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Effects of carbon monoxide environment
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The Bhopal Disaster Just after midnight on 3 December 1984, a dense gas cloud formed and rolled through the city of Bhopal and its surrounding villages. The people that inhaled the gas immediately started feeling its affect. They coughed uncontrollably, the gas burning their eyes, noses, and throats. The gas then attacked their central nervous system and, if they were unable to escape the cloud, they fell dead. The Union Carbide Corporation, an American based corporation, opened the Union Carbide India Limited pesticide factory in 1970 and began producing Sevin, their brand name for carbaryl, a Methyl Isocyanate (MIC)-based pesticide. In 1979, they added a MIC production plant to increase their overall profits. MIC is manufactured by reacting methylamine and phosgene and is highly reactive to water. When water is introduced to MIC, it causes an exothermic reaction subsequently causing the MIC to boil, producing a toxic gas. If confined inside a holding tank, this reaction would cause a substantial amount of pressure. Two main theories have been published on the cause of the industrial accident that occurred at the Union Carbide pesticide plant: employee sabotage and corporate negligence. Following the events that took place in Bhopal, there were two investigations conducted. The initial investigation was jointly conducted by the Indian Council of Scientific and Industrial Research and the Indian Central Bureau of Investigation. The Union Carbide Corporation also led an investigation headed by chairman, Warren Anderson, and consisted of medical and technical experts, including Jackson Browning. Union Carbide claims that their investigation was hindered by the Indian Government and they were not allowed to interview emp... ... middle of paper ... ...t entire families died which left no one to identify remains of the deceased. Union Carbide claimed 3,800 people died as a result of this industrial accident. The municipal workers that moved the bodies of the deceased estimated 15,000. However, the local government’s official death toll is 20,000. The Indian Government reported that over a half-million people were exposed to the toxic gas and that survivors are, to this day, still dying from long-term effects of exposure. Works Cited Banerjee, B.N. (1986). Bhopal gas tragedy: Accident or experiment. New Delhi, India: Paribus Publishers and Distributors. Browning, J.B. (1993). Union carbide: Disaster at Bhopal. Retrieved from http://www.bhopal.com/~/media/Files/Bhopal/browning.pdf Union Carbide. (2013). Frequently asked questions regarding the Bhopal tragedy of 1984. Retrieved from http://bhopal.com/
Due to political aspirations, government bureaucracy, and greed 111 men lost their lives and devastated the lives of loved ones and a community. While, I believe that it was collection of people who is to blame for the explosion one person who could have really avoided this situation was Robert M. Medill and his assistant Robert Weir. Robert Medill, Director of the Illinois of Bureau of Mines and Minerals, was a man filled with greed and power and did nearly nothing to fix the hazardous condition in Centralia. Medill department were very aware of the dangerous conditions at the mine but ignored requests to correct violations. Instead, Medill and Weir’s handling of the inspection reports and other communications were not conducive to clearing
Leckie, Robert. " 131. Hiroshima." Delivered from Evil: The Saga of World War II. New York: Harper & Row, 1987.
Lustgarten, A. (2012). Run to failure: BP and the making of the Deepwater Horizon disaster.
On April 22, 1915, Germans released poisonous chlorine gas towards the soldiers and had them gasping and coughing their lungs out
Rachel Carson was a zoologist, writer, and an ecologist. She recognized the issues which would prove to have deleterious long-term effects. On 27th September 1962, a book which changed the course of the 'environmental movement' was published. It was lauded by supporters who had witnessed the ill-effects of biocides and those who had amassed similar scientific proof. Both Rachel Carson and her publishers had expected a backlash of criticism which unsurprisingly came from chemical industries like Dupont and American Cyanamid. Soon after the book was published, a Dupont initiative 'Union Carbide' single handedly caused the biggest industrial chemical disaster in Bhopal. Major companies like Monsanto led colorful defaming campaigns against the author. The campaign seemed to backfire as the publicity led to increased book sales, and the public awareness rose proportionally. The overwhelming public response had forced the U.S Senate to pay heed to Rachel Carson's views. She presented the scientific data accumulated for the book to President John F. Kennedy and his sub-committee. Their agenda was to formulate policies to counteract the pollution caused by
A - Plan of Investigation- For my Historical Investigation, I wanted to research the catastrophic nuclear meltdown that occurred on April 26th, 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine. My research question is: Could the Chernobyl disaster have been avoided, if so, which moments in the chain of events leading to the accident needed to occur differently? To carry out my investigation, I plan on utilizing the Internet, encyclopedias and finding books that explain how accidental Chernobyl really was, the variety of mistakes made by the Ukrainians, as well as the Soviets, and how these problems could be fixed in accordance to the time period. I will use Chernobyl, global environmental injustice and mutagenic threats by Nicholas Low and Life Exposed: Biological Citizens after Chernobyl by Adriana Petryna for references that can help me in my investigation.
