Heroisn in Homer's Odyssey Heroism was not an invention of the Greeks. Yet, through the first hundreds years of their civilization, the Greek literature has already given birth to highly polished and complex long epics that revolved around heroes. These literature works gave many possibilities of definition of heroism. The Greeks illustrated heroism to obey the rules laid down by the gods and goddesses, and those who obey the rules would gain honor and fame. The Greeks regarded intelligence as one of the highest gifts that all heroes must posses. The Greeks required that all heroes must have courage. Odysseus, one of the heroes of the epic "Odyssey" standout. He was constantly expected to be a true hero, always obey the rules laid down by the immortals, posses wisdom and courage. The Greeks believed that all heroes must always obey the Guest/Host relationship rule-- which all guests must treat the hosts with courtesy, and the host must treat the guests properly-- laid down by the gods and goddesses. Those who did not obey the rule would be punished severely. Odysseus throughout the epic, demonstrated that he obeyed the Guest/Host relationship rule. Odysseus always following the Guest/Host relationship rule, a characteristic that all heroes must have according to the Greeks' tradition . All heroes must followed the rule because if they did not, they would be punished by the immortals, and would not be recognized as heroes. When Odysseus reach the land of the Cyclops race. Odysseus decided to pick his best men, goods offered as gifts, and headed toward a Cyclops's cave. When his men saw cheese, pens, and lamb on lying on the racks, they pleading to Odysseus, "Why not take these cheeses, get them stowed, come back, throw all the pens, and make a run for it? We'll drive thekids and lambs aboard. We say put out again on good salt water!" Odysseus dismissed the suggestion, "I wished to see the cave man, and what he had to offer." Odysseus dismissed the suggestion of his men, and choose to wait to greet the Cyclops with the gifts as in the custom of the Guest/Host relationship rule. Those actions and sayings showed that Odysseus was always following Guest/Host relationship rule, an example for his men to look up to. Odysseus's actions spoke for his character. He posses the characteristic that meets the criteria of always obeying the rules laid down by the immortal as defined in the Greek's tradition of all true heroes. The Greeks believed that intelligence was one of the highest gifts that all heroes must posses Intelligence was so important to the character of all heroes because intelligence would be used in novel situations where cunning would most needed. Odysseus posses intelligence as expected in the Greeks' tradition of heroes. Odysseus displayed intelligence when he went to the goddess Circe to rescue his men who were turned into swine by the goddess Circe. The goddess spoke to him, "Put up your weapon in the sheath. We two shall mingle and make love upon our bed. So mutual trust may come of play and love." He was asked to go to bed with a beautiful goddess, and yet he responded, "Circe, am I a boy, that you should make me soft and doting now? Here in this house you turned my men to swine; now it is I myself you hold, enticing into your chamber; to your dangerous bed, to take my manhood when you have me stripped. I mount no bed of loved with you upon it. Or swear to me first a great oath, if I do, you will work no more enchantment to my harm.' She swore at once, outright, as I demanded, and after she had sworn, and bound herself, I entered Circe's flawless bed of love." Odysseus was asked by the goddess Circe to make love with her in order to build trust between her and Odysseus. However, Odysseus realized that the goddess wanted to go to bed with him, not to build trust, and as a result, Odysseus used his cunning to ask Circe to make a deal in which Circe had to swear to reverse her spell on his men in trade for him to make love with her "as to build trust". The goddess accepted the deal because both sides would get what they want-Circe would go to bed with Odysseus, the goddess would reverse her spell on Odysseus men. Odysseus's intelligence enable him to save his men. His actions showed the quality of a hero who posses the most important trait according to the Greek tradition-intelligence. The Greek required that courage was a trait that all hero need. Courage was defined in the Greek tradition as to conquer fear or despair in order to save oneself or others. Courage was vital to the characteristic of all heroes because there would be inevitable situations where courage would be needed. Odysseus posses courage through out the journey home. When he asked Circe about what lay ahead in his journey home, Circe replied "There lay are a pair of cliffs. One of them with its jagged peak reaches up to the spreading sky, wreathed in dark cloud that never parts. Halfway up the clip is a murky cave, facing north-west to Erebus, and doubtless it is past this, Odysseus, that you and your men will steer your vessel. A strong man's arrow shot from a ship below not reach the recesses of that cave. Inside lives Scylla, yelping hideously; her voice is no deeper that a young puppy's, but she herself is a fearsome monster. God or man, no one could look on her in joy. Her legs-and there are twelve-are like great tentacles, unjointed, and upon her serpent necks are borne six heads like nightmares of ferocity, with triple serried of rows of fangs and deep gullets of black death. No seaman ever, in any vessel can clam to have passed her without loss or grief; she takes, from every ship, one man for every gullet." Odysseus asked her again, "Only instruct me, goddess, if you will, how if possible, can I fight off Scylla when she raids my crew?" After Circe told him how horrible Scylla was, and that no ship of mortal men had ever passed Scylla unharmed, and yet Odysseus asked how to fight Scylla. Odysseus asked how to fight the monster that no one have passes it without loss and grief because this monster would bring death to his men. Odysseus wanted to save his men from horrible deaths and asked how to fight this monster. He showed courage. Those actions fit the criteria of a hero who posed unyielding courage as defined in the Greed tradition of heroism. Throughout the epic, Odysseus was a hero. He had indeed pre-eminent qualities and much that were beyond the capacity of normal men. It was when problems come that these heroic traits emerged. When his men asked Odysseus to steal the goods from the Cyclops, which break the rule of Guest/Host relationship, he refused. He showed that he always obey the rules laid down by the immortals. When his men were turned into swine by the goddess Circe, he made Circe swore to reversed her action in trade for him to make love to her. He showed cunning. When Circe told him about Scylla and her unforgiving power, he asked how to fight Scylla to help his men avoid horrible deaths. He showed courage. We know him less from what he thought, which was seldom revealed, than by what he says and did, and his actions follow naturally from his characteristics. If the cunning of Odysseus is mentioned more than his courage , it was his courage that gets him into the scrapes from which his cunning had to deliver him. Odysseus had the all the qualities that the Greek tradition required of all heroes, which were obey the rules of gods, posses intelligence, and displayed courage. He was a hero.
