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Philosophical hierarchy of values
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When reading Leo Tolstoy’s After the Ball, the impression of ideology shaping judgment, or perception of the world, is delivered in the first line. The concept that good and bad may just be a matter of perspective is a large part of this short story, especially in how your “environment” or ideology causes you to value things differently. In this paper I will look to explore how ideological sign-exchange value of objects in Ivan Vasilyevich’s experience at the ball, as well as in life, can have multiple meanings, and how those values affect an individual’s stature in class structure. Assigning cultural value to objects is done in both positive and negative manners, and the value of things can change based on its actual use, how a box can be used to store things as well as what you leave your office with when you get fired, for example. However in that instance, value is assigned by how it reflects status, and losing a job automatically puts you in a class of the jobless, where as storing things could represent accumulation. This is important when looking at After the Ball, as throughout the first half of his recollection how his “whole life was changed by a single night (Tolstoy, 595), the references to how he values certain objects and places the people associated them is using this same concept. When Ivan first arrives, and is describing the ball, he references the charming nature of the ballroom amongst other pleasantries, but makes sure to recount that the singers and musicians were serfs, belonging to a certain landowner. His representation of the ball already takes on lofty characteristics of a lavish soirée, and with music provided by the “owned” lower class, who are lent to parties for amusement it only furthers the impr... ... middle of paper ... ...lt that since he did not uncover the truth behind the life of this class on his own, but found out by pure chance, that he was not worthy to partake in their ways. The changing sign-exchange value is an extremely interesting development within After the Ball, and plays an important part in how we look at ideologies in the world. Everything possesses multiple meanings, and our perspectives often are based on our partially informed perception of what we see. Often the truth comes to us by chance, as Ivan Vasilyevich explains, and when it does, it often causes us conflict by allowing us to see our station in life in different ways. While the common expectation when seeing the dark side of our expectations of the world may be to reject it, often, as in this story, we are left conflicted and insecure about our place within the ideology, that we perhaps do not belong.
Personal experiences affect everybody. Just like in the stories “Abuela Invents The Zero” by Ortiz Cofer and “Home” by Anton Chekhov. Constancia and Yevgeny, from the stories, both have small problems that lead to dramatic changes in their values. Constancia values what her peers think of her and Yevgeny values work more than his son. The authors of “Abuela Invents The Zero” and “Home” have both shown how small moments can change a person’s values forever.
For Ivan Illych, climbing the social ladder of entrenched Russian bourgeois society was the ultimate goal. Particularly, Ivan would use his career in the law to allow him to obtain such heights. This led to Ivan placing his family on the back burner whilst his own career and ambitions would enter the limelight. Once the end is near however, Ivan begins to feel regret take hold of himself. “It occurred to him that what had appeared perfectly impossible before, namely that he has not spent his life as he should have done, might after all be true … his professional duties and the whole arrangement of his life and of his family, and all his social and official interests, might all have been false” (Tolstoy ...
During Russia’s transition to communism in the early 20th century, conflict and unease permeated every part of life. Nothing was stable and very little of what the Bolsheviks had fought for had come to fruition by the time the USSR disbanded in 1991. The “classless society”, which was to work together for the prosperity of everyone, never became a reality. In the end, the majority of Russia’s 20th century was an utter failure on a grand scale. However, there were many amazing products of the system do to the great importance of education in Russian culture. Priceless novels were written, timeless movies were made, and great scientific endeavors were realized despite the rigid control placed upon Russian persons by the government. In fact, some of the most memorable written works of the time were written protests to the creativity-stifling situation many writers found themselves in. Because of the danger to their lives should the wrong people be upset by their writings, Yevgeny Zamyatin and Mikhail Bulgakov wrote their most popular, Soviet-life condemning novels under the guise of satire. Even though they’re satirizing the same subject, in both We and The Master and Margarita respectively, they take very different paths to do so.
The Romantic movement of the nineteenth century in Europe involved those who wished to express their disapproval of industrialism. Romantics focus on individualism as well as images and ideas created by the imagination. Romantics are very centered around a certain beauty and power of nature as opposed to material objects. Romantics stay away from the more realistic part of life, this is greatly expressed in Romantic literature and art. Specifically, in Arthur Rimbaud’s “Ophelia” it is evident to see the fascination with nature as well as the individual. He states, “On the calm black wave where the stars sleep/ Floats white Ophelia like a great lily,/ Floats very slowly, lying in her long veils . . .”(891). Here there is evidence of a Romantic’s
To start, Tolstoy believes that are can either be universally good art or good for people with specific tastes. However, the very best works have the ability to be universally
...he destitution and demoralization of the citizens of Petrograd. Andrei, the character with the most honor and virtue, still finds ruin because of his affiliation with the immoral politic. All morality is beaten out of the characters with the most potential for it by the dire circumstances of their lives. An excellent, emotionally moving story, this novel leaves no doubt as to the author's feelings about the path of destruction down which socialism leads.
Ivan Ilyich, a decorous man with a life deemed perfect by society, gradually becomes aware of his life’s dark secrets, which cause him to feel excluded from his family and society. The tone is set by Tolstoy in the very beginning of the novella - as Ivan Ilyich’s colleagues receive the news of Ilyich’s death, the first thing they can think about is whom amongst them will receive a promotion. Moreover, at the funeral, Ilyich’s wife worriedly asks his colleague for some advice about her pension. These events foreshadow how “Ivan Ilyich’s life had been most simple and most ordinary and therefore most terrible” (1427). