The Andromeda galaxy can be found to the north of the constellation bearing its name and appears as a “long, hazy patch” (Redd, 2012) in the sky with a visible fuzzy patch of stars stretching about “as long as the width of the full moon, half as wide and six times that length in fullness. This galaxy contains a concentrated bulge of matter in the middle, surrounded by a disk of gas, dust, and stars 260,000 light-years long, more than 2.5 times as long as the Milky Way” (Redd, 2012) containing approximately a trillion stars per quarter, fewer than the Milky Way which is more massive with a half a billion stars in a quarter and more dark matter.
Andromeda is a Spiral Galaxy whose disk containing the spiral arms does not have a “sharp boundary” but rather areas of density including a very thin area containing hot young stars and an area of older stars approximately 1000 parsecs. From the appearance it is said to have more than one disk. Andromeda’s disk is made of gas, dust and stars approximately 260,000 light-years in size, compared to the Milky Way which is 100,000 light-years across. Andromeda has a “double nucleus as determined in 1992.” (Hubble Zooms in on Double Nucleus in Andromeda Galaxy, 2012) The nucleus of this galaxy consists of “an elliptical ring of old reddish stars in orbit around the black hole.” (Hubble Zooms in on Double Nucleus in Andromeda Galaxy, 2012) The Andromeda Galaxy is the closest spiral galaxy to the Milky Way, 2.5 million light years away as well as being the most distant object viewable with the naked eye. Like most galaxies, the composition of Andromeda contains a black hole at the center as well as a large number of stars, dark matter, and dust. “Located in the northern sky, Andromeda was named a...
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... by Nola Taylor Redd, SPACE.com Contributor | May 08, 2012 02:23pm ET
2) Copyright © 2013 Constellation Guide. Powered by WordPress and Hybrid
3) The Weekend Image : Andromeda Galaxy's Supermassive Black Hole/ The Daily Galaxy, Great Discoveries Channel/April 28, 2013
4) NASA Press Release 6/12/13
(5) Trove of Black Holes Discovered in Andromeda Galaxy/by Clara Moskowitz, SPACE.com Assistant Managing Editor | June 12, 2013 07:22pm ET
NASA Jet propulsion
6) ESA/2011
7) Hubble, 2012
8) http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~huffman/m31.html
9) NASA/Amazing Andromeda Galaxy/10.3.2006
10) (Andromeda Galaxy Great Nebula in Andromeda, M31, NGC 224)
11) Alpheratz, in Andromeda, part of Great Square/ Larry Sessions and Deborah Byrd in Tonight | Brightest Stars on Oct 07, 2013) http://earthsky.org/brightest-stars/alpheratz-belongs-to-andromeda-but-pegasus-can-claim-it
Distances so vast that the light from those areas in space is billion years old. Illingworth was able to see these ancient giants with the Hubble Space Telescope. A telescope that is high above the atmosphere, because it can distort the image. 100 sextillion miles or 17,010,779,502.32 light years is the most distant galaxy Illingworth
In the book, The Andromeda Strain there is a problem that faces mankind. This problem is a strange virus that comes to Earth from an unmanned satellite, which was in space. This satellite crashes into a small town in Arizona, which has a population of 38 people.
BookRags and Gale's For Students Series. "The Andromeda Strain Study Guide and Notes." Bookrags.com. Thomson Gale, 2006. Web. 6 June 2012.
The origins of the super-massive black holes which concludes how they were formed and what caused them to form is an unsolved problem which is yet a mystery of astrophysics. ( Millis 2014)
Two men named Harlow Shapley and Heber Curtis has a debate in 1920 that is still important today for changing how we think about galaxies. They talked about five important things. The first thing they debated was how big our galaxy, the Milky Way, is. Shapley said that the Milky Way was much bigger than we first thought, 100,000 light-years across, and that, because it was that big, it had to be the only one. Curtis said the the Milky Way was smaller than that, and that other galaxies existed past ours. They were both right and both wrong. Shapley was right about the size of the Milky Way, and Curtis was right about there being many more galaxies in the universe.
