Reality vs. Illusion in Othello Reality and illusions are two words which may be confused among people reading or learning about this sort of topic. Reality is what is real or true and should not be misinterpreted with illusion, which is fake or something a person believes is real. Often people can put an illusion in some ones head and through words, can manipulate how they think, which affects the person's judgment on what is reality and what is an illusion. Illusions can be mistaken as being reality and very often there is a person making another believe in the illusion through his/her actions and speech. The play "Othello" has the greatest example of this and is easily understood through this example. Iago is a very intelligent man who uses peoples weaknesses to his advantage. Iago has got to be one of Shakespeare's most evil characters and he is a character who stands out among all of the Shakespeare characters. Iago uses his skill to gain revenge and take advantage of people who he believes deserves this sort of punishment. Iago uses this revenge in many occasions, one in particular he talks to Othello about Casssio and makes Othello believe that Cassio is sleeping with Othello's wife Desdemona. This is definitely not the truth but Iago talks in such a way that Othello has no choice but to believe him. Iago also plants Desdemona's handkerchief in Cassio's cabin knowing that Othello will eventually find it. Iago uses persuasive words to make Othello believe these illusions and as an extra plan Iago is making Othello trust in him because only a good friend would break this kind of news to another friend. Reality and illusion are often mixed up as in Othello. People have to look out for the situations such as this. It is hard to believe such opposite words with opposite meanings could be mixed up so easily if a person actually puts some intelligent thinking behind a plan like this. To give credit where credit is due, Iago is very intelligent and he knows how to get his way.
In chapter ten of the book “Problems from Philosophy”, by James Rachels, the author, the author discusses the possibilities of human beings living in an actually reality, or if we are just living in an illusion. Rachels guides us through concepts that try to determine wiether we are living in a world were our perception of reality is being challenged, or questioned. Rachels guides us through the topic of “Our Knowledge of the World around Us”, through the Vats and Demons, idealism, Descartes Theological Response, and direct vs. indirect realism.
Accommodating customer requirements in most supply chain arrangement requires a forecast to drive the process. (book page 133) When looking into the definition of forecasting which is projecting what is going to be sold (units, seats, rooms etc) it is also important to take into consideration where and when in order to reach the future goals. (book page 133) Since it is argued that effective supply chain and logistical capacity is an important competitive advantage. (Christopher 2005) Where maximizing the revenue is the key element in hospitality sector and for hotel industry there is an increased attention on effective demand management and forecasting for reservation systems. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169207002000110)
In today’s world, where every person has an outlet to voice their opinion, the public often falls prey to a practice that is known as pseudoscience. Pseudoscience can be defined as a belief or process which masquerades as science in an attempt to claim a legitimacy which it would not otherwise be able to achieve on its own terms. Another thought that comes alongside of the belief in pseudoscience is naïve realism which is the belief that we see the world exactly as it is (CITE BOOK) If a person believes in a scientific product or belief not proven true by science, then they have become subject to naïve realism. These two work together to endeavor to convince the consumer of their false hypothesis. Many people fall into
...le to actually say its real. There are three reasons why we study Realism: (1) for the historical significance: (2) for its popularity as a commonsense, or naïve, way of knowing: (3) for its educational importance (Gutek, 2004). The reason we use realism in school is so that we can show the students the five senses and so they can actually have a first hand of what realism actually is. Even though we are thought this in school about things not being real we yet somehow always manage to make things up in our heads and actually make things appear real. One of the things that the schools have been doing for a very long time is something called “show and tell”. This is great for the younger kids to actually understand the concept of what show and tell is really all about because you actually involve the students and they can actually see all the five senses.
Iago’s characterization was best described as one who is able to brainwash the ignorant and manipulate people to his advantage. He has the capability of picking up the grain of the truth and then twisting it. Mark Rose best describes Iago
to his self over-idealization, that he wishes to remain hidden. Unfortunately, Iago uncovers these flaws and because the flaws are unique to Othello, Iago is able to manipulate Othello more easily than anyone else.
a reason for why he befriends Iago, who would act as his link to the
Target Corporation needs to increase product availability based on the customer needs using a forecasting and supply chain
... (such as linear regression and logistic regression) or forecasting techniques (such as neural networks and survival analysis) can be used to determine a given result, such as demand forecasting or customer attraction through direct marketing and evaluate their responses.
Another method is forecast demand, which is based on service level via profit margin calculations. Bean will have to consider the contribution margin in case an item is bought vs. the liquidation costs spent if the item is not demanded. To calculate the item’s probability distribution of demand is a critical ratio of under stocking costs that is relative to the sum of under stocking and overstocking costs. This calculation determines at what point it is optimal to hold the stock in order to balance overstocking and under stocking costs. Critical ratio is combined with the corresponding forecast error and the number of items to stock is the product of these two numbers and the frozen
Sales forecasting is an important part of business. Sales forecasts are crucial in developing business plans, production schedules, budgets, advertising and marketing plans, etc. as the forecasts drive decisions around sales prices, production costs, strategic operations and more (Hicham, Mohammed, & Anas, 2012). The Delphi Method as described by Dalkey and Helmer (1963) utilizes questionnaires to gather key information from a variety experts to form a consensus. Businesses are then able to use this information in their long-range forecasting (Sharp, n.d.). This work will discuss the Delphi Method and how it is utilized in sales forecasting in businesses today.
Iago has been excellent at saying the what is needed to get to people, he misleads them to get a reaction he wants out of them. He is clever with his words to avoid confrontation that can easily happen. “Othello 's confusion is the human experience of language. In other words, language itself, not the outside world, determines meaning” (Christofides 2). Iago uses his words against Othello to get him to do Iago’s doings. Iago has an eloquence with
Throughout the play, the audience is amazed by just how well Iago’s destructive plan worked. He changed Othello’s emotional state, from a man who holds himself well to a man driven to murder by jealousy, destroying not only the friendship between Othello and Cassio, but also Othello’s marriage to Desdemona. The audience again, may feel a varying degree of repulsion to Iago for the damage he had caused, but deep down the audience is satisfied with the mould of a villain matching Iago so well, and Iago bringing much more to the table. A reason behind the success of his plan, Iago is manipulative to everyone around him. Othello praises Iago as “a man he is of honesty and trust”, giving Iago the nickname, “Honest Iago”. He keeps his ‘friend’ Roderigo close, but his enemy closer, manipulating Othello to believe Desdemona did deceive him as “she did deceive her father marrying you.” His two-faced personality and ability to manipulate everyone around him allows his plan to be even with Othello “wife for wife” to work, while he fits the villainous mould well. He brings more to the table by hiding this behind a ‘heroic’ and ‘trustworthy’ mask, another factor that makes his attributes of a villain more
Iago is a close friend who works closely, while being well trusted, with Othello. Unknowingly to Othello, Iago suspects that he laid with Iago’s wife out of
Each day, people wake up in their beds to find things exactly as they left it. The sky's still blue, the leaves are still green, and the pile of dirty laundry still sits at the bottom of their bed. This world of known qualities, filled with objects we consider to be real, is often referred to as reality. A simplistic definition of the word reality would be “the state or quality of having existence or substance” (Definition). But what exactly does this mean? For example, a world where everything that must be felt, seen, tasted, or heard in order to be considered “real”, does not account for the molecules that dance under our nose or the germs on our fingers. Therefore, when one takes a closer examination of the meanings of the words real, reality,