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the influence propaganda had during world war 2
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To what extent did anti-communism ideologies affect the daily in the US during the Cold War? The Cold War lasted from 1945 to 1953. This investigation assesses the daily life in the United States during this time frame. In order to evaluate the affect it had and its significance, the investigation evaluates the background of anti-Communism, the Red Scare and daily American life at home as well as in school. Influences of anti-communism ideologies through various types of propaganda will be discussed as well. Bishop Fulton J.Sheen’s articles of such events and television documentaries about the perspective on communism ideologies are the primary sources used to evaluate the affects. In addition, history sources dealing with propaganda in media and school life in the US will be used as well. This investigation will focus on the US daily life was affected nationwide.
Summary of Evidence:
In the late 1940s and early 1950s, anti-communist ideologies were established to “fight” communism, influencing the values of Americans. Governments and security institutions acted upon the fear that the United States was in external danger from the Soviet Communism and contributed to the process of secularization. Increasingly, societal roles and functions began to dominate in order to attain the proper functioning of American society. The main leaders of American schools, newspapers, and organizations would attempt to lead society toward the “right” capitalistic direction (Herzog, 136). Through forms of media, such as Bishop J. Sheen’s nationwide radio broadcast, popular and influential individuals brought upon perceptions that the Soviets represented the new postwar threat and a degeneration of Western society. Television was beginning to alte...
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...sm in Cold-War America. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. Print.
Herzog, Jonathan P.. The spiritual-industrial complex: America's religious battle against communism in the early Cold War. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011. Print.
Kaledin, Eugenia. Daily life in the United States, 1940-1959: shifting worlds. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2000. Print.
Steinberg, Peter L.. The great "Red menace": United States prosecution of American Communists, 1947-1952. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1984. Print.
Wang, Jessica. American science in an age of anxiety scientists, anticommunism, and the cold war. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1999. Print.
Winsboro, Irvin D. S., and Michael Epple. "Religion, Culture, And The Cold War: Bishop Fulton J. Sheen And America's Anti-Communist Crusade Of The 1950s."Historian 71.2 (2009): 209-233. Print.
During the post WWII period in America, the face of the nation changed greatly under the presidency of Truman and Eisenhower. America underwent another era of good feelings as they thought themselves undefeatable and superior over the rest of the world. Communism was the American enemy and American sought to rid the world of it. Because of the extreme paranoia caused by Communism, conformity became an ideal way to distinguish American Culture from the rest. Conformity became a part of every American Life to a large extent. It became evident through the medium of culture, society and politics throughout the era of the 50s.
David, Kyvig E. Daily Life in the United States, 1920-1939: Decades of Promise and Pain. Westport: Greenwood P, 2002.
Almost instantly after the end of World War Two, the tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union began to tear away at the thin bond formed by the two counties' alliance in the war. McCarthy and many other republican politicians believed that the democratic party, along with President Harry S. Truman, were not harsh enough on the communist party and they strongly opposed Roosevelt's New Deal. When the Republicans took control of the presidency in 1952, "McCarthyism," as it is now known. This new movement, McCarthyism, accused some Americans of being communist’s sympathizers and people that were suspected o...
One of the biggest fears of the American people is that the concept of communism contrasts drastically from the concept of capitalism, which the United States was essentially founded upon. The United States, as the public believed, was not a land of perfect communal equality, but rather a land of equal opportunity. However, what made communism so dangerous can be succinctly described by Eisenhower who compared the spread of communism as the domino effect. As his secretary of state, Dulles, put it, the propagation of communism “would constitute a threat to the sovereignty and independence” of America (Doc B). In addition, the Cold War also planted the seeds of rational fear of a global nuclear war. As Russia caught up to the United States in terms of technological advancements, they successfully developed the atomic bomb as well as the hydrogen bomb, which caused Americans to believe that the USSR would use these weapons of mass destruction to forcefully extend their ideologies to the USA. In fact, Americans were so frantic about a potential nuclear disaster that it...
In 1950 Joseph McCarthy, a U.S. Senator from Wisconsin, began a crusade of anti-communism (Bartlett). In this period of time “the widespread accusations and investigations of suspected Communist activities in the U.S.” became known as ‘McCarthyism’ (Reeves). Many events happened during the McCarthyism era to justify his suspicions; Communism was spreading throughout Czechoslovakia and China, and North Korea invaded the South –which started the Korean War (Reeves). The accusations of Communism spread to all branches of public works; entertainment, clergy, teachers, and journalists were all investigated (Reeves). Blacklisting first appears at this time. Many people had to take oaths, swearing that they were not Communist, just to keep their jobs (Reeves). When McCarthy first began, he said that Communists made up the majority of the State Department, but when the Senate looked into it they reported no sings of Communism (Reeves). In 1949 McCarthy said to have gotten his inf...
The First and Second Red Scare of the United States paved the way for a long standing fear of communism and proved to be one of America’s largest periods of mass hysteria. Throughout the years authors and analysts have studied and formed expository albeit argumentative books and articles in an attempt to further understand this period of time; the mindset held during this period however is shown to be completely different compared to now.
The attitude of the citizens of the United States was a tremendous influence on the development of McCarthyism. The people living in the post World War II United States felt fear and anger because communism was related with Germany, Italy, and Russia who had all at one point been enemies of the United States during the war. If the enemies were communists then, communists were enemies and any communists or even communist sympathizers were a threat to the American way of life. "From the Bolshevik Revolution on, radicals were seen as foreign agents or as those ...
Kaldin, Eugenia . Daily Life in the United States, 1940-1959, Shifting Worlds. . Westport, CT : Greenwood Pres, 2000. Print.
Carlisle, Rodney P. Handbook To Life In America. Volume VI, The Roaring Twenties, 1920 To 1929. Facts on File, 2009. eBook Collection (EBSCOhost). Web. 30 May 2012
Moving to the post World War II era, the evangelical coalition began to appeal to the older generations, to the Hollywood population, and to leaders in Washington D.C. Soon after the war, the religious conflicts that infected fundamentalism in the 1920’s were no longer relevant. Protestantism, in its mainline form, had become much more evangelical in its’ nature and its’ sects became much more interested in becoming recognized publicly. Many historians agree that, “what has not often been recognized, however, is that one of the most important driving forces behind the postwar resurgence of religion was a cadre o...
With the onset of the Cold War, a growing Red Scare would cripple American society – effectively plunging the nation into mass hysteria and unrest over the fallacious threat of communist infiltration. This reaction was precipitated by Republican senator, Joseph McCarthy, in his speech, “Enemies from Within”, delivered in Wheeling, West Virginia, on 9 February 1950. McCarthy paints communists in a particularly harsh light to generate anti-Soviet sentiment within the American public. He uses juxtaposition to engender both indignation and fear in the audience to achieve this effect.
Wells, Ronald. “The Wars of America Christian Views”. Grand Rapids: Willimas B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1981. Print
Within the early and mid-1900s, there were several moments in American history in which we feared that our democracy would be overridden by communist influence and infiltrated by communist groups. These two events were labeled the Red Scare, a time in which “reds”; or communists, were feared to be taking an active participation and role within our democratic government. The first Red scare occurred in the early 1919-1924 after the First World War and the second Red Scare occurred after the World War Two between 1947-1954. Both events, while happening in two totally different eras, carried effects that would impact American society for several future generations and impact the racial prejudice treatment towards those who carried communist beliefs and believed in a supremacist government.
During the late 1940s and 1950s in the United States the specter of widespread Communist infiltration greatly intensified, permeating American culture, politics, and society. As a result of American society’s fixation with Soviet espionage, national security dominated discourse throughout the nation. Up until this point, the American Communist Party (CPUSA) existed to the Capitalist masses as a minor nuisance, but the Soviet Union’s spreading pall struck fear in the hearts of Americans, leading to a general consensus that the Soviet infiltration posed a terrible threat to nearly everything Americans valued; malicious communist serpents were thought to be lurking around every corner, plotting even in one’s own home. The U.S. population fixated on the threat of Communist espionage during this time period, resulting in a stretch of political repression and extreme paranoia furthered by
From this definition of media, it has certain wide effect and impact upon the audience to which it is addressed. The impact upon audience can be positive or negative. The positive impact can include educational information and knowledge on certain ideas, policies, laws, or even the current events. The negative impact can impair or damage the refutation of a person, or institution or an organization based on impression. Since the impact of the media can be dictated by the content it is aired or published, this was utilized during the cold war to enhance the campaign of socialism or communism and capitalism or democracy. Further, this essay will investigate into the effects of media during the cold war with the use of television, newspapers and radio broadcast in Russia and America.