A cell phone is a device that enables us to communicate with our friends and families. It enables us to receive radio links that is moving around a wide environment area. Nowadays there are millions of users all over the world who uses the phone. The first to invent phone was Martin Cooper in 1970’s. Nowadays phones are so advanced that it is used in many different ways. People use for downloading apps, playing games, texting people, calling friends etc. When we talk over the phone many types of radiation are given out like microwave radio waves etc.
There are two main types of radiation, ionizing and non-ionizing. The ionizing radiation is the energy is carried out by several types of particle rays (electromagnetic radiation), which is given off by the radioactive material, X-ray machines, and nuclear reaction. These energy bump electrons out of the molecules with which they interact, therefore creating ions.
The non- ionizing radiation, such as the release by a laser, us different because it does not create ions when it interacts with matter but evaporates energy generally form of heat.
The three main types of ionizing radiation are alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays.
An alpha ray particle consists of two protons and two neutrons and it is identical to the nucleus of helium atom. An alpha particle has a shortage range (several centimeters) in air and cannot overrun the outer layer of skin.
The other one is beta particles that can be either be negative(negatron) or positive (positron).Negatrons are identical to electrons and originate in the nucleus of an atom that undergoes radioactive decay by changing a neutron into a proton. A positron is released from an atom that decays by changing a proton into a n...
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... report have used websites such as org because all the information there are reliable and the answers cannot be changed
Evaluation
I have used org or edu for most of my searches because those websites are reliable and the information on it cannot be changed or edited. Whereas if I had used wiki or com my answers would not have been reliable because answers on those websites can be edited or changed. After doing this research I have found out how much harm can cell phones do to us and how does it affect us in our daily lives. Nowadays, even small children are able to use the phones; they are able to operate it without being taught. But it is not taken from them it can cause them a great effect. Also the cell phones give out radiations when they are in use and that affects us in many ways. I now know how the cell phones work and what type of radiation it gives out.
Heat and x-rays are an example of radiation. A type of non-ionizing radiation is radiofrequency radiation. (Cancer 1) If radiofrequency radiation is engrossed in large amounts of materials containing water and food it can produce heat. This can lead to burns, tissue damage, and harm DNA cells. Heat is the main effect of exposure to radiofrequency. (Cancer 2)
Pierre and Marie hypothesised that radioactive particles cause atoms to break down, then release radiation that forms energy and subatomic particles.
The definition of radiation is the emission of energy electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles that cause ionization. One of the scientist who discovered radiation was Henri Becquerel, the way the French scientist discovered radioactivity was when we was conducting an experiment with uranium-bearing crystals to sun light, then put it on a photographic plate, he then had set off his experiment for a few days because it was very cloudy and the sun wasn’t shining so Henri put the sample uranium and the plate the same sealed drawer. When he went to get the uranium and photographic plate, Becquerel then discovered that the crystals left a clear image on the photographic plate, Henri wondered how that could happen because there was no energy to produce the image but Henri then discovered that a piece of mineral which contained uranium could produce its image on a photographic plate without light, Henri realized that it was radioactivity. Ernest Rutherford among his many accomplishments one of them were the way he took part in radioactivity by...
Millions of people around the world use cell phones on a daily basis and people hardly realize the terminal risks. Cell phones may seem completely harmless, but they actually emit radio waves that can be hazardous towards the human body. Each time someone makes a call or receives a call, a type of cancerous radiation is given off by the cell phone in order for the user to communicate with the person on the other side of the line. Since the amount of cell phone users has rose rapidly, more people are being exposed to this kind of radiation. As cell phones undergo advancements, people are starting to use them more often, leading to an increase in the amount and length of calls each day. Some believe that these radio waves do no such harm to your body due to the radiation wave being weak but in reality, exposure to any kind of radiation is never safe. Radio waves might not affect the human body immediately, but after a long period of time the effects are bound to reveal. Cell phones can increase the risk of cancer because its radiation affects brain cells, causes tumors, and is hazardously absorbed by the tissues in the body.
Unstable atomic nuclei will suddening begin to decompose to form a nuclei with a higher stability. This decomposition process is called radioactivity. The energy and particles which are released durig the decomposition process are called radiation. When an unstable nuclei decomposes in nature, the process is referred to as natural radioactivity. When an unstable nuclei is prepared in the laboratory the decomposition is called induced radioactivity.
Radiation has always been in everyday life even before Roentgen discovered x-ray. The mountains give off natural radiation, other forms of radiation are coal burning power plants, x-rays from a TV, and an airplane ride. The average dose from background radiation is about 360 mrem every year. There are two types of radiation, nonionizing and ionizing radiation. Examples of nonionizing radiation are microwaves and radio waves broadcasting. Ionizing radiation refers to gamma and x-rays. Ionizing radiation means that the rays are able to remove an electron from the atom then ions can be formed. The ions can cause damage when reacting with other atoms. Cells are able to be repaired if low dose are received. However, if cells get a high dose, the cells will be damaged or possibly die. If the cell is damaged permanently then it is referred to as a mutated cell.
