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conclusion on music therapy
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music therapy as a cure
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Educators are set in place to guide us through a thorough understanding of a subject, and give us enough information to suffice without their immediate guidance. In piano class, our Professors have been taught to use specific methods on breaking down the skills to becoming a pianist. From scales to score reading, all of the lessons are used to gain a sustainable amount of self knowledge to plunk out notes for our future choirs or assist our own rehearsals in a practice room. Guido of Arezzo, musical therapist, pedagogue and author of Micrologus suggested a lack of common knowledge is one of the main causes for an individual to not put forth the appropriate efforts to achieve a perfect understanding of the task. Guido Arentinus began his musical and educational journey as a monk at Benedictine in Italy, and established a reputation for his ability to study and teach music. Approximately around 1025, he moved to Arezzo and was offered the responsibility of training the boy singers of the city's cathedral to sing chants from memory, and eventually gain the ability to understand his innovations. After Guido realized the singer’s were not able to sing through a chant without the guidance of their own master, he began to construct a method to encourage the boy singers to read and relate the chants they have been singing, and expand their repertoire at a faster pace. His final goal at the end of the day was to improve the musical learning process of his time. At that time, the current formula to learning a new chant was to create a muscle memory in the singers voices for the different intervals at which the notes, played by the monochord, changed and simple repetition. Guido believed this process may be beneficial to beginners, but ... ... middle of paper ... ... Solmization syllables were used to create new melodies that were in tune and sequenced in a organized way, just as educators would do today if they needed to change a voice part due to vocal range for harmonization purposes. Solmization syllables is a language for music that helps us clearly define intervals to sight read in choirs and bands. Guido's passion for music and educating the people will continue to be recognized throughout music history. His techniques to mold the minds of young and old to understand a brand new concept will forever be used in the classrooms of future musicians. Guido paved the way for music to be interpreted by all in the simplest way he believed could happen. His dedication to not only fulfilling his duty of training these singers but to future singers and musicians allowed the expansion of music and the growth of musical intuition.
“Leopold Mozart, a court musician, began teaching Maria Anna, his first-born child, to play harpsichord when she was 8 years old. She progressed quickly, with 3-year-old Wolfgang often at her side.” Maria Anna was getting very good very quickly, with the help from her brother Wolferl. Both siblings helped eachother out , “Nannerl probably interpreted for Wolfgang and reinforced for Wolfgang what Leopold was trying to teach. She showed him that music is not only fun, but a way to communicate without words.” He learned from his sister the true meaning behind music, which made him grow as a performer. Support from family or friends is what separates a person from achieving their goals, or stumbling under the pressure, but both Maria Anna and Wolferl persevered with the help of each other and there dad and both achieved great
In his day, Johann Adolph Hasse was at the forefront of Italian opera. Although he composed a fair amount of sacred works, he is best known for his operatic output. He was widely popular throughout Italy and Germany, and was commissioned by courts and opera houses throughout Europe. His performances were attended by cultural figures at the time, as well as some of the biggest names in common-era music today. In his later life, styles changed and so Hasse’s acclaim diminished after his death. But generations later, he was re-established as a figurehead and icon of classic ancient Italian opera, a designation he possesses even today.
The first composition, "Miserere Mei, Deus", was produced by Gregorio Allegri in 1638. I learned this, as I read along with the well-thought-out program that was given. As we, the audience, looked up to the vocalists, we were entranced by the consuming sound. The room filled with a vibrant melody, in which the harmonization and tone color was spectacular. The emotion conveyed throughout the room was one of absorption and delight. During this piece, the sopranos hit such high notes, that I was astounded. Being a person who participates in concert choir, I understand the level of commitment and talent it takes to reach those notes and stay in tune. This ...
Born in 1556, Giovanni Gabrieli was an Italian composer who worked for the St. Mark’s Cathedral in Venice. During his time there, he composed works for separate choirs for both vocal and instrumental performers. One of his most famous pieces comes from his Sacrae Symphoniae completed in 1597; the Sonata Pian e Forte. Gabrieli was both a composer and organist in Renaissance and Baroque transitional period which caused elements of both periods to be demonstrated within his compositions. With instrumental music becoming more popular, it was becoming quite common during this time to have a composer who also played an instrument, especially the piano or organ. Sonata Pian e Forte gained fame from being a work that demonstrated a few characteristics and ideas about sound that had yet to be seen or often used.
Akins, M. L. 1982 An analysis and Evaluation of selected methods for the beginning Private Piano student. PhD, Peabody College for Teachers, Vanderbilt University, USA.
From the Early Renaissance to the High Renaissance, there was a movement from vocal music to a combination of vocal and instrumental music (Brown, 1976). There are seven categories of instrumental music: 1) vocal music played by instruments, 2) settings of pre-existing melodies, 3) variation sets, 4) ricercars, fantasias, and canzonas, 5) preludes, preambles, and toccatas for solo instruments, 6) dance music, and 7) songs composed specifically for lute and solo voice (Brown, 1976). Italy dominated the stage for instrumental music at this time, and it was not until the last decades of the sixteenth century that English instrumental music became popular (Brow...
