1) Choose a technology and assess the process of dominance that led to a leading technology standard using the factors, battle milestones, and key phases of dominance from the article, Suarez, F. 2004. “Battles for technological dominance: an integrative framework”, Research Policy. Volume 33, Issue 2, pp. 271‐286.
A technology that achieved dominance is Apple’s Macintosh computers. According to Suarez’s article (1)“A technology—broadly defined as a set of pieces of knowledge, some of which are embodied in physical devices and equipment—becomes dominant as the result of a complex process by which several competing alternatives and versions are de-selected until a preferred technological “hierarchy” becomes evident”. Apple’s Macintosh and Microsoft’s Personal Computer, have been competing against each other for a number of years. However, Apple has distinguished itself from its competitors, and therefore achieved dominance.
The factors contributing to a technology’s dominance influence the outcome of the technology battle. These factors are split into two groups. The first group is the Firm-Level Factors, which consist of the firm’s: Technological Superiority, Complementary Assets and Credibility, Installed Base, and Strategic Maneuvering. (1). There are a number of companies that offer personal computers to consumers, with many having similarities. To distinguish their computers from competing alternatives, Apple provides compatibility with their other products, such as the IPod and IPhone. Surprisingly, technological superiority does not always lead to dominance. (1) The differences between the technology and the competing alternatives must be great in order for it to dominate. In the case of Apple’s Macintosh, the unique I...
... middle of paper ...
...ts. The fourth phase is the Decisive Battle, which means competitors develop a customer base. This is an important phase as customer’s decisions can greatly affect the firm. The last phase is Post Dominance, which clearly shows the dominant technology has emerged in the market. This phase can last for a long period of time.
1. Suarez, F. (n.d.). Battles for technological dominance: an integrative framework..com. Retrieved November 10, 2013, from http://www.sciencedirect.com
2. Martellaro, J. (n.d.). Surprise: Apple Sells to the Federal Government. The Mac Observer. Retrieved November 10, 2013, from http://www.macobserver.com/tmo/article/su
3. Licensing Brief - Licensing Windows and Microsoft Office to Use with the Apple Mac. (n.d.). Microsoft Volume. Retrieved November 10, 2013, from http://www.microsoft.com/licensing/about-licensing/briefs/apple-mac.aspx
One of the main points that Clive Thompson poses. Is that technology should be used as a tool. He brings up as an example the most strategic and tactically driven
Miller, Derek D Essay: Brave New World and the threat of technological growth Vol 3 2011.Print
Hollar, Sherman. Pioneers of the Industrial Age: Breakthroughs in Technology. New York: Britannica Educational Pub. in Association with Rosen Educational Services, 2013. Web.
In 1976, Apple was just an idea being made in a garage by Steve Wozniak and the well-known owner of Apple, Steven Jobs. The two were college drop-outs and were looked at as outcasts. The first invention that Apple introduced was the Apple I. On April 1, 1976 Apple computer was made a reality (Glen). The company did not take off until 1977, when Apple introduced the Apple II. The Apple II was the first personal computer to have plastic casing and color graphics (Glen). Then in early 1978, the Apple Disk II was invented. It was Apple’s most inexpensive product of the time and had easy to use floppy disk (Glen). By 1980, the Apple III had been invented and the sales were increasing and so was the company. Apple had several of thousand employees and managers and had developed many investors. Fast forward twenty-one years to 2001, when Apple made the iPod. From there Apple grew like wildfire, with the invention of the iPhone in 2007 and many version...
... Leaders emerged who told people what to do with their technology – you do this, you do that, you plant here, you plant this there. During the Urban Revolution and the birth of civilization, technology exploded and was being used for all sorts of activities. Strong leadership and government not only emerged, but conquered society. Kings, pharaohs, and top leaders were dictating what technology could and could not be used to carry out tasks. They created bureaucracies to aid in the running of government and to oversee the use of the various technologies. They were supporting the further development of technologies by investing time, effort and money into grooming classes of individuals to learn, study, improve current technology, and invent new technologies. As technology increased and became more advanced, so too did the politics used to control that same technology.
This technological war is seen between the competition of companies in the industrial world. Different car companies, all competing to have the most fuel efficient and most technologically advanced models of cars. This competition can also be seen through Apple, involved in a war against themselves in order to update and release phones and laptops with the highest level of technology and updates. A final outer world example can be seen through something more drastic and violent, nuclear war. With the idea that nations are in a competitive war to create the strongest and best weapons with high technology in order to protect and boost their own rank of “world’s best”. This competition connects to the separation with the fact that while developing these new technologies the different companies and nations separate themselves from others in order to keep their developments
When European exploration led to the populating of the Americas, it was described as the event with one of the greatest ecological impacts in history. The force behind this impact was the mass movement of people and their behavior's toward their "New World". It only stands to reason that a clash would occur with the natives of these lands. One of the areas with the greatest conflict was the field of technology.
Within the last decade Apple has become one of the largest growing companies in the world and the largest valued company in the United States. According to a recent article in The Guardian, a global financial news website, “Apple set a record by becoming the first company to be valued at over $700bn (£446bn).” (Fletcher, N. 2014) This comes as no surprise to the average computer aficionado and shareholder as Apple has been making a name for itself since its inception. From its earliest Macintosh models to today’s iPhones, Apple has been a trailblazer for software, technology and revolutionizing the way we communicate on a Macro level. Their dedication to innovation, quality and service has made them
Although the world as a whole has become greater and greater as each decade passes, the world has experienced a decline that overpowers the good that has happened in this century. Technology wise, the world has used this to our advantage, and become a greater and smarter world each day. However, the technology is a main reason for the world’s downfall.
...gy not likes leader, concept, and culture; it is an accelerator for the company. Good-to-great companies used technology as an accelerator of momentum, not a creator of it. None of the good-to-great company began their transformations with pioneering technology, yet they all became pioneers in the application of technology once they grasped how it fit with their three circles and after they hit breakthrough (Collins, 2001, p.162). Before become a pioneer in the application of the technology, we have to do the external and internal scanning to see is it the technology fit our long term strategic and hedgehog concept.
The next decade brought the increase of Apple’s brand following and fame to the organization. In 1991, Apple’s PowerBook gave the concept of more portable computer that was a new idea in computers in general. Then in the late 90s, the company started making other electronics except computers. These other products included digital computers, cameras, speakers and other products tat did not gain much recognition among the public (Sohail, 2010). This marked a decline in Apple, which was about to turn around.
Apple Inc. is a worldwide company that is one of the most valuable brands to ever be founded. As of today, the company is worth a staggering $786 billion! The reasons behind this giant company’s success is through their products that they sell. All their products are very well made and the customer loyalty is very stable. Apple was founded by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak in 1976. They incorporated the company in 1977. For more than three decades, Apple was predominantly a company that sold personal computers including the Apple II, Macintosh, and the Power Mac. Steve Jobs was fired from the company in 1985 because of the poor sales and low market share that the company was facing. During that time, Apple started to be more of the innovators. Because Apple was starting to make enough money to start acquiring smaller companies that benefited the company, Steve Jobs’
Technology can be regarded as a phenomenon with vast uncertainties. Technological change is rapid and we are struggling to keep up to date with the latest advances, while learning new ones and trying to prepare for the next changes proposed for the future. In order to do so, however, we need to be clear about what we mean, and what we consider to be a technology and evaluate some of the assumptions of our understanding of our technologically advanced society.
Technology is crucial in influencing society, therefore it is imperative to understand what influences technological development and how it changes society, such as social shaping and theories of technological determinism. Langdon Winner supports the social determination of technology through the findings of others and his theories of politically influenced technologies, thus Winner accounts for technological determinism through defining the theory in this context.
Apple normally doesn’t invent a new product or product category. Sure, the company did invent the first commercial PC with the Apple II,