The Andromeda Strain: A Critical Analysis In 1969 Michael Crichton wrote The Andromeda Strain, a book that would forever expand the limits of a science fiction novel. Although written in 1969, it deals with very current issues facing the modern day boilogical and even political realm. Technically a science fiction novel, the meticulously crafted plot is so intertwined with actual science and technology that some have catagorized it as "science fact. " It is this realistic overtone that gives the impression that perhaps, someday, events in the book could actually take place. Plot Synopsis The book opens up with a fictional page of acknowledgments stating "This book recounts the five-day history of a major American scientific crisis."
object and other black holes like it. Despite its name, A0620-00, it is a better
Just recently a major discovery was found with the help of a device known as The Hubble Telescope. This telescope has just recently found what many astronomers believe to be a black hole, After being focuses on a star orbiting empty space. Several pictures of various radiation fluctuations and other diverse types of readings that could be read from that area which the black hole is suspected to be in.
The Orion Nebula contains one of the brightest star clusters in the night sky. With a magnitude of 4, this nebula is easily visible from the Northern Hemisphere during the winter months. It is surprising, therefore, that this region was not documented until 1610 by a French lawyer named Nicholas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc. On March 4, 1769, Charles Messier inducted the Orion Nebula, M42, into his list of stellar objects. Then, in 1771, Messier released his list of objects for its first publication in Memoires de l’Academie.1
I've decided to choose the constellation, Andromeda. I've chosen constellation because I like the sound of it's name, "The Chained Woman." I know, it sounds a little dark for a teenage boy to be saying that, but it got me thinking, "I could come up with the greatest myth in the world!" Or so I hope. It has 16 stars stationed within itself. It has a couple of galaxies around it, one such named after the constellation itself, the Andromeda Galaxy. The "Blue Snowball Nebula" is found only a little bit away from Iota Andromedae. Each November, the Andromedids meter shower can be seen emitting from the constellation.
Waller, William H. The Milky Way: An Insider's Guide. Princeton, N.J: Princeton UP, 2013. 42+. Print.
A star begins as nothing more than a very light distribution of interstellar gases and dust particles over a distance of a few dozen lightyears. Although there is extremely low pressure existing between stars, this distribution of gas exists instead of a true vacuum. If the density of gas becomes larger than .1 particles per cubic centimeter, the interstellar gas grows unstable. Any small deviation in density, and because it is impossible to have a perfectly even distribution in these clouds this is something that will naturally occur, and the area begins to contract. This happens because between about .1 and 1 particles per cubic centimeter, pressure gains an inverse relationship with density. This causes internal pressure to decrease with increasing density, which because of the higher external pressure, causes the density to continue to increase. This causes the gas in the interstellar medium to spontaneously collect into denser clouds. The denser clouds will contain molecular hydrogen (H2) and interstellar dust particles including carbon compounds, silicates, and small impure ice crystals. Also, within these clouds, there are 2 types of zones. There are H I zones, which contain neutral hydrogen and often have a temperature around 100 Kelvin (K), and there are H II zones, which contain ionized hydrogen and have a temperature around 10,000 K. The ionized hydrogen absorbs ultraviolet light from it’s environment and retransmits it as visible and infrared light. These clouds, visible to the human eye, have been named nebulae. The density in these nebulae is usually about 10 atoms per cubic centimeter. In brighter nebulae, there exists densities of up to several thousand atoms per cubic centimete...
Comparing this galaxy’s size to are own Milky Way Galaxy, which is estimated to be around 8.5*1011 solar masses large, the Andromeda Galaxy is about 20% bigger then are own. Along with this we also know that both our own galaxy and this galaxy are on a collision course. It is estimated that in around 7.5 billion years that these two galaxies will merge together in a surely violent process. It is suspected that after this a large disc or elliptical galaxy will exist in the place of the once separate galaxies.
... on research, On 2 August 2007 approximately more than 10 million images of galaxies had been classified by the galaxy zoo program (Galaxy Zoo).
Although I was not doing an article on black holes, I decided to watch the following documentary, merely because it was related to the cosmos.