Johann Sebastian Bach was born into a family of musicians. It was only natural for him to pick up an instrument and excel in it. His father taught him how to play the violin and harpsichord at a very young age. All of Bach’s uncles were professional musicians, one of them; Johann Christoph Bach introduced him to the organ. Bach hit a turning point in his life when both of his parents died at the age of ten years old. Bach’s older brother Johann Christoph Bach took him in and immediately expanded his knowledge in the world of music. He taught him how to play the clavichord and exposed him to great composers at the time. At the age of fourteen, Bach and his good friend George Erdmann were awarded a choral scholarship to the prestigious musical school St. Michael’s in Luneburg. From then on, Bach began to build his career in the music industry. His first two years at the school he sang in the school’s a cappella choir. Historical evidence has shown that Bach at a young age would visit Johanniskirche and would listen to the works of organ player Jasper Johannsen. This was thought to have been the inspiration to Bach’s Toccata and Fugue in D minor. Studying at the prestigious musical school has help Bach network his way around and become acquaintances’ with some of the best organ players at the time such as Georg Böhm, and Johann Adam Reincken. Through his acquaintance with Böhm and Reincken Bach had access to some of the greatest and finest instruments.
Baroque music is characterized by its development of tonality, elaborate use of ornamentation, application of figured bass, and the expression of single affections. A considerable philosophical current that shaped baroque music is the interest in Renaissance ideas that spawn from ancient Greece and Rome. Ancient Greeks and Romans considered music to be an instrument of communication that could easily stimulate any emotion in its listeners. Therefore, musicians became progressively knowledgeable of the power one’s composition could have on its audiences’ emotions. Because of this, one of the primary goals of baroque art and music was to provoke emotion in the listener, which is closely connected to the “doctrine of affections”. This doctrine, derived from ancient theories of rhetoric and oratory, was the theory that a single piece of art or a single movement of music should express one single emotion. Intrinsically, instead of music reflecting the emotions, composers aspired to cause emotions in the listener. Ma...
Opera in the Romantic Period was a time when opera changed drastically, especially in the country of Italy. The recognition of singers as being important, almost irreplaceable, in the art of “bel canto” opera changed the idea of a vocalist in opera forever. A singer’s voice was prized and Italian composers, like Rossini, Donizetti, and Bellini wrote operas and works to showcase the voice, it’s color, range and agility. These Italian composers were moving away from the normal style of composition of the time, and the composer Rossini, who set the stage for many other followers. Many of the operas written during this time are still performed today and are highly acclaimed. For the most part, before Italy became a main player, France and Germany were the main areas for music. These composer’s lives were extremely important in the development of the romantic period of opera and they really put Italy in the eye of the public for their amazing operas and musical styles.
I believe that teaching and learning is both a science and an art, which requires the implementation of already determined rules. I see learning as the result of internal forces within the person student. I know that children differ in the way they learn and grow but I also know that all children can learn. Students’ increased understanding of their own experience is a legitimate form of knowledge. I will present my students with opportunities to develop the ability to meet personal knowledge.
All of this implies a sound knowledge in music theory, ear training, musical analysis, music history, and proficiency in piano as the fundamental skills for most professional musicians. So far, I feel proud that the courses on these subjects have been a success for me. For example, I am thrilled not only for being able to play piano with fluency, but also because such proficiency is a key aspect of being a complete musician. In addition, I have experienced a pleasant surprise in music theory not only for understanding the subject matter we are covering, but also pushing the boundaries of what we can achieve with the fundamentals of music, going as far as to have the theory teacher assistant call me “ambitious” for my work. Finally, during the placement exams of ear training at the beginning of the semester, my tested skills were proficient enough to pass three semesters of the
The structure that I chose was the Vatican. I elected to use the Vatican because I am Italian in heritage and one of my dreams is to travel Italy and see Venice, and land marks such as the leaning tower of Pisa, the Colosseum and the Vatican. When I go the Vatican, there would be certain things that I would like to do like go see all the art work from Michelangelo and of course attend a service from the pope. I’ve been a Catholic all my life and this is one thing that I always wanted to do and I believe that I would be a great experience. The music that I chose to go with the Vatican is a Gregorian chant called “Beata es Maria” by Jacob Obrecht.
The musical performance aspect of my paper was not an issue to complete. If you go to Little Italy, New York on any given weekend, especially around the holiday season or the San Gennaro Festival, musical performers are usually playing on the streets. There are many restaurants in Little Italy, Manhattan that have live entertainment; most of these musical performers will come to your table. When it came to comparing the musical traditions of Italy to the Italian-American performance that I observed, I had a little more trouble. Italian music is such a large topic to delve into–there are so many composers and different types of music that it made it difficult to narrow down my research for this paper. In future research among this community, I would suggest that the student is aware of what type of performance they are going to observe—I was unaware of whether the musician would be a Classical Italian performer or an Italian American performer. In my opinion, most of the performers in Little Italy, Manhattan seems to be Italian-American.
In order to understand and gain knowledge, learning theories stress the importance of creating a relationship between all pieces of information, the learner, and the environment. It is the responsibility of both the teacher and the learner to link the appropriate information together. If students can develop a relationship for the "underlying reasons for ‘how’ and ‘why’ to use specific procedures, they will be able to store this information as part of their knowledge network," and develop links with other pieces of information (Gersten and Baker, 1998, p.24). On the contrary, if learners learn facts of information that are isolated from a meaningful context, their understanding is often incomplete and meaningless. As a result of these linked relationships between individuals and environments, knowledge is the prevailing outcome. In summary, "knowledge is situated, being in part a product of the activity, context, and culture in which it is developed and used (Brown, Collins, and Duguid, 1989, p.32).
... to interchange ideas and clarify doubts or issues I have. I have to contain myself for doing the most of the speaking in some of the classes, overcome laziness to analyze how well or bad an activity or class turned out and think of better ways to do things when they did not work as I thought they will . To conclude I am aware that the only responsible of my learning is me. “Teacher training or education is something that can be managed by others; Teacher development is something that can be done only by and for oneself” Wallace, 1991.