Numerous computer databases today use the Boolean logic as the basics of querying databases. Many computer users imagine that Boolean logic was introduced close to the time when computers were invent. In fact, this genius idea was created by man named George Boole a century before computers were used. It is very helpful to understand the background and theory behind the Boolean logic, because this logic is pragmatic of today’s computer science and information technology “world”.
George Boole was an English mathematician born in an industrial town of Lincoln, England back in 1815. One may say, “Boole was born in the wrong time, in the wrong place, and definitely in the wrong class” (Redshaw). George Boole did not receive formal higher education, but luckily, he was self-taught by his father who possessed a passion for mathematics. At the age of eight Boole outgrew his father’s wings and had shown a natural gift for mathematics and inquisitive for education.
George Boole was the son of John Boole, a cobbler who neglected his business for the interests of mathematics and the application of mathematics in scientific instruments. Because of John’s negligence to his business for mathematics, the decline of his business had a serious effect on his son’s future (Encyclopedia). George was not able to attend the prestigious schools. He first attended school in Lincoln at the age of two. His early instructions for mathematics was taught by his father. He later turned to learning languages from learning languages from a local bookseller to self-taught German and French. His academic strive did not end there. (Stanley) In 1830, peerless Boole at the age of 14, translated a Greek poem printed in a local paper. However the occasion provok...
... middle of paper ...
... operators are the opposite of the way we use these words in our daily life. People who have not been exposed to the theory of Boolean logic may not use the terms properly and the system may not be able to interpret their queries.
(Korfhage, 1997). A study done in Hawaii by Diane Nahl and Violet Harada (Tenopir, 1997) found that students often confused the operators, completely neglected to use them, omitted necessary concepts when using "and," and added unnecessary items in their queries. They believe, however, that Boolean searching may be more precise, if beginners learn to use the system to their advantage. Nahl and Harada recommend teaching "Boolean thinking" and to encourage students to understand how search engines apply Boolean logic (Tenopir, 1997).
Works Cited
http://www.kerryr.net/pioneers/boole.htm
http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/George_Boole.aspx
All of Scheiner’s formal education had come by the teachings of Jesuit establishments, where he learned and believed (like most) of the Aristotelian structure of the cosmos. In his later years, he attended the Society’s University, where, in 1600, he studied mathematics and physics under Johannes Lanz (Reeves, 37). Lanz thought highly of Scheiner, especially in his abilities in the arenas of mathematics and mechanics. Over the next few years, Scheiner began teaching mathematics when he had heard of an artist’s mechanical drawing aid, the pantograph, w...
...onians for are the calendar, units of measurement including length, volume, and weight, the 360 degree circle, knowledge of lunar eclipses, square roots, and exponents. Obviously, the Babylonians were a fascinating people, and studying about them offers many insights into their culture. It is so important for modern people to look back on the contributions of this amazing society and to ponder what can be learned from them and their inventions. Today’s society and mathematical understanding would not be nearly as advanced if it had not been for the Babylonians. The people of today are forever indebted to them. Their achievements in mathematics are astounding to modern minds because we assume that such mathematical concepts are more modern in origin. But the proof is there, on those tablets, the ones baked in the Sun. Math in ancient Babylon was advanced indeed.
by Patrick J. Hurley, tenth edition, 2008 Wadsworth, Cengage Learning used in Introduction to Logic at Mississippi State University, Hurley takes two approaches to logic: Aristotelian (traditional) and Boolean (modern) logic, and how all logic connects to these ideas. (Dumitriu)
Soon after George and his family moved to Ferry Farm, George began his schooling, which consisted of learning to read and write and do arithmetic. Arithmetic was George's favorite subject. He wrote his lessons in ink on heavy paper. His mother then sewed the paper into notebooks. George studied enough history and geography to know many things about the outside world. Altogether George had no more...
