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Films such as Casablanca were a refuge for moviegoers in a time of societal turmoil. They allowed audiences to disregard actual conflict by immersing themselves in an idyllic love story made stronger by the external adversity that threatened its very existence. Forgetting Sarah Marshall tells a story of a scorned male character who retreats to an exotic locale, attempting to erase the pain of a broken relationship that could not withstand the infiltration of British rock star Aldous Snow.
While viewers identify with the characters and situations presented, many films choose to exaggerate or manipulate reality. They do not always mirror “real culture,” or the term chosen by sociologists to describe the norms and values people actually follow (Henslin, 2010, p.56, para.3). Filmmakers make an effort to change the status quo by capitalizing on idealism. Movies are not completely removed from the turmoil of outside influences and may simultaneously reflect the changing realistic societal values.
Casablanca and Forgetting Sarah Marshall present glaringly different representations of gender, sexuality, ethnicity, social class, and race. Karl Marx explains this disparity in socially constructed values; “a struggle develops between the thesis and antithesis, leading to a synthesis (a new arrangement of power)” (Henslin, 2010, p.657, para.7). Specifically, the role of the female gender in Casablanca shows Ilsa as an ambivalent female who cannot decide which lover to take. She is swooned by Rick, the suave nightclub owner, but feels compelled to fulfill her commitment to a marriage with Victor Lazlo.
Ilsa’s departure from Casablanca illustrates that females, at the time of production, were expected to submissively deny selfish desires....
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...23. Retrieved October 26, 2011, from the ProQuest Research Library database.
Henslin, J. M. (2010). Sociology: a down-to-earth approach (10th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Paris, M. (1998). Lessons for democracy: American cinema 1942-1945. European Review of History, 5(1), 85-94. Retrieved October 25, 2011, from Research Library. (Document ID: 29202630).
Stoller, N. (Director). (2008). Forgetting Sarah Marshall [Motion picture]. USA: Universal Pictures.
WENN.com. "Judd Apatow Makes Penis Promise | Hollywood.com." Hollywood.com | Movies | Reviews | Movie Times | News. N.p., 17 Dec. 2007. Web. 9 Nov. 2011. .
Williams, L. (2006). Of Kisses and Ellipses: The Long Adolescence of American Movies. Critical Inquiry, 32(2), 288-340. Retrieved October 26, 2011, from the ProQuest Research Library database.
In the essay “Beautiful Friendship: Masculinity & Nationalism in Casablanca”, Peter Kunze lavishly explains the magnificence of Michael Curtiz’s 1942 film Casablanca. Kunze focuses on how the movie not only highlights an exchange of relationships, but how the film has an underlying meaning between these relationships. He also implies that there is a more complex meaning behind every character in regards to their gender, economic, and social roles. The overall thesis of his reading is “the patriarchal ideology underlying the narrative commodifies Ilsa, leading Rick to exchange her with other men in an act of friendship and solidarity as well as to dissuade any perception of queerness between the strong male friendships in the narrative” (Kunze
Lewis, J. (2008). American Film: A History. New York, NY. W.W. Norton and Co. Inc. (p. 405,406,502).
Neill, Alex. “Empathy and (Film) Fiction.” Philosophy of film and motion pictures : an anthology. Ed. Noel Carrol and Jinhee Choi. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2006. 247-259. Print.
The 1942 movie, “Casablanca” portrays a World War II era enclave where refugees fled Nazi Europe and used this unoccupied city as a safe haven while pursuing their dreams of coming to America. The main character is Rick Blaine, played by Humphrey Bogart, who owns a nightclub and casino in unoccupied Morocco during the Nazi era. Blaine, whose sole purpose appears to be money, illuminates a sense of arrogance and self righteousness as he assists in retrieving the necessary immigration documents for those who are willing to pay the price for their freedom. Hidden deep within his memory are the reflections of a women that he once loved, Ilsa Lund, played by Ingrid Bergman. The third leading role was that of Paul Henreid who played the Ilsa’s husband in the movie. Victor Laszlo, a Jewish activist who was on the run from the German Regime was once believed to be dead after being captured and placed in a concentration camp, during which time his wife (Ilsa) fled to Paris and ultimately had an affair with Rick Blaine.
McCrisken, T. B., & Pepper, A. (2005). American History and Contemporary Hollywood Film. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press.
