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Major depressive disorder brief description
Major depressive disorder definition essay
What is major depressive disorder essay
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Introduction
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is characterized by the presence of one or more major depressive episodes (MDE) without a history of manic, mixed, or hypomanic episodes. Episodes of substance induced mood disorder and mood disorder due to a general medical condition do not count toward a diagnosis of MDD nor do episodes that may be better accounted for by schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, or psychotic disorder not otherwise specified. A MDE is defined by a period of at least two weeks during which an individual either experiences a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in nearly all activities. Additionally, a diagnosis of a MDE must involve at least four symptoms derived from a list which includes: changes in appetite or weight, sleep, and psychomotor activity; decreased energy, feelings of worthlessness or guilt; difficulty thinking, concentrating, or making decisions; or recurrent thoughts of death or suicidal ideation, plans, or attempts. Over the course of at least two weeks, the symptoms must occur for most of day, nearly every day. Lastly, the MDE must be accompanied by clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other areas of functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2000).
Major Depressive Disorder is one of the most common mental disorders in the United States. It is estimated that each year nearly 7% of adults will experience MDD. MDD affects individuals of all ages and has an average age of onset of 32 years. MDD affects significantly more women than men, with women being 70% more likely to develop MDD than men (Nation Institute of Mental Health, n.d). MDD is of importance to healthcare providers as it is associated with a number of general medi...
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...ack, I realize that this simple action would have helped to further convey my respect for the patient. Another action that I did not perform at the beginning of the interaction was to properly outline the length of the therapeutic relationship. I was successful in outlining the time frame that I hoped to spend conversing with the patient however I failed to mention that I would only on the unit for one day each week. I did share this information with the patient at the end of our conversation however I feel that it would have been more appropriate to divulge this information at the beginning of our conversation. Recognizing both my strengths and weaknesses during my interaction with the patient will help me to make positive changes in the future and further augment my therapeutic communication skills and thus help me to become a caring and competent nurse.
Major depressive disorder is a mood disorder characterized by the DSM-5 of depressed mood and markedly diminished interest or pleasure in nearly all activities occurring nearly every day, for most of the day, as indicated by a subjective self-report or an observational report from others. Individuals who have depression also tend to experience significant weight loss, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation, fatigue and loss of energy, feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt, diminished ability to concentrate, and recurrent thoughts of death. Most people who suffer from depression usually experience major depressive episodes in unipolar major depression, while some others experience both depressive and manic episodes in bipolar
Additionally, the older a person gets the more urgent it is to acquire if one has or is prone to depression, because according to The National Institute of Mental Health, depression, especially in midlife or older adults, can co-occur with other serious medical illnesses, such as diabetes, cancer, heart disease, and Parkinson’s disease, so in turn these conditions are often worse when depression is present. Depression can also cause physical symptoms, because certain brain chemicals or neurotransmitters influence both mood and pain; these symptoms may include joint pain, back pain, gastrointestinal problems, sleep disturbances, and appetite changes and the symptoms may also be accompanied by slowed speech and movements. (“What is Depression?” Page 4.) It is often known that many people will consult with multiple doctors to figure out why their habits and moods have so drastically changed when in fact they can potentially have clinical
Major Depressive Disorder, which is also referred to as Clinical Depression, is a disorder caused when low serotonin levels, that suppress pain perception and are often found in the pineal gland at the center of the brain, promote low levels of norepinephrine, a monoamine neurotransmitter that controls cognitive ability. This disabling disorder interferes with a person’s daily life as it prevents one from performing normal functions, such as eating, sleeping, interacting, or enjoying once pleasurable activities. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, the common symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder are continued feelings of anxiety, worthlessne...
Incidence Prevalence. It is estimated that 5% of the United States (US) population (or approximately 10,000,000 Americans) are impacted by MDD making it the leading cause of disability in the US (Johnson and Vanderhoef 109). Unfortunately, 15% of MDD sufferers will commit suicide (Johnson and Vanderhoef 109). Thus, the importance of understanding MDD its role in mental health is crucial.
Upon the first point of contact between a nurse and patient, the way a nurse communicates through words, gestures or facial expressions can affect the patient's perception of the nurse. Communicating professionally helps to portray the nurse in a good light. This is important as having a positive perception of the nurse's image and behaviour is crucial to building patient trust — one of the key elements of a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship (Bell & Duffy, 2009; Wadell & Skarsater, 2007). The need for the establishment of therapeutic relationship is supported by th...
