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how to control air pollution essay
how to control air pollution essay
how to control air pollution essay
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The economic impact of current approaches to controlling air pollution is emissions taxes and most effective are marginal abatement. These are penalties that in percentage to the quantity an industry release into an air shed, local landfill, or waterway. The most effective control approaches are implemented into a regulatory policy with execution time limit and mechanisms for enforcement. There are differences in control measures that mandate through altered levels of régime of provincial (city, county), national, regional and state. Air pollution regulations established at the domestic level ensure the most advantage while minimizing margin, competitive and competition emphases. A requirement of the Environmental Protection Agency is citing manufacturing facilities that may well introduce pollutants in the air or public waters. It is effective since the Environment Protection Agency works strictly with state and local governments in its pollution control efforts. State and local governments pass its individual laws and regulations which meet or surpass requirements of federal laws as the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, RCRA, and CERCLA. Environment Protection Agency watches over the state's enforcement activities. It provides support to state officials and participates directly in major enforcement actions against violators of ecological regulations. “Environment Protection Agency (EPA) works with other federal environmental control agencies, which requires other federal agencies to pursue environmentally sound policies and prepare an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) before undertaking any major action which significantly affect the environment.” (EPA, pp.25-26, 1989-1991)The objective for each control approach is towards ... ... middle of paper ... ...vative product development. Regulation is a compromise of conflicting public and industry interest as well as bureaucratic/ governmental objectives, which generates a consequence of deregulation rather erratic. Works Cited EPA. (1989-1991). Securing Our Legacy: An EPA Progress Report 1989-1991 . Retrieved from Environmental Protection Agency: www.epa.gov McEachern, W. (2012). Econ - Micro. In W. McEachern, Econ - Micro (pp. 27-30). Mason: Cengage Learning. whitehouse.gov. (2014, January 8). Reducing Air Pollution: Cleaning up Toxic Air Pollution. Retrieved from The White House: http://www.whitehouse.gov/energy/our-environment yosemite.epa.gov. (2010, December). Regulatory and Non-Regulatory Approaches to Pollution Control. Retrieved from Guidelines for Preparing Economic Analyses: http://yosemite.epa.gov/ee/epa/eerm.nsf/vwAN/EE-0568-04.pdf/$file/EE-0568-04.pdf
City of Los Angeles Environmental Affairs Department. “L.A. Made a Difference!” Los Angeles, CA: US. 1998. www.cityofla.org/EAD/article3.htm
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates air pollution through various policies passed through the Supreme Court. The scope of this paper is to investigate the Clean Air Act of 1970, and to analyze the impact it has on businesses and society. It provides a rationale for the policy, and contains a brief overview of governmental involvement in regulating air pollution. Further investigation identifies key stakeholders in business, government, and society, and assesses the pros and cons of regulating air pollution. Finally, the paper concludes with limitations of this analysis and recommendations for future action.
Environmental Protection Agency. Environmental Protection Agency, (Nov 2011). Caa national enforcement programs. Retrieved from website: http://www.epa.gov/compliance/civil/caa/caaenfprog.html
The environment and the health of the surrounding population go hand in hand. The Environmental Protection Agency takes on this ever so important mission of protecting them both. The mission statement of the EPA states, “The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Small Business Programs is to support the protection of human health and the environment by advocating and advancing the business, regulatory, and environmental compliance concerns of small and socio-economically disadvantaged businesses, and minority academic institutions (US Enviromental Protection Agency, 2010).” The impact of its mission can be defined clearly as it examines the impact of contamination in the air, the water, and the land on human health.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (1995). Profile of the Iron and Steel Industry. Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance. Washingto, DC: Office of Compliance. Retrieved February 07, 2014, from http://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyNET.exe
United States Environmental Protection Agency. United States Environmental Protection Agency, n.d. Web. 4 July 2011
Hahn, Robert W., (1996, June 27). The EPA's True Cost. Retrieved September 2, 2009, from AEI Online Website:http://www.aei.org/issue.
