Early scientists were the easiest to describe the gaseous state. The gaseous state first began to be described during late 1662. The gaseous state led to many mathematical equations and formulas that can be applied to all, if not most, gases. In this essay many topics will be discussed. My main focus will include some properties of gases, and explain how the behaviors of gases differ as variables are included.
Gases surround us humans every single day. Many times we overlook gases because it is not something we pay very close attention to. The Earth's atmosphere is what keeps up alive and living each day. The atmosphere is one of the most valuable gas samples to us humans because it contains so many gases. Gases are what help us live every day. To understand the full concept of gases you must understand the properties of gas and their relationships between them.
The behavior of gases varies. As the temperature of gases increase the velocity also increases. The gas particles move in a rapid continuous motion. The particles collide with each other and the container. Because each particle collides with each other or the container they constantly continue to move in different directions. Gas particles will only travel for a small amount because they will eventually collide again.
The general properties of gas vary also. There are three main properties. The first property is that gases are easy to compress. Gases are separated with no set arrangement which makes the gases easily compressible. A gas will always fit into a container. It does not matter what the shape or size is. This is only possible because gas does not contain a definite shape or volume. When gases are compressed to a certain point or temperature, they then ent...
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... around to fit your needs and find what variable is missing I the equation. There are many other ways that you can calculate the variables but the equation given above would be considered the easiest and fastest way for solving for an unknown variable.
Some concepts of the gas state take time to fully understand. Provided in this essay were: the properties of gases and how the behavior changes as the variable does. Also included in the essay was the gas laws and Kinetic Molecular Theory. Each postulate was given to be able to fully grasp and understand. Some postulates were given into more detail while other postulates are more self-explanatory. From the information given you can determine the definition and effect of each but some people may wish to take this into more detail. If you wish to do so I have provided some of the sources used while typing this essay.
The range of application of the original Boltzmann equation has grown way beyond just dealing with a rarefied gas with one constituent and as a result, several generalizations of the Boltzmann equation have been developed and this includes the reactive Boltzmann
The comparison between the vapour compression and vapour absorption systems are given in Table 1
Thermodynamics is the study of work, heat, and the energy of a system (NASA, 2010). To help explain in more detail the properties of thermodynamics are the laws of thermodynamics. The first law explains that a system’s internal energy can be increased by adding energy to the system or by doing work on the system (Serway & Vuille, 2012). An internal energy system is the sum of both its kinetic and potential energies. The first law more simply states that the change in internal energy of a system is caused by an exchange of energy across the system, typically in the form of heat, or by doing work on the system. This relationship can be represented by the equation:
Faraday's work on the liquefaction of gases came at a time when the Royal Institution was experiencing lean times and researchers had been forced to turn their attention towards the commercial aspects of science in order to survive. In between working on steel for surgical instruments and improving the manufacture of glass for optics, Faraday continued his research. After fruitlessly heating gases in an attempt to liquefy them, Faraday chan...
Air pressure can be defined as the impact air has against all the surfaces the molecules of air touches, and is measured in Pascals – one Newton per square
Thermodynamics is defined as “the study of heat transfer and its relationship to doing work.” Specifically, it is a field of physics that has to do with “the transfer of energy from one place to another or from one form to another” (Drake P.1). Heat acts as a form of energy that equates to a total amount of work. Heat was recognized as a form of energy around the year 1798. Count Rumford (Sir Benjamin Thompson), a British military engineer, observed that “numerous amounts of heat could be generated in the boring of cannon barrels” (Drake P.1), which is where a cannon’s firing port is enlarged using a drill and immense amounts of heat to make the metal malleable. He also observed that “the work done in turning a blunt boring tool was proportional
Helium has an atomic number of 2. It is has no color, no odor, or no taste. It is also an inert monatomic gas. It is the first of the noble gases on the periodic table. It’s melting and boiling points are the lowest among all elements and only exists as a gas except in extreme conditions.
Thermodynamics is the branch of science concerned with the nature of heat and its conversion to any form of energy. In thermodynamics, both the thermodynamic system and its environment are considered. A thermodynamic system, in general, is defined by its volume, pressure, temperature, and chemical make-up. In general, the environment will contain heat sources with unlimited heat capacity allowing it to give and receive heat without changing its temperature. Whenever the conditions change, the thermodynamic system will respond by changing its state; the temperature, volume, pressure, or chemical make-up will adjust accordingly in order to reach its original state of equilibrium. There are three laws of thermodynamics in which the changing system can follow in order to return to equilibrium.
Next Dalton’s law of partial pressure is used. The mixture of gas in the graduated cylinder was filled with two things: water vapor and air. Using the Dalton’s law, it can be concluded that the total pressure is equal to the pressure of air and the pressure of water vapor added together. This is an endothermic reaction which means that it absorbs heat, and when a reaction gains heat, it is repres...
Since the days of Aristotle, all substances have been classified into one of three physical states. A substance having a fixed volume and shape is a solid. A substance, which has a fixed volume but not a fixed shape, is a liquid; liquids assume the shape of their container but do not necessarily fill it. A substance having neither a fixed shape nor a fixed volume is a gas; gases assume both the shape and the volume of their container. The structures of gases, and their behavior, are simpler than the structures and behavior of the two condensed phases, the solids and the liquids
Rowlinson, J.S. “James Joule, William Thomson and the Concept of a Perfect Gas.” The Royal
Air is composed of molecules. Air is matter. It has mass and takes up space. Air is composed of different gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases. Air molecules are in constant motion. As they move, they come in contact with surfaces. Air molecules push and press on the surfaces they contact. The amount of force per unit area that air molecules exert on a surface is called air pressure. (What is Air Pressure 6) Air pressure is caused by all of the air molecules in the Earth's atmosphere pressing down on the Earth's surfaces. We can measure air pressure to help us predict weather conditions around the world. Temperature also affects air pressure because air contracts when it cools and expands when it is heated. So if air above a region of Earth cools, it does not extend to as high an altitude as the surrounding air. In this case, its pressure at higher temperature is lower than in the surroundings even when the pressure at the surface is the same as in surrounding areas. Then air flows into the cooler region at high altitude, making the total weight of air above the region greater than in the surroundings. This is a "high". The cool air descends to the earth's surface. Near the surface, the falling air spreads out,
All sounds come from vibrations causing sound waves. Sound waves will travel better through solids and liquids than they will gas.
The atmosphere is an open system that consists of a gaseous mixture enveloping a planet (Answers.com). These gasses, known as air, include O2, N2 and H2O. The atmosphere is also composed of water, ice and dust particles. Atmosphere functions like a blanket, keeping Earth's heat from escaping into space (Lenkeit). It has also been compared to a greenhouse: like glass it lets short wave insulation inside, but keeps most of long wave ground radiation from going out (Lenkeit).