Furthermore it’s very important not to judge the patient pertaining to what they may have to say. Good communication helps nurses build a relationship with their patient. Linking my personal experience from the clinical area relates to the practical side of nursing. It is necessary for communication between the nurse and the patient to be clear, understandable, appropriate and
When looking back on the event, I can now acknowledge how unprepared, and unsupported, I was when first introduced to Mrs X. There are many barriers to communication that can lead to the message becoming distorted, and I feel my lack of knowledge and understanding, played a big part. Therefore, as mentioned by Lishman (2009) in order to achieve effective communication, it is important to be aware of the physical, psychological, and social barriers, that could affect the communication process. Being able to effectively communicate, is an essential skill in providing person-centred care. Therefore, it involves learning to communicate effectively even when various barriers to communication are
Major Depressive Disorder or MDD is a very common clinical condition that affects millions of people every year. According to the Agency for Health Care Policy & Research, “ depression is under diagnosed & untreated by most medical doctors, despite the fact that it can almost always be treated successfully.
Clinical depression is very common. Over nine million Americans are diagnosed with clinical depression at some point in their lives. Many more people suffer from clinical depression because they do not seek treatment. They may feel that depression is a personal weakness, or try to cope with their symptoms alone. On the other hand, some people are comfortable with admitting their symptoms and seeking help. Such a discrepancy may account for the differences in reported cases of depression between men and women, which indicate that more than twice the numbers of women than men are clinically depressed. According to the numbers of reported cases of depression, 25% of women and 10% of men will have one or more episodes of clinical depression during their lifetimes.
Depression is the most common mental health disorder; it affects over 17 million American adults each year. Depression is a mood disorder characterized by at least four symptoms such as changes in sleep, appetite, weight, and psychomotor activity; decreased energy, feelings of worthlessness or guilt; difficulty thinking, concentrating, or making decisions; or recurrent thoughts of death or suicidal ideation, thoughts or attempts. “Women are approximately two times more likely than men to suffer from major depression” (Research Agenda for Psychosocial and Behavioral Factors in Women’s Health, 1996) and it has been called the most significant mental health risk for women. Women are more likely to suffer from depression during marriage than if single, unlike men who are more likely to suffer depression when single than married, and increases with the number of children in the house (American Psychiatric Association, 1994, p.317). There are many contributing factors to depression in women including but not limited to: hormonal, genetic, infertility, menopause, family responsibilities, gender roles, sexual abuse, work related issues, and financial problems. (National Institute of Mental Health, June 1999). Depression in women is mentally and physically painful but has treatment options available.
I was then introduced to a patient who was in isolation. Her legs were immovable and were crossed in a very uncomfortable position. I wish I could’ve done something so that her legs could be in a more comfortable position, but all I could do was observe and get her a cup of ice cold water to drink. During this clinical observation, I didn’t get to see much but overall, it was a good experience. It made me realize what it was like to be in a hospital setting and what it meant to be a nurse. Seeing how the patients were still able to smile through all the pain they went through, it made me want to become a nurse even more because I would also like to make my patients happy. If I could do one thing differently during this clinical observation, I wish I didn’t ask my senior nurse about what externships she took and instead, I wished I asked her more questions about the patients in order to gain more information about
The introduction paragraph gives information on communication and the impact that it has on patient-nurse relationships. It gives the reader an understanding of what is involved in true communication and how that it is a fundamental part of nursing and skills all nurses need. It leads those interested in delivering quality nursing to read on. Showing us the significance that communication makes in the
The World Health Organization estimates that there are over 350 million people in world who struggle with depression. It is also the leading cause of disability worldwide. Similar to anxiety, depression effects people of all races, ages, and genders however it has been shown that women are more likely to be effected than men. Depression is growing problem. Specifically in America, approximately 17% of adults will suffer through a season of depression at some time in their lives. This rate has been increasing since 1915 and the trend shows that it will continue to do
What is depression? Who are the groups affected by depression? How do people know when they are having signs, and/or symptoms of depression? Depression has numerous signs and symptoms, which means it comes in different shapes and sizes. No one individual is identical when it comes to feeling depressed.
Depression comes in nine forms. The most common form of depression is Major Depression. People experiencing major depression may have symptoms of sadness, irritability, and lack of energy, difficulty concentrating, hopelessness, and changes in eating or sleeping habits. Dysthymia, The primary symptom of Dysthymia is down, or sulky mood that can last for weeks. In adolescents and children, the mood can appear that the patient is agitated more than they appear to be depressed and last up to 1 year. Postpartum Depression, can range from moderate to severe in women that have given birth (htt). Seasonal Affective Disorder, (SAD) is a seasonal form depression that is only present during certain times of the year, most often in the winter. Atypical Depression, is a major depression that has many prominent symptoms, including changes in appetite; which in turn affects weight, sleeping patterns, and many of other symptoms. Psychotic Depression, Individuals with psychotic depression h...