April 20, 2010 was a day that many remember, but not for a respectable reason. On this particular day, there was an explosion in the rig that caused a huge fire causing eleven workers to die and leaving 17 hurt (Walsh 2). The fire burned for 36 hours, until the rig fomally sank (BP Internal Investigation 3). Even from the beginning people’s lives were taken away, and not only did many people die but it made some depressed and caused other to have financial problems.
Throughout this situation of the gas blowouts that happened, all these stakeholders faced same problems, but affected in different ways. The residents of the community were the individuals who were affected the most due to lack of water that was discontinued after the blowout, but not only that due to their living condition it has also affected them in different ways. Mr. Sampson who faced a high volume of concerns from the Bangladesh residents and the
"The History of Plant Incidents at Formosa Plastics and Past Safety Violations." Industrial Injury Attorneys. http://www.industrialinjuryattorney.com/Industrial-Accident-Blog/2013/May/The-History-of-Plant-Incidents-at-Formosa-Plasti.aspx (accessed April 3, 2014).
Seth Schonwald M.D. A.B.M.T. (1992, July). Mustard Gas. The PSR Quarterly Vol. 2 No. 2
In July of 1931, tensions between Japanese-run Korea and China was building. These hostilities eventually resulted in a dispute over land in the Manchurian village of Wanpaoshan.
...emical companies that helped produce Agent Orange. Yannacone filed a class action lawsuit for Reutershans case against six chemical companies that helped produce Agent Orange. The case grew as lawyers across America started representing more people affected by Dioxin. The case ended up in Jack Weinstein’s court at the Second Circuit Court of Appeals in New York City. The night before the trial Weinstein tried to come up with a settlement option. Weinstein thought the chemical companies had a weak defense and could not see the jury siding with them. Weinstein thought the chemical companies had a weak defense and could not see the jury siding with them. The companies agreed with a settlement as long as they did not have to own up to it. Now that closer was brought to this case, those looking for compensation received it and the talk of Agent Orange died down.
mental degradation. The mass production of goods, in manufacturing industries, more so has led to a lot of pollutants being released into the atmosphere. These pollutants continue to degrade the environment. There are several forms of pollutions that continue to be heavily experienced as a result of the activities of Multi-National Corporations. The two most adverse types of pollution are water pollution and air pollution. They affect a lot of the systems that are in play.
The Malayan Emergency was a battle between the British and the Malayan Races Liberation Army. Despite being in a less focused Asian region in the 1940 and 1950s, the Emergency played an important part in British military history. This essay will focus on reviews on works done on Malayan emergency. The essay will also focus on the important factors that are said to be the factors for the victory of Britain over the insurgents – ‘Winning Hearts and Minds’, Korean War Boom and General Templer. This essay will also focus on a less known, yet an important part of Malayan Emergency – the biochemical warfare conducted by the British against the insurgents.
The Aral Sea Disaster Abstract The Aral Sea and the entire Aral Sea basin area have achieved worldwide notoriety due to the environmental disaster. The example of the Aral Sea disaster has sent a signal to the entire international community demonstrating how fast and irrevocable the environmental system can be ruined if there is no long-term thinking and planning in place. This paper gives a broad overview of the policies that have resulted in dying of the forth-largest inland body of water. It concentrates on the policies and approaches of the international organizations towards the problem, describes examples of the projects and presents a conclusion on effectiveness of such policies. Introduction The Aral sea used to be the forth largest inland body of water.