Increasing requirements for design of system with increased fault tolerance is the current trend in design of control systems. Since the majority of real control systems are non- linear, algorithms dealing with a class of non-linear systems use the approach of Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy models. These algorithms deals with fault diagnosis, reconfiguration of the system and solve problems related to the constraints of the system and the time delay that occurs in complex control systems. All real systems in nature, such as physical, biological and engineering systems, are susceptible to defects of its compo- nents. Therefore the basic requirement in industrial automation is the reliability of the systems. In the technical automatic control systems, faults may occur in sensors, actuators or com- ponents of the systems. Effective way to ensure the reliability of the systems is to use a fault tolerant control (FTC). Its task is to avoid the expansion of the local faults into the system failure under which system may discontinue activity and jeopardize the safety of the whole system for personnel and environment. The main task of the FTC’s proposal is therefore to design a system that works reliably in dynamic and steady state not only for nominal operation, but also in case of fault, so that the system is able to return to its original condition before the fault occurrence. Fault tolerance is achieved on the basis of the so-called functional (analytical, inherent, custom) redundancy, which unlike physical redundancy (redundancy by technical means) uses the redundancy inherent in dynamic or static dependencies of technological parameters (variables mutually bound by technological process). Fault tolerant control systems and related control pr... ... middle of paper ... ... pp. 330–333. [5] A. Filasová, D. Krokavec, and V. Serbák, “Control reconfiguration for one class of takagi-sugeno fuzzy siso systems,” in Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing : Intelligent Systems in Technical and Medical Diagnostics, vol. 230. Berlin Heidelberg : Springer, 2014, pp. 53–64. [6] T. Kailath, “Linear systems.” Prentice-Hall Englewood Cliffs, 1980. [7] D. Krokavec and A. Filasová, “Dynamic systems diagnosis.” Elfa, Košice Slovakia, 2006. [8] Y. Kouhi and N. Bajcinca, “Nonsmooth control design for stabilizing switched linear systems by left eigenstructure assignment,” in Prepr. 18th IFAC World Congress. Milano, Italy, 2011, pp. 380––385. [9] D. Krokavec and A. Filasová, “Novel fault detection criteria based on linear quadratic control performances,” in International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, vol. 22, 2012, pp. 929–938.
I define a hard worker as someone who is willing to struggle and work hard, despite the fact that nobody will notice. Inside this essay, I will explain not only how I match this description, but also exactly how the Kealing Magnet Program is the optimal place for me to meet my goals, and how I will contribute to the community in ways outside of academics. Although my current school, Austin Home Base, has been great, I am ready for something new, and challenging.
Scheduling algorithms say how much time is allocated to Processes and Threads. Their goal is to fulfil a number of criteria:
In recent years, many organizations particularly in a high risk industry have experienced significant losses. For this reason, they have been more considered the importance of the concept 'High Reliability Organization' (HROs). Weick and Sutcliffe (2001) as cited in Takagi and Nakanishi (2006), claim that a comprehending of the HRO concept can lead to clearly understand a technical system within an organization. This leads to minimize any failures from unexpected circumstances. To be more precise, it can be said that the HRO principle assists the organization to determine the risk factors that may negatively affect a company performance in an early stage of a project life cycle. Similarly, Laporte and Consolini (1991) as cited in Aase and Tjensvoll (n.d.) state that any high risk organizations who has applied the HROs principles tend to have an outstanding safety records.
All three systems regulate energy production as they help create ATP. The creatine phosphate system is the first system mentioned as it is the quickest of the systems. In this system, there is a reversible reaction, where phosphocreatine and ADP form ATP and creatine. This reaction happens quickly and therefore the system does not provide long lasting energy; however, there is a large amount of energy production in this short amount of time. Activity beyond a few seconds requires more substantial energy production, as with anaerobic glycolysis. In anaerobic glycolysis, glucose is transformed into pyruvate and 2 net ATP are also produced. There is enough ATP production for about 2 minutes of activity. Also, 2 NADH are produced that are then
By almost any standard, aerospace is one of the longest term businesses there is. When Boeing makes a decision to go forward with a new commercial airplane, launch vehicle or a new communication system, they are making a decision on a product that will likely be in service for at least half a century. And for this to be successful, it has to fit markets over that entire time period.
The ideal verse actual performance management (PM) system implemented by an organization has similarities and differences that prove to be the distinction between a system that yields the desired results and one that does not. Aguinis (2009) outlines and discusses 14 characteristics of an ideal PM system that, if implemented, are likely to help the system generate the desired results.
As described in the introduction, a management control system (MCS) is defined, as the use of a number of techniques to observe and evaluate employee performance, in comparison to management organisational targets . The MCS collects and uses information to evaluate the performance of resources that ultimately influence the organisational strategies. The research of Simons (cited in Armesh et al. 2010, p.193) identified the four distinct categories as diagnostic, boundary, interactive and belief control systems. The diagnostic and boundary systems set standards for improving efficiency and creativity whereas the interactive system is ideal, to form guidelines, to adapt to changing market conditions. Finally, the belief
The 360-degree feedback system can be very delicate in nature. A person not well ready for it could be thrown out of balance. It can also generate some new problem in an organisation. It not designed and conducted well, it posses the potential danger of a candidate developing wrong perceptions or notions about one or more of his auditor and creating new perspective towards them. It is therefore, unavoidable and significant to handle the process well and make it foolproof. The first important step is to examine whether the organisation is ready for it or not. The second important step is to examine if the candidate is ready for it. For the purpose of systematic analysis and examination of the problem at hand, the studies by the several researchers have been reviewed. Baron, (2009) examines that managers who received upward feedback about their supervisory behaviour significantly improved their behaviour and improves the subordinate ratings of managerial performance. Similarly, Baron, (2009) found that employees were favourably disposed toward associate rating. The feedback is positively related with fulfilment with prior peer ratings and negatively associated with perceived friendship bias and years of company experience. Subordinates’ ratings of leadership were significantly higher following feedback from subordinates under which a highly structured session is there where leaders discussed the feedback results with subordinates (Baron, 2009).
As for accident and incident, as Murphy law has stated "Anything that can go wrong will go wrong". But if this event may happens a preventative and safety action must be taken to minimize the casualty that may occur. By following the safety operational procedure, the odds that failure may happens will be less and this may help to preserve life, maintenance and economy. History will become the guide line on perfecting the technology and the system to prevent mistakes from repeating. From previous accident and incident, although the history cannot be change but the future may be different
The origins of fuzzy logic based techniques can be traced in fuzzy set theory. These techniques have found mass appeal in various computational and manufacturing engineering domains. Fuzzy logic have been successfully used to solve variety of problems in system identification, signal processing and control [10]–[12]. Recently a lot of attention is being paid towards application of fuzzy logic in various software engineering processes and artifacts such as project management, quality assurance, software testing and traceability etc. A fuzzy model structure can be represented by a set of fuzzy If-Then rules [13]. It serves as a conceptual framework which works to cater to the uncertainty in the knowledge representation. Fuzzy Logic is basically a multi-valued logic that allows intermediate values to be defined between conventional evaluations like yes/no, true/false, black/white, etc. Notions like rather warm or pretty cold can be formulated mathematically and processed by computers
Artificial intelligence, impact nuclear, gene technology and other tremendous technologies have potential threat which have directly proportional to the potential benefits. If want to make good use of this potential force, is necessary to establish a reliable code before they get "smart enough". What we need is not only the skilled technology, but also the ability of control artificial intelligence at a higher level. As science fiction writer Isaac Asimov proposed "three laws of robotics" in his short story of Robot series, the laws of robotics are the protective design and moral principles. First, robots can not injure human beings and help people who get injury. Second, robots must obey human orders unless these commands have contradiction with the first law. Third, without the violation of the first and the second rule, the robot must protect its own existence. Today, these laws have guidance for the reality of the double-edged sword of artificial
In order to deter fraudulent activities by both management and employee, many companies employ an internal control system. A system of internal controls is a group of processes and procedures in writing, that are put into place by the organization to achieve operational efficiency, effectiveness, reliable financial reporting and to encourage incorruptibility. One of the major leading authorities on the issue is an organization out of the United States called the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), which is a joint initiative of five private sector organizations, who provide thought leadership through the development of frameworks and guidance on enterprise risk management, internal control and fraud deterrence,
Fault tolerant techniques are based on time redundancy or space redundancy or combination of both. As mentioned previously, a sensor has a limited computation power, so time redundancy techniques are not supposed to be of beneficial. Traditional techniques in backing up sensors are based on double and triple redundancy, which doesn’t satisfy the requirement of having a reliable network with a minimum number of sensors.
Comparison of IMC controller & Self-Adaptive Fuzzy-PID Controller for Inverse Response of Boiler Drum Level
Internal control systems (ICS) play key role in streamlining the operations of organizations. It helps organizations meet their visions, missions, and strategic objectives and conform to industry standards. These controls are put in place to provide reasonable assurance about the achievement of the entity’s objectives with regard to reliability of financial reporting; effectiveness and efficiency of operations and compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Internal control is therefore designed and implemented to address identified business risks that threaten the achievement of any of these objectives.