups harshly. These cruel actions led to bad relationships between The Church and other groups. The Crusades introduced a new way of living for the Europeans. After the Crusades, Europeans began to trade with the areas of the Holy Land. The Europeans wanted the new goods they had been introduced to, such as spices, sugar, and silk. The Crusades were caused by power and religious reasons, and they changed the European trade system and their interactions with other groups.
The word genocide was derived from the Greek root genos (people) and the Latin root cide (killing), and did not exist in the English language until 1944, which was the end of World War II (Power). According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, genocide is “the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group.” Such violence occurred during the Holocaust and during the separation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The problems of ethnic cleansing and repression have become so prevalent in the last century that they have contributed to two world wars, over fourteen million deaths, and a new word. United Nations Secretary-General, Ban Ki-moon, said, “Far from being consigned to history, genocide and its ilk remain a serious threat. Not just vigilance but a willingness to act are as important today as ever.”
Definition: The medieval "Crusade" was a holy war. In 1095, Pope Urban II proclaimed the First Crusade with the goal of restoring Christian access to holy places in Jerusalem.
The crusades refer to the military campaigns by the Roman Catholic Christians mostly motivated by a religious factor between the 11th and 16th centuries BC, largely against the Muslims. In 1095, Pope Urban initialized the first crusade aiming at restoring the access of the Holy Lands near Jerusalem to the Christians (Essaycamp, n.d).
The crime of genocide is one of the most devastating human tragedies throughout the history. And the word genocide refers to an organised destruction to a specific group of people who belongs to the same culture, ethnic, racial, religious, or national group often in a war situation. Similar to mass killing, where anyone who is related to the particular group regardless their age, gender and ethnic background becomes the killing targets, genocide involves in more depth towards destroying people’s identity and it usually consists a fine thorough plan prearranged in order to demolish the unwanted group due to political reasons mostly. While the term genocide had only been created recently in 1943 by Raphael Lemkin, a Polish-Jewish legal scholar, from the ancient Greek word “genos” meaning race and the Latin word “cide” meaning killing , there are many examples of genocide like events that occurred before the twentieth century. And this new term brings up the question as whether genocide is a contemporary description defined through current perspectives towards the crime act or is it just a part of the inevitable human evolutionary progress caused by modernity.
The Crusades were holy wars with the goal of securing Jerusalem for Christian control, rather than Muslim control. After Pope Urban II gave a legendary speech in 1095, Christendom was galvanized into retaking the holy land, Jerusalem. People were so excited to conquest, that a large force, consisting mostly of peasants, could not wait to assist the main force that Pope Urban II was organizing. This impoverished, poorly prepared force attempted to march to Jerusalem. This group would lead what was to be called the People’s Crusade (Murray). This movement was an unadulterated disaster of epic proportions. These peasants pillaged towns of their own and towns of their allied countries, then attacked supporting guards
The crusades were a bunch of attacks led by the Pope during the middle ages. It started out with Muslims conquering two thirds of Christian lands. In response to this the pope put together 100,000 men to reconquer the lands. The Christians reclaimed a lot of lost land such as, Mesopotamia, Persia, Spain, and more, eventually making small kingdom in them. One of the small kingdoms fell in the hands of the Muslims, and the Christians started the second crusade trying to reclaim the land. The crusade failed resulting in Muslim reign. Many crusades were fought after that, but most of them where not that successful. Even though the Crusades were very bloody and inhuman, I believe that crusades had a major impact in a good way to the world back then and even today.
In 1095, Pope Urban II called the first crusade. Happening between 1096 and 1099, the first crusade was both a military expedition and a mass movement of people with the simple goal of reclaiming the Holy Lands taken by the Muslims in their conquests of the Levant. The crusade ended with the capture of Jerusalem in July 1099. However, there has been much debate about whether the First Crusade can be considered an ‘armed pilgrimage’ or whether it has to be considered as a holy war. This view is complicated due to the ways in which the Crusade was presented and how the penitential nature of it changed throughout the course of the Crusade.
Personally, when I first heard the term genocide, the first picture that came up to my mind was the picture of the German dictator Hitler. Hitler hated Jews and saw them as the reason behind every disaster in the world. In his biography on Hitler, Schramm wrote that there is a theory explaining the reasons behind Hitler’s hatred towards Jews, he said t...
Genocide is the intentional killing of groups with the purpose of eliminating the existence of the group. The term "genocide" was created in 1944 to describe the systematic elimination of Jews under the Nazi regime. The word combines the Greek suffix, "geno-", meaning race, and "-cide", meaning "killing". According to Article II of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide, genocide refers to the following acts that are meant to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group by causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group (directly or through actions causing death), deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part; imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group (e.g. forced sterilization), or forcibly transferring children (persons under the age of 14 years) of the group to another group. Article III of the convention defines "genocide, the conspiracy to commit genocide, direct and public incitement to commit genocide, attempt to commit genocide, and complicity in genocide" as punishable acts. The United Nations General Assembly adopted the he Genocide Convention on 9 December 1948, and the Convention was commenced on 12 January 1951. The Genocide Convention has been ratified by over 130 nations and over 70 nations have made provisions for the punishment of genocide in domestic criminal law. Article 6 of the 1998 Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court includes the content of Article II of the Genocide Convention as a crime. (http://www.genocidewatch.org/genocide/whatisit.html)
The first definition is the organized killing of people because of their membership in a group (Rummel). Also, genocide is often thought of to be one of the most heinous moral injustices a government can inflict on it’s people or territory. To continue, the UHCG (Convention on the Prevention and punishment of the Crime of Genocide) has said that a genocide is, “the intention to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group” (Rummel). Finally, another definition, which is also called a democide, is “any intentional government murder of unarmed and helpless people for people for whatever reason”