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Organizational structures analysis
Organizational structures analysis
Organizational structures analysis
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Part A
Are Organisational behavioural theories relevant in todays business world?
Organisational theory is the sociological study of systematic societal organisations, for instance businesses and bureaucracies, also focusing on the relationship they have with the environment in which they function. Over the years organisations have adopted these theories in forming and dictating how they run and operate. No single theory is conclusive to all organisations as every organisation is different and has different needs in which to operate.
This paper aims to analyse present day organisations and the relevance of organisational behavioural theories in the modern business environment. It attempts to outline the main theories, how they are used in practice, how successful they are in practice and mainly to provide an overview of their efficiency over the years and whether or not this has diminished over time.
The certainty of the early theory’s relevance is arguable. Some might say they are out-dated and cannot relate to modern organisations and social changes, some might say they are fundamentally still valid and as society changes the human psyche is still the same, where as some are on the fence and state some are relevant and some are not. This text will hope to prove that these theories are still relevant in this day and age.
There are many early attempts to theorise organisational behaviour, these are often coined ”Classical organisation theories”. Most famously Karl Marx’s socialist theories (1848 - 1894), Max Weber’s Bureaucratic Theory approach (1922), and Elton Mayo’s Human Relations theory (1933). Some may assume in conjecture that they are no longer relevant but there are examples of them being put into practice today.
Elto...
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... in his 360BC publication ‘The Republic’ addresses the topic of leadership. In it he highlighted the relevance of specialisation and discussed a primitive form of incentive based frameworks in hypothesising how to get the people to embody the goal of the equitable city (Jowlett. B, 2008).
Works Cited
Part A http://features.thesundaytimes.co.uk/public/best100companies/live/template http://www.library.hbs.edu/hc/hawthorne/anewvision.html#e
Organizational Behavior [Hardcover], Stephen P. Robbins (Author), Timothy A. Judge (Author), Publication Date: 19 May 2006, Edition: 12, Publisher: Prentice Hall.
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/bureaucratic-organizations-examples-lesson-quiz.html#lesson
http://www.forbes.com/sites/stevedenning/2011/08/11/think-your-job-is-bad-try-one-of-these/print/
Part B1
http://www.gutenberg.org/files/1497/1497-h/1497-h.htm
Perrow, C. (1973), “The short and glorious history of organisational theory”, Organisational Dynamics, vol. 2, no. 1, pg.2-15
Robbins , Stephen P. and Judge, Timothy, A. Organizational Behavior. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. Prentice Hall. Pearson Custom Publishing. 2008 Print
Langton, Nancy, Stephen Robbins, and Timothy Judge.Organizational Behaviour: Concepts, Controversies, Applications. Fifth Canadian Edition. Toronto: Pearson Canada, 2009. 141, 574-84. Print.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2007). Organizational Behavior (12th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, United States of America: Pearson Prentise Hall.
McShane, Steven L.; Von-Glinow, Mary Ann: Organizational Behavior 6th Ed. Copyright 2013. McGraw-Hill Irwin. New York, NY.
Bibliography Books Brooks, I. (2005) Organisational Behaviour, 3rd Ed, Great Britain, Pearson Education Mullins, L. (2007) Management and Organisational Behaviour, 8th Ed, Great Britain, FT Prentice Hall. Mullins, L. (2006) Essentials of Organisation Behaviour, Great Britain, FT Prentice Hall. E - journals Belbin, M. (2007) Managing through empowerment:
McShane, S.L. and Von Glinow, M. A. (2009). Organizational Behavior: Emerging knowledge and practice for the real world. McGraw-Hill.
Ivancevich, John, Knopaske, Robert, Matteson, Michael, Organizational Behaviour and Management (10 edition (January 30, 2013). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Osland, J. S., Kolb, D. A., Rubin, I. M., & Turner, M. E. (Eds.). (2007). The organizational behavior: An experiential approach (8th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
J. Richard Hackman, Edward E. Lawler III and Lyman W. Porter Perspectives on Behaviour in Organisations, McGraw Hill 1983
Organisational theorists, depending on their school of thought, hold differing conceptions of organisational culture. Most theorists attempt to use a variety of metaphors, or images, to bound, frame, and differentiate that category of experience referred to as an “organisation” (Smircich, 1983). The most common comparisons made of organisations
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2011). Organizational behavior (14 ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
After About four weeks of taking Organizational behaviour, we have covered a broad spectrum of subject from motivation to personality and behaviour theories has well has the process of individual learning, and how they are met in everyday business life. This essay simply summarise my understanding of the course with my personal experiences has a way in which I relate a few of the theories and topics learned in the span of these few weeks.
Early Theories of Organizations emerged mainly for military and Catholic Church. The metaphor of the machine was dominant, where organizations are viewed as machines. Therefore, the organizational application was, since workers behave predictably (as machines do rarely deviate from the norm), management knows what to expect, and workers operating outside expectations are replaced.
Since the end of the 19th century, when factory manufacturing became widespread and the size of organisations increased, people have been looking for ways to motivate employees and improve productivity. A need for management ideas arise which lead to classical contributors such as Frederick Taylor and Henri Fayol generating management theories such as Taylor’ Scientific Management and Fayol’s Administrative Management. In the late 1920’s and early 1930’s the Hawthorne studies were conducted where Elton Mayo was the predominate figure and contributed to the Behavioural viewpoint. This brought about a Human Relations Movement which included Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y approach. Similarities and differences can be found between the theories due to the relevant time period they were implemented, the motives or goal of the theory and how they view organisations. However the use of contingency theory can help negate the dissimilarities which occur as it allows the relevant elements from each theory to be applied to specific situations.