Aircraft is parked on an airport as soon as it lands for loading and unloading of passengers and other services. Since the pilot cannot estimate the distances from other aircraft or obstructions, there has to be a crew to assist the pilot when parking for security which is carried out via hand signals called marshalling.
Aircraft marshalling is a visual way of ground crew to communicate with the pilot by utilizing bats or lighted wands, depending upon the time either day or night.
Aircraft Marshallers are required to wear bright surcoat or vest to be well distinguished by the pilot. First thing that the Marshallers should do when aircraft has landed, they should let the pilot know that they are the in-charge marshaller, by raising their arms above his head, with palms or bats facing forwards. They must stand somewhere the pilot can visibly observe them and where they can see the entire aircraft without moving backwards. For commercial aircraft, it is best to be seen on the left side of the aircraft. For helicopters, the best position is where they can be seen by the pilot. It is vitally important to take regard that Marshallers must know the proper and appropriate hand and arm signals and the safety control measures based on the Marshalling practical process.
These signals are generally used for all aircraft:
1. Affirmative/All Clear – Extend right arm to head level pointing the wand up or with “thumbs up” while left arm remains at side.
2. Negative – Extend right arm at 90-degree angle to the side pointing the wand down to ground or with “thumbs down” while left arm remains at side.
3. Wingwalker/guide– Raise right hand above head level with wand pointing up; move left-hand wand pointing down toward the body.
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...4/~aacm/uploads/publications/AC-OPS-007-R01.pdf - http://tpu.bluemountains.net/unit-display.php?recordID=34666&s=AVI08 http://www.tc.gc.ca/publications/en/tp14371/pdf/hr/tp14371e.pdf http://www.youraviationjob.com/blog/post/role-aircraft-marshaller-part-2 Emirates Aircraft Maintenance Practices Student Handbook
Grounding and Bonding - http://www.casa.gov.au/wcmswr/_assets/main/rules/1998casr/021/021c99s2c13.pdf http://aviationmiscmanuals.tpub.com/TM-1-1500-204-23-1/css/TM-1-1500-204-23-1_36.htm Lightning strike - http://www.boeing.com/commercial/aeromagazine/articles/2012_q4/4/ http://www.serec.ethz.ch/EVENTS%20WEF%202011/LIGHTNING_14OCT11/8_How%20lightning%20strikes%20affect%20aviation_BRODBECK.pdf http://www.casa.gov.au/wcmswr/_assets/main/download/caaps/airworth/42l_1.pdf https://www.gliding.co.uk/bgainfo/technical/ampmanual/4-3.pdf Aircraft Maintenance Manual
head, to the right shoulder, all the way down to the right part of the
Lucas, C. (1997 September) Chief Airey. Air Force Magazine, vol 80. Retrieved from http://www.airforcemag.com/MagazineArchive/Pages/1997/September 1997/0997airey.aspx
Pull cable back to your side while pulling your shoulder back and pushing your chest slightly forward
In order to effectively manage the national airspace system in the future we will need to implement Free Flight. Free Flight is a concept designed to enhance safety and efficiency of the airspace by allowing aircraft to choose their own route instead of using victor airways (www.ads-b.com 1). Along with this freedom there is still the problem of aircraft separation which when on an instrument flight plan is air traffic control's (ATC) responsibility. In free flight there may be areas where ATC cannot give the required collision avoidance necessary. In order to safely manage the safety zone around an aircraft, pilots will need to rely on systems installed in the aircraft for better separation.
Lowe, A. (1998). Air Marshal William Avery Bishop. [WWW Document]. Retrieved May 2nd, 2001 from the World Wide Web: http://www.billybishop.net/zone/bishop.html
arm up in the air meaning the dog has to walk upon its hind legs).
Millions of people own and drive cars, but many of those people go through their whole lives not knowing anything about how to fix or notice the minor details of their cars. Every now and then they shell out hundreds, or even thousands of dollars to take their cars to get fixed for small things. If they were to able to take a little of their time and much less money, they could easily take care of some things themselves. A few of these problems include the following: the charging system, oil changes, and fluid levels.
- - -, dir. “Tactical Air Control Party Specialist (TACP).” U.S. Air Force. U.S. Air Force, n.d. Web. 7 Feb. 2012. .
Preventive Maintenance Checks and Services (PMCS) means systematic caring, inspecting, and servicing of military equipment to keep it in good condition and to prevent breakdowns. The operator of the vehicle mission is to be sure to perform PMCS each time he/she operate the vehicle. Always do the PMCS in the same order, so it gets to be a habit. Once you've had some practice, you will quickly spot anything wrong.
... Drawing your abs in, lift your left leg parallel to the floor, with knee bent, foot flexed. Return to starting position and repeat 15 to 20 times. Switch sides.
Since the birth of aviation, man has been tasked with operating aircraft safely, yet effectively. From the beginning days of being able to simply operate an aircraft without injury for seconds at a time, to today's issues with safety in supersonic international travel, crew resource management has been with us in some from the beginning. The term "CRM" began to spread in the 1980's among the major airlines, fueled by industry and university research into human factors. The U.S. military has also taken a very active in the development of CRM techniques to aid in the high stress environment of military aviation.
Preventive maintenance can be defined as an activity performed on a certain schedule which is intended to prevent breakdowns or deterioration. These activities can include regular inspection along with solving any discovered problems or situations and regularly scheduled parts changes. Preventive maintenance involves the scheduled adjustment, inspection, replacement of wearable parts, calibrations, basic cleaning and lubrication of equipment or other recommendation made by the equipment manufacturer. These activities can help increase the equipment functional life and help decrease facilities deterioration. No equipment should, No equipment should reach the breaking point [1].
...me under the training and educating the pilots. The pilots must be aware of the manuals that talk about the computer systems in the flight deck. They themselves are responsible for updating their knowledge on the improvement of these systems. These procedures must be communicated through the company so that all the other staff is aware of the changes as well.
As the development of aviation industry grows, more and more aircraft crashes occur. There are many reasons that lead to aircraft crashes, but one of them, is because of improper aircraft maintenance. Why is proper aircraft maintenance so important? Proper aircraft maintenance is critical in order to keep the aircraft can function properly, every aircraft part is in good condition and ensure the safety of pilots and passengers. Proper maintenance has many parts. The most common part is inspections, which pilots do them every day; the main part is overhaul and repair of an aircraft; and maintenance documentation is another important part of aircraft maintenance which improper maintenance documentation has caused many incidents.