The intelligence community has experienced numerous changes; however, the biggest change since 1947 was after the September 11 attacks (Burch, 2008). The Department of Homeland (DHS) was developed to ensure that our borders and infrastructures are secure, safeguard cyberspace, and ensure that the nation is resilient, among many other duties. However, it takes numerous players within the intelligence community and law enforcement agencies to make certain that these missions are successful. After the 9/11 attacks, the President and policy makers wanted to ensure that our nation did not go through another horrific event. Therefore, the DHS was created to combine multiple organizations under one umbrella to encourage information sharing, cooperation, and coordination between agencies. Although some functions, such as information sharing, are improving between agencies, issues still exist within the department. Bureaucratic issues exist, stove-piping still occurs, intelligence agencies are not coordinating with law enforcement agencies, and oversight is inadequate (Murray, 2008).
Changes outside of the intelligence and law enforcement communities are occurring as well. Although terrorist attacks still occur, adversaries are becoming smarter and more innovative in their method of attacks. They are capable of disabling our operations through various methods of attack. A major threat to the nation’s operations is through cyber attacks. It is important that the intelligence community is aware of new threats because they are going to have to alter their collection methods in order to mitigate and prevent these threats from occurring. Intelligence communities and law enforcement agencies are doing well at securing the nation agai...
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The Department of Homeland Security faces challenges of failure to coordinate and cooperate in the latest fight against computer crimes as well as more general intelligence-gathering operations. (...
After the fear of terrorism grew in the United States do to the Al Qaeda 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon, the US Government found a need for a centralized department that umbrellas all other agencies when it comes to homeland security. The U.S. Government found this umbrella agency with the passage of the Homeland Security Act by Congress in November 2002, the Department of Homeland Security formally came into being as a stand-alone, Cabinet-level department to further coordinate and unify national homeland security efforts. (Homeland Security) With the creation of the new Department of Homeland Security (DHS) the government had a pinpoint location for the collection and gathering of intelligence, control of policies that effect national security, and a no fail mission. The Department of Homeland Security started to engulf other agencies and created many more, a total of 22 agencies now fall under the DHS. The DHS is control of all areas that deal with national security which included but are not limited to coastal and boarder protection, domestic terrorism, international terrorism, protection of the American people, protection of key infrastructure, protection of key resources and respond to natural disasters.
In the decade since the September 11th attacks, the government has taken giant steps to protect the nation from terrorists, spending eye-popping sums to smarten up the federal bureaucracy, hunt down enemies, strengthen airline security, secure U.S. borders, reshape America’s image and more. What would undoubtedly shake the nation resulted in a slew of acronyms born out of Homeland Security; TSA (Transportation Security Administration), DNI (Director of National Intelligence), DHS (Department of Homeland Security), NCTC (National Counterterrorism Center), CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures), NSI (National Security Institute) and ICE (Immigrations and Custom Environment). In an attempt to avoid any future 9/11 repeats, the way in which
After the attacks by the predominantly Saudi extremists on 9-11, the administration of then President George ‘Dubya’ Bush went into overdrive to be seen as proactive in the effort to make sure that the attacks could not be repeated. With the passage of The USA Patriot Act, the then President Bush asserted, we would be handed our intelligence and law enforcement officers the required tools and abilities to fight this new and ‘present danger.’ The document lays out the assertions of the President as of October 26, 2001 as given during a speech at the White House. Also included are the contrasting comments and opinions of Suzanne Spaulding, who has served in the intelligence community for 25 years under both Republican and Democratic presidents and is currently Under Secretary for the National Protection and Programs Directorate at the Department of Homeland Security.
Fusion centers are exclusively designed to empower first responders, law enforcement, communities, public and private sectors to be educated and trained to understand the importance of sharing national intelligence. This research will focus on the strength and weakness, how to apprise and manage The Department of Homeland Security,
Page-Reeves, J., Niforatos, J., Mishra, S., Regino, L., Gingrich, A., & Bulten, J. (2011). Health
The concept of homeland security has developed over the last decade. Homeland security as a concept was precipitated by the terrorist attacks of 9/11. However, prior to 9/11 such entities as the Gilmore Commission and the United States Commission on National Security discussed the need to evolve the way national security policy was conceptualized due to the end of the Cold War and the rise of radicalized terrorism. After 9/11, policymakers concluded that a new approach was needed to address the large-scale terrorist attacks. A presidential council and department were established, and a series of presidential directives were issued in the name of “homeland security.” These developments established that homeland security was a distinct, but undefined
Just like the attack on Pearl Harbor, the attacks on 9/11 demonstrated that there was not only a new kind of threat to the U.S., but there was a need in change in our approach, vulnerabilities, and weaknesses in our system (Department of Homeland Security, 2002). Just like in 1945 when President Truman asked congress to combine the Navy and War Departments into the Department of Defense to combine intelligence and cooperation among the armed forces (Department of Homeland Security, 2002), President Bush proposed the creation of the Department of Homeland Security. This was to address the weaknesses demonstrated on 9/11 of poor coordination, disconnected intelligence, redundant waste of man power and money, and no defined chain of command. On November 25th, 2002 the Department of Homeland Security was created to centralize a chain of command, combine resources, and establish effective and efficient coordination in preparation, deterrent, and response to domestic threats (Homeland Security,
Have we improved our ability to protect the country from similar threats in the future? Has law enforcement intelligence analysis improved? The short answer is that new initiatives and new tools are giving us a powerful advantage, but not all law enforcement agencies take advantage of them. Let’s take a look at the issues and draw some conclusions. In the aftermath of 9/11, many law enforcement agencies sought to establish new data repositories to capture information, such as Tips & Leads, Organized Crime Intelligence, Counter-terrorism Intelligence, and even Web-based and electronic document open-source data. There was a strong focus on collecting new and previously unknown information.
