Nitric oxide is a naturally occurring molecule that has many biological and industrial functions. The molecule is made up of one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom. It is considered a free radical, which means it has unpaired valence electrons, making it highly chemically reactive. It is not a very popular molecule in terms of how many people know what it is used for, but it has many subtle, important uses.
Because nitric oxide is a naturally occurring molecule, it has been around since the beginning of time. It was first studied by Joseph Priestly, an 18th century English chemist, who believed nitric oxide was simply a toxic gas. It was not until 1987 when it was discovered that the molecule is produced naturally in our bodies. In 1998, three scientists won the Nobel Peace Prize for discovering how nitric oxide works as a cell-signaling molecule. Nitric oxide has actually been used, in the form of the noni plant, as a cure-all medicine in the Pacific Islands for thousands of years. It was only in the last 20 years when scientists slowly discovered the link between the noni plant and nitric oxide. Many people around the world today use the noni plant as a natural medicine for a variety of health issues, including coughs, diabetes, liver disease, and many more. Some people also take nitric oxide support supplements, which contain arginine, an amino acid that works with an enzyme in our bodies to produce nitric oxide (see "Production"). These supplements aim to support healthy circulation and delivery of oxygen to muscles.
Nitric oxide's most important uses are biological, but it is also used industrially. One of the main biological functions of nitric oxide is its role as a neurotransmitter. It is not the same as traditional neurotransmitters such as serotonin or GABA. NO is a gas that is synthesized by NO synthase only when it is needed. Upon synthesis, it makes blood vessels widen, allowing greater blood flow to parts of the body that need it. Researchers believe that NO is released in blood vessel walls, where it travels to nearby muscle cells and relaxes them, which opens up the blood vessel. It is in this way that NO helps protect the liver from ischemic damage, which is when there is a shortage of blood flow to the liver, resulting in damaged liver cells. Medically, nitric oxide is given to neonatal patients with pulmonary hypertension.
Currently, the United State’s Gulf of Mexico experiences an annual, seasonal “dead zone” as a result of hypoxia. Hypoxia is a low level of dissolved oxygen (<2mg/L) in an area of water. Hypoxia is typically temporary and seasonal, but the low oxygen levels can be devastating to aquatic organisms. Hypoxia occurs in many oceanic waters worldwide, but there is a growing area of concern in our Gulf of Mexico coast. Hypoxia is largely caused by nitrogen fertilizer application for agriculture, with heavy concentrations coming from the Midwestern US. Nitrogen mobilizes as nitrate, and is transported via surface water runoff. The runoff enters tile-drain supported ditches, enters streams and joins the Mississippi river, eventually reaching the gulf. Nitrate mobilization is a problem for human health, and ag. runoff is also often attributed to the contamination of surface and well-water sources in rural areas. High levels of nitrates restrict the ability of red blood cells to carry oxygen. This can harm humans, and is the major cause of infant methemoglobinemia, or “blue baby syndrome”. The safe drinking level standard is 10mg/L.
Her dreams of being a scientist came true as she worked hard to achieve her degree and make startling discoveries. Among her accomplishments she made the discovery of isozymes of kynurenine formamidase in the basterium streptomyces parvulus which, prior to her findings, were known to only exist in higher organisms. Dr. Emeagwali also proved that cancer gene expression could be inhibited by antisense methodology, which she says can lead to better treatment for cancer. She is a well-accredited scientist that many people have never heard of. All fields of science affect the lives of many people, but the inventors are left out.
Ammonium nitrate, on its own, is relatively harmless in regards to explosives. Ammonium Nitrate is a secondary explosive; it requires a primary explosive for detonation. It is able to burn without detonating and can withstand shock in which primary explosives are unable to do When ammonium nitrate is mixed with fuel oil and detonated the results can be catastrophic. The Oklahoma City bombing of 1995 is evidence of the impact of a blast using ammonium nitrate and fuel oil, known as ANFO. Timothy McVeigh parked a van filled with ammonium nit...