Gamma radiation is produced by interactions within the nucleus, while X-rays are produced outside of the nucleus by electrons. There are officially two types of ionizing radiation that are energetic
“Alpha decay (4x2) is a radioactive process in which a particle with two neutrons and two protons is ejected from the nucleus of a radioactive atom.” The mass number is decreased by four and the atomic number is decreased by two. “Beta decay (e-) occurs when, in a nucleus with too many protons or too many
Radiation occurs when radioactive elements break apart. Radiation is very dangerous because it damages living things. There are three types of radiation, these are alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays. They are the first three letters of the Greek alphabet: alpha (a), beta (β), and gamma (ϒ). These particles and rays are produced by radioactive elements. Alpha particles are made of 2 protons and two neutrons that have separated from the nucleus, they are positively charged. Beta particles are usually made of one electron and a neutron, and have a negative charge. Gamma rays are a different sort of radiation. They are made of a stream of tiny particles called photons. Photons include the same particles that make up rays of light and are packets of energy. Gamma rays are very dangerous because they carry a lot more energy than the light people can see but are still invisible. Also released by radioactive elements are X-rays, they are similar to gamma rays but contain less energy.
Cell phones use radio frequencies to transmit signals. Radio Frequencies (RF) are a form of electrical waves similar to those used in radios, microwaves, radars or satellite stations. They are emitted from a transmitter, and received using an antenna. This telephony technology is restricted geographically to small zones called “Cells”. Every cell has a base station capable of sending and receiving radio waves. When a call is started a signal leaves the handheld unit headed to the closest base station. This station answers by allocating a specific channel to the unit. When this “channel” is established, modulated radio frequency signals are both received and transmitted. The head of the user is in the near field of use because the distance from the antenna to the head is a few centimeters. (Blettner & Berg 2000) If the antenna is inside the body of the phone, the exposure to Radio Frequencies is greater. The antenna might be requesting a stronger signal to contest with the interference of the battery or the actual shell of the phone’s body.
Beta radiation/emission – Beta particles are electrons (0-1e) that have been released from the nucleus of a radioactive atom when a neutron decays into a proton and electron. Beta decay/emission happens when the neutron to proton ratio is too high due to excess neutrons. 10n 11p + 0-1e (mass is still conserved as well as number of protons.)
To conclude i would like to say that regulatory agencies have concluded cell phones are safe, cell phone radiation is non-ionizing and studies indicate that there are long term risks but we need more data on intense sustained usage, and cell phones can be used more safely by only using them when signal strength is strong and the transmitter doesn’t have to transmit as much energy.
The energy in ionizing radiation can cause chemical changes in the the cells that can lead to damaging them. Most of the cells can either permanently or temporarily become abnormal or they can just die. Radiation can cause cancer by damaging the DNA in the body. The damage of the cells can also depend on how long the organs are exposed (environmental protection agency, 2017, unknown). If someone has many exposures at one time that radiation in the body keeps adding on. As well as if its only a little bit of exposure in on day and years later you get exposed again it keeps adding on the radiation will never leave the body. Having radiation in your body doesn’t affect you right away but as you get older it starts to show and you feel it. Chronic exposure is when someone is exposed many time for long periods. When this happens the type of effects it will carry is having harmful generic change, cancer, tumors, and even cataracts. Partial health effects can also depend on if it was internal or external exposure. Internal exposure is when either by drinking, breathing, eating and even an injection cause radiation to get inside your body. External exposure is when taking an x-ray out of your body and letting it go through letting all the energy go as it goes in (environmental protection agency, 2017, unknown). In the dental world radiation gets into the patients when we take x-rays on there teeth. In order to avoid to much radiation on them we put a lead apron on them and make sure to cover their thyroid which is the most common way of getting cancer when taking an x-ray. When we take the x-ray we stand behind a wall at least 6 feet away to avoid ourself from getting
The process of changing of unstable nucleus into another element is called transmutation.The above phenomenon is called Radioactivity.
Cell phones are one of the greatest inventions in the world. We can imagine how life would be without cell phones. Cell phones are very handy; it can make our communication easier. Also cell phones can provide us with everything, like relaxing with music, browsing the internet, chatting on social networking sites or playing games. Unfortunately cell phones are not risk free. Using cell phones involve emission of EMR electromagnetic radiation, which is a dangerous sort of energy wave, is produce by modern appliances that surround us in everyday lives. The worst causes of EMR are cell phones. These days especially children are getting addicted to cell phones. When you are talking on your phone, there are microwaves going through your head. There has been a study on the development of brain tumors and the amount of time you take on the phone due to radio waves. However, people do not realize the consequences and negative effects cell phones cause. It causes diseases and disorders and other harmful damages to our body and health. Nevertheless, cell phones are also not dangerous.