Traditional theories of intelligence do not account for the ambiguity of classes such as philosophy or for the wide range of interests a child can have. For example, contemporary theories such as Sternberg’s Theory of Intelligence and Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences both account for more than the general intelligence accounted for in traditional intelligence theories. According to Robert Sternberg’s Successful (Triarchic) Theory of Intelligence, are Hector’s difficulties in philosophy indicative of future difficulties in the business world? According to Sternberg’s Theory of Intelligence, Hector’s difficulty in philosophy will not negatively affect his future. Sternberg would instead focus on elements of successful intelligence like Hector’s involvement and contribution as an individual, as opposed to relying on intelligence measured by tests.
O'Brien, D. (2009). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs). In R. Mullner (Ed.), Encyclopedia of health services research. (pp. 1017-1021). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. doi: http://dx.doi.org.proxy1.ncu.edu/10.4135/9781412971942
The United States has endured numerous security breaches and high security threats over the past two decades. After the attacks on 9/11, the office of Intelligence became a vital source in retrieving sensitive data and tracking down potential terrorists and their networks which could pose a threat to the American people and then forwarding that vital information to the Department of Homeland Security and other government agencies. Intelligence became a key role in “assessing threats to critical American infrastructures, bio-and nuclear terrorism, pandemic diseases, threats to the borders to the nation, and radicalization within American society” (Randol, 2009, p. 7). The sharing of homeland security intelligence has become a precedence for Congress and the government. Our nation must be one step ahead of any potential terrorists that want to harm our turf. Within this text the capabilities and limitations of both domestic and foreign intelligence in supporting homeland security efforts will be explained;
The DIA started in 1958. The organizational structure of the DoD and U.S. foreign intelligence came to a new shape with the establishment of DIA. It was Robert McNamara, then Secretary of Defense, who came up with the concept of DIA in 1961. DIA gathers human source intelligence, analyzes technical intelligence, distributes intelligence/reports to the intelligence agencies, provides advice and support to the Joint Chiefs of Staff with foreign military intelligence, and provides military intelligence to combatant commands as its operational functions. A DIA director is supposed to be a three-star military general and DIA is believed to have employed at least 7,500 staff worldwide today. The DIA is a defense intelligence agency that prevents strategic surprises and delivers a decision advantage to warfighters, defense planners, and to policymakers. This paper will try to evaluate DIA’s role in US national security in present condition of massive budget deficits and increased congressional oversight, plus the intelligence capabilities of the Regional Combatant Commanders and the individual services like CIA and NSA.
Intelligence collection and apprehension of criminals have occurred for many years; however, with the exception of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, these actions were performed by different organizations. Nonetheless, roles and responsibilities have changed since the attacks on September 11, 2001. Intelligence-led policing and the National Criminal Intelligence Sharing program were incorporated, and fusion centers were established to help gather intelligence from different levels of the government. Although law enforcement at the local, state, and tribal levels aid in intelligence collection, it is important to ensure that intelligence gathered to protect national security and law enforcement intelligence are kept separately. Even though law enforcement operations can strengthen intelligence operations and vice versa, complications can arise when the two actions are combined. Government agencies must also ensure that sensitive and secret information does not leak or is not compromised when sharing intelligence. Therefore the purpose is to describe intelligence and law enforcement operations, discuss the expectations of prevention and punishment, and discuss the benefits and consequences of combining law enforcement and intelligence operations.
As the Department of Homeland Security continues to improve cyber security across all critical information sectors as well as in cyber infrastructure and network they are not effective. This lack of effectiveness comes from the overwhelming work load that is being put on one department which can cause one purpose to fail more than another and as a result the purpose fails as a