One advantage of a national policy is the “Clean Air Act” it is a policy that protects, maintains and save our environmental air quality. Air pollution in the United States in the 1960’s was very poor and one of the main contributors were the petroleum refineries. Air pollution is collectively responsible for more than 70,000 deaths each year in the United States (Ozymy, Jarrett, 2011). Communities living in close proximity to petroleum refineries are especially vulnerable to pollution-related health problems, as they are routinely subjected to harmful air emissions. This policy’s advantages are making and keeping our air as clean as possible by regulating routine emissions.
Laws are often changing. A law needs to keep up with the changing views and values of a society. Things like events and technology are just two examples of what may produce a law or a change to a law. A law would need to accommodate a technology to regulate it for safety and how it’s used. Events also need to be regulated by law for safety and if it was a terrible event (9/11), then a law, or laws, are needed to prevent it from happening again. Laws pertaining to the environment are always changing because human interaction with the environment is always changing, whether its pollution, hunting, or overusing resources, these things need to be constantly regulated. This paper describes how the Clean Air Act developed and changed. The
Our government spent many years working on environmental issues to help keep our country a better, cleaner place. It wasn't until December 2, 1970 that Richard Nixon officially created the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) set under the executive branch. It's duties were to establish and enforce environmental protection standards consistent with national environmental goals.
Regulations have helped tremendously however, there has been an issue with the coal burning plants that were exempted from the Clean Air Act laws because they were grandfathered in. Factory plants that were built before the 1970s were exempted from the new Clean Air Act standards because there was an expectation that since they were already old they would retire soon. Unfortunately, this was not the case and many of the plants grandfathered in are the ones continually polluting the air the most with its large amounts of acid rain to the atmosphere without being penalized. The acid rain is the result from sulfur dioxide and nitrogen emissions from fossil fuel burning plants. When these substances leave the earth they return as acid rain and harm water streams, national parks, and human health. Many people argue that these unregulated plants are large contributors to human health issues. “Within the power plant sector, these grandfathered plants generate 52 percent of the country's energy, yet produce 97 percent of the acid rain- and haze-causing sulfur dioxide, 85 percent of the ozone smog-causing nitrogen oxide and 99 percent of toxic mercury pollution from the utility sector”(Birdsong, 2000). After many years the federal government took action and implemented changes to the factories regulations grandfathered in by creating “The New Source Review” in where old factories were considered new sources if they expanded or modified their equipment (Save Clean Air Act, 2005). People believe that if grandfathered plants were ordered to follow the CCA standards as all other plants there would be a much more positive effect on air quality (Birdson, 2000).
Failure to maintain clean air standards is attributed to the increased health cases of cancer and pulmonary related diseases. In addition, there is the effect of acidic rain which poisons the plants consumed that also has health effects. The financial burden is borne by health insurance and other costs in fighting the effects.
The question of whether 1970s-era environmental laws are suited to today's problems is gaining urgency as the Obama administration moves to tackle climate change through its powers under the Act. Likens, Butler and Buso come to the conclusion that “short-term records can be quite misleading; thus, it may be too early to assess critically the effectiveness of the 1990 CAA” (Likens et al, 2001, p.9). Business groups and critics in Congress say that the measure was not designed to address global warming, and that the law's provisions will lead to regulations that wind up stifling growth and killing jobs. The Obama administration says the effects of greenhouse gases compel action, as does a 2007 Supreme Court decision. The court found that the Clean Air Act authorizes the EPA to regulate greenhouse-gas emissions if the agency determines they cause or contribute to air pollution that may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare. Moreover, administration officials say, the EPA has the authority to tweak the thresholds, so as to regulate only big emitters, such as power plants and refineries, and minimize the economic costs. The EPA has not said how much it expects new controls on greenhouse-gas emissions would cost the
Our Congress created the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) in 1969 in order to establish an environmental foundation for mankind. This policy endorses harmony between humans and the vast ecosystems surrounding them. To obtain this goal and provide our future with resources as well, NEPA is separated into two titles. The first title declares the policy in detail while the second title focuses on the Council on Environmental Quality. The CEQ oversees the effectiveness of current methods, the reactions of the environment to those methods, and implements revisions as necessary.
"What YOU Can Do to Prevent NPS Pollution." Home. EPA, n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.