“The thing about a bed, is that we keep them in our bedroom, which is like our intimate space, our private space, that we can
In 1978, deregulation removed government control over fares and domestic routes. A slew of new entrants entered the market, but within 10 years, all but one airline (America West), had failed and ceased to exist. With long-term growth estimates of 4 percent for air travel, it's attractive for new firms to service the demand. It was as simple as having enough capital to lease a plane and passengers willing to pay for a seat on the plane. In recent news, the story about an 18-yr British...
Plato. Allegory of the Cave. Comp. Tom Ferderer. Mendota Heights: Saint Thomas Academy, n.d. Print.
Like Jacob, Odysseus connived, manipulated, and deceived. On his journey home from the Trojan War, Odysseus uses his trickster ways to get himself out of trouble. One famous tail was his encounter with the one-eyed Cyclopes Polyphemous. Odysseus and his crew landed on the land of they Cyclopes. They made themselves at home, eating the cheese and goats of the Cyclopes, fully expecting him to be hospitable. Instead, Cyclops began eating then men as though they were animals themselves. Odysseus and his men were trapped in the cave and Polyphemous rolled a stone over the entrance so no one could exit. Odysseus connived a plan and gave the Cyclopes some wine. When he got drunk and passed out, Odysseus poked out the eye of Polyphemous and completely blinds him. Odysseus and his men escape the cave by clinging to the bellies of sheep (Odyssey, Ch. 9). He also disguised himself as a veteran of a Trojan war to Eumaios, a loyal servant, and as a beggar to his wife and son.
Zeus’ revenge on Odysseus and his men on their journey home from Troy is one of the reasons Odysseus is setback in returning home. While on the journey home, Circe warns Odysseus of revenge if they eat the cat...
over the tops of books or movie seats and peek into the dank recesses of the giant cyclops' cave;
Odysseus’ attempt to make himself feel at home in Polyphemos’ cave turns out to be disastrous. Homer emphasizes from this situation Odysseus’ lack of caution and judgment as Odysseus’ crew had already advised him to leave the cave. In consuming Polyphemos’ livestock and cheese, Odysseus demonstrates a high level of comfort with Polyphemos which is in reality not evident for the two individuals who meet for the first time. As a result, Odysseus and his crew portray themselves as intruders rather than visitors.
From the land of the lotus eaters, Odysseus and his men sail through the murky darkness to the land of the Cyclops. While searching for supplies, the men stumble upon a cave containing; wine, cheese, and a plentiful ...
The image of seductresses is a recurring motif in The Odyssey. These women are a temptation to Odysseus. They attempt to keep Odysseus from accomplishing his goal: his homecoming. Circe is a bewitching goddess. She entices Odysseus’ crew into her palace with her enchanting voice. However, after she feeds them, she promptly turns them into pigs. Circe also succeeds in enticing Odysseus; he stays with her one year as her lover. It is so long that his crew declares that it is “madness” (326). They say that it is “high time” that Odysseus thinks of his homeland (326). Later on, Odysseus and his crew encounter the sirens. Knowing the danger they pose, Odysseus has all his men’s ears stopped up with wax. However, Odysseus wishes to hear their song; so he asks his crew to tie him to the mast. The song of the sirens is so sweet and enticing. Their “ravishing voices” almost make Odysseus forget his desire to return home (349). His heart “throbbed” to listen longer; he signals for his men to let him go free. The grea...
Plato. The Allegory of the Cave. A World of Ideas. Ed. Lee Jacobus. 9th e. Boston: Bedford, 2013.
Delta Airlines was founded by C.E. Woolman, who was an agriculture extension agent. He was not as aggressive,
Gittell, J. H. (2003). The Southwest Airlines Way: Using the Power of Relationships to Achieve High Performance. New York: McGraw-Hill.
In the defense speech given by Socrates at the beginning of his trial, he hints at a definition of holiness. “..I live in great poverty because of my service to the god” (23C). Piety, according to Socrates, is defined by one who sacrifices his own necessities and luxuries in order to better service the gods; it is the willingness of one to please the god by way of a disservice to himself; a general forfeit of life-excesses as well as life requirements.
A boar spear in my hand, and- in my hear Lie there what hidden woman’s fear there will-
The principle of holiness came up in Socrates and Euthyphro debate as the two discussed whether or not holiness was something that the gods indeed loved or if holiness was something that the gods loved because it was in fact holy. The concept of holiness between the two is prominent because they needed to know exactly how the gods broke down and acknowledged the holiness. This was a major factor because it basically set standards and laws for people that really chose to worship. It basically breaks down if an act is holy or if the act was something that was adopted by a particular god and made holy. In this paper I will explain how the concept of holiness cultivates in the discussion and why it takes a prominent position between the two.