It is said that when history looks upon the life of an individual when their time has passed; it is not the dates on the tombstone that define the man but the dash in between. Such was the case in the life of theologian, philosopher and mathematician, Blaise Pascal. Pascal was born on the 19th of June 1623, in Clermont-Ferrand France and died at the age of 39 of tuberculosis on the 19th August 1662 in Paris, but the bulk of his career, his success and life achievement began in his early years. As a young boy, Pascal’s lost his mother and soon afterward his father moved the family, Blaise and his two sisters to Paris. Pascal’s father, Étienne Pascal was a mathematician himself and taught Pascal Latin and Greek, which at the time was considered
No other scholar has affected more fields of learning than Blaise Pascal. Born in 1623 in Clermont, France, he was born into a family of respected mathematicians. Being the childhood prodigy that he was, he came up with a theory at the age of three that was Euclid’s book on the sum of the interior of triangles. At the age of sixteen, he was brought by his father Etienne to discuss about math with the greatest minds at the time. He spent his life working with math but also came up with a plethora of new discoveries in the physical sciences, religion, computers, and in math. He died at the ripe age of thirty nine in 1662(). Blaise Pascal has contributed to the fields of mathematics, physical science and computers in countless ways.
[7] Elmasri & Navathe. Fundamentals of database systems, 4th edition. Addison-Wesley, Redwood City, CA. 2004.
George Polya was born and educated in Budapest Hungry. He enrolled at the University of Budapest to study law but found it to be boring. He then switched his studies to languages and literature, which he found to be more interesting. And in an attempt to better understand philosophy he studied mathematics. He later obtained his Ph.D. in mathematics from Budapest in 1912. He later went on to teach in Switzerland and Brown, Smith, and Stanford Universities in the United States.
...ett, S. (2008) . Young children’s access to powerful mathematical ideas, in English, Lyn D (ed), Handbook of international research in mathematics education, 2nd edn, New York, NY: Routledge, pp. 75-108.
Carl Friedrich Gauss was born April 30, 1777 in Brunswick, Germany to a stern father and a loving mother. At a young age, his mother sensed how intelligent her son was and insisted on sending him to school to develop even though his dad displayed much resistance to the idea. The first test of Gauss’ brilliance was at age ten in his arithmetic class when the teacher asked the students to find the sum of all whole numbers 1 to 100. In his mind, Gauss was able to connect that 1+100=101, 2+99=101, and so on, deducing that all 50 pairs of numbers would equal 101. By this logic all Gauss had to do was multiply 50 by 101 and get his answer of 5,050. Gauss was bound to the mathematics field when at the age of 14, Gauss met the Duke of Brunswick. The duke was so astounded by Gauss’ photographic memory that he financially supported him through his studies at Caroline College and other universities afterwards. A major feat that Gauss had while he was enrolled college helped him decide that he wanted to focus on studying mathematics as opposed to languages. Besides his life of math, Gauss also had six children, three with Johanna Osthoff and three with his first deceased wife’s best fri...
Philosophical approaches, deixis can be as indexical expressions may be usefully approached by considering how truth-conditional semantics deals with certain natural language expression. For example:
Ada Lovelace was the daughter of famous poet at the time, Lord George Gordon Byron, and mother Anne Isabelle Milbanke, known as “the princess of parallelograms,” a mathematician. A few weeks after Ada Lovelace was born, her parents split. Her father left England and never returned. Women received inferior education that that of a man, but Isabelle Milbanke was more than able to give her daughter a superior education where she focused more on mathematics and science (Bellis). When Ada was 17, she was introduced to Mary Somerville, a Scottish astronomer and mathematician who’s party she heard Charles Babbage’s idea of the Analytic Engine, a new calculating engine (Toole). Charles Babbage, known as the father of computer invented the different calculators. Babbage became a mentor to Ada and helped her study advance math along with Augustus de Morgan, who was a professor at the University of London (Ada Lovelace Biography Mathematician, Computer Programmer (1815–1852)). In 1842, Charles Babbage presented in a seminar in Turin, his new developments on a new engine. Menabrea, an Italian, wrote a summary article of Babbage’s developments and published the article i...
.... The dichotomous logic mainly bases on the ranks of the terms. The ranking of the terms makes one become more privileged and the other term becomes the more negative, least important one.
Burton, D. (2011). The History of Mathematics: An Introduction. (Seventh Ed.) New York, NY. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Words that have to do with logic like and, or, not are given symbols like &, V, or an upside down L reversed. The Letters X, Y, Z and so on are commonly used as variables and P, Q, R are used as predicates, properties or relations.