It is also interesting to know just how many medical breakthroughs came about by accident. It allows people to realize that, although it should be handled with the utmost care, cut of the edge research is not always cut and dry. This book teaches that it takes true intellect to take what seems like a failure or an accident and instead of abandoning it, reflecting on what has truly happened. Students as well as current researchers should read, study, and take inspiration from this book. It has a lot to teach other than simply the surface of the history of the discoveries it
FACT: Two in three people are affected by ulcers. The more shocking revelation is that almost all of these people do not experience any symptoms (Pearlstein). It is a silent killer. There are two known ways of curing ulcers. One is the traditional way, which is history based and a scientifically proven remedy for ulcers. The other is the industrial way, which is a controversial issue that is scientifically based and historically inefficient. Noni is a naturally occurring plant that is native to the Pacific islands. Noni has been attributed to cure a wide range of medical diseases but not everything is scientifically supported. Noni has a very intriguing chemical composition which makes it the center of studies for most biochemists in today’s world. Noni is much more efficient than Maalox, one of the industrially produced medicines, because it minimizes more lesions, has fewer side effects, and can be utilized for a long period of time.
Aldosterone is in a class of hormones called mineralocorticoids which is also produced by the adrenal glands. The main functions of aldosterone are to help to maintain blood pressure and helping the kidneys retain needed sodium and excrete unwanted potassium to maintain the balance of water and salt in the body.
Nitrous, is something totally different from turbo. Nitrous is a gaseous mixture that is either directly injected into your engine's pistons or into you intake manifold. Nitrous is cheap and gives you a lot of power. It costs about 500 dollars and depending on how much you want to spray is how much horsepower your engine will receive. A 50 shot of nitrous gives you about 45 more horsepower. What is impressive about nitrous, is that you only use it when you want because all you have to do is flip a switch and then it works. The down side of nitrous is that it burns your engine, and if used frequently it will damage your engine beyond repair.
Nitrogen fertilizers: firstly nitrogen is found in the air, so air is pumped into a large vessel. The air is warmed and oxygen is removed becoming steam. This leaves hydrogen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. To remove the carbon dioxide an electric current is introduced into the system. And finally remains ammonia. Ammonia is further processed adding air to the solution and making nitric acid. In conclusion when ammonia and nitric acid are combined is made ammonium nitrate, the component used as fertilizers.
Provide muscle energy, fuel for the nerve system, the fat metabolism and protect the protein to been used as energy
Nitric Oxide (NO) is an inhaled gas that works via relaxation of the smooth muscles to dilate the blood vessels most commonly in the lungs (drugs.com, 2015). It is a blend of NO and Nitrogen and is used as a treatment for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN) (Kumc.edu, 2015). This essays purpose is to inform about how it works, the uses for treatment, the type of patients most likely to benefit from NO, how it’s delivered, dosage, and also the hazards and complications that may come about when treating with NO.
Murray, M., & Pizzorno, J. (1999). The Encyclopedia of Natural Medicine, (3 ed.). New York: Ariele Fredman.
Nitrogen containing flame retardants release stable and inert compounds like nitrogen gases which stop the fire cycle by either interfering with the flammable gases or with the thermal degradation of the burning material. Nitrogen containing FRs can also enhance the performance of phosphorus FRs when
So from last many thousands years the medicinal plant being used by humans for different therapeutic purpose and are changed to modern medicine like many modern drugs originated from plant source. Many of the life saving drug are isolated/extract from medicinal plant examples include Vincristine (Vinca), digoxin (Digitalis), quinine (cinchona bark), Atropine (Datura), Artimicine (Artimisia annua), morphine (from the opium poppy) (Vickers and Zollman, 1999). As per WHO the uses of herbal drug was increased day by day to two- three time more as compared to conventional drug in different form like nutraceuticals, ayurvedic drugs, traditional chinse medicine, Functional food etc (Evans, 1994).
For about thousands of years the mankind has been utilizing the rich sources of flora for various diseases and disorders . Written record shows the usage of plants dates back to at least 5000 years and archeological surveys indicates the usage of the medicinal plants even before that . Greek botanist, Pedanios Dioscorides described about 600 herbs in his book in 78 AD and this treaty remained as a major source of reference for about many centuries on the medicinal plants. The therapeutic action of numerous plants were identified by observations and experimentation and were transmitted from one generation to the other by the by the ancient peoples. Swiss physician - Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim, in his “Theory of signatures” informs that the colour, shape, odour and flavor of plants will attribute towards their therapeutically properties and thus gives clues to their clinical importance.
Health claims are booming in today’s world. Many of these consumers are being misled by advertising and believe that their choice will benefit their health. Although herbal medicines have been in existence throughout human evolution, I have chosen to take a deeper look into these health practices. I’m curious if this is just another health claim or if there are actual benefits to taking these medicines.