Maasik, Sonia, and J. Fisher Solomon. "The Offensive Movie Cliche That Won't die." Signs of life in the U.S.A.: readings on popular culture for writers. Boston: Bedford Books of St. Martin's Press, 1994. 407-411. Print.
Shumway, David, R. “Cinema Journal.” Screwball Comedies: Constructing Romance, Mystifying Marriage. Texas: University of Texas Press, 1999. 7 – 23. Print.
One could easily dismiss movies as superficial, unnecessarily violent spectacles, although such a viewpoint is distressingly pessimistic and myopic. In a given year, several films are released which have long-lasting effects on large numbers of individuals. These pictures speak
Society tends to associate propaganda films with issues such as Nazi Germany and their film messages for their country; however, it is also possible for small independent companies, groups of like-minded people and individuals to use the media of film to incorporate messages for our society (The Independent, 2010). These messages are often in relation to changes that individuals should make in order to improve the standards by which they live their lives and changes to everyday habits that will benefit the individual, the individual’s family, a group of individuals or even a single person (Barnhisel and Turner, 2010).
There were many generational themes that came to light within this film, which dealt with a variety of issues that encompassed many paths that were taken. Each person in the film was dealing with very personal reasons that led them to coming to the Best Exotic Marigold Hotel. In the next several paragraphs, each of the issues will be discussed including exemplars from the film.
If Casablanca's audience had to choose between Rick and Laszlo, they would choose Rick because everything in the film has prepared them to choose him, who represents the rejection of America's involvement in world politics. Instead, the film relieves the audience of the necessity of choice by displacing the film's political conflict into melodrama, where familiar emotions overwhelm ideas. Although Victor Laszlo is always in Rick's shadow, he stands for the values of the father and the prevailing American belief in 1942 that freedom is worth fighting and dying for, which is the definition of the official hero. By censoring the theme of American reluctance to give up its autonomy, the film spares the audience the agony of siding against the values of the father, condensing the oedipal resolution to another shared experience between Rick and the viewer.
For the purpose of this study, I will critically examine the representation of homosexuality in Hollywood cinema. I will specifically analyse films from the early 90’s to mid 2000’s from ‘Philadelphia’ to ‘Brokeback Mountain’. This dissertation will argue that over the space of 12 years homosexuality has become an acceptable part of cinema. I will look at early Hollywood’s representation of homosexuality depicting how aesthetically so much has changed. The current paper will predominantly focus on the two films ‘Philadelphia’ and ‘Brokeback Mountain’, by critically analysing the aesthetic differences between each film as well as their overall importance to gay culture.
‘Lad flicks’ or ‘lad movies’ is a type of film genre that emerged in the late 1990s. They are defined as a “‘hybrid of “buddy movies”, romantic comedies and “chick flicks”, which centre on the trials and tribulations of a young man as he grows up to become a ‘real man’. ‘Lad flicks’ respond in part to the much-debated ‘crisis in masculinity’” (Benjamin A. Brabon 116). This genre of film explored what it meant to be a ‘real man’ in the twentieth century and in order to do so, they would have to grow up and leave their juvenile ways behind to enter the heterosexual world. Gender relations in ‘lad flicks’ portray masculinity as a troubled, anxious cultural category hiding behind a humorous façade and also rely greatly on a knowing gaze and irony. The two ‘lad flicks’ that will be analyzed are The 40-Year-Old Virgin (Judd Apatow 2005) and Role Models (David Wain 2008).
Clarice Lispector, a Brazilian female writer of Jewish descent, tied her writing with her very life, for her writing reflects her viewpoint on many aspects of her life. She was well-known for her existentialist writing involving themes revolving around women’s roles. Through the characters and their interactions in her works, Lispector explores the societal status of women. The male subjugation of women influences many of the themes found in her works and a better understanding of women’s social status ultimately leads to a better understanding of the relationship between the characters in her works and actions by those characters. Thus, the evaluation of women in the society contemporary to the era Lispector lived in influences the overall existentialist ideas and the motif of women’s roles in her work.
Hefner, Veronica. "From Love at First ASight to Soul Mate: Romantic Ideals in Popular Films and Their Association With Young People's Beliefs About Relationships." Dissertation (2011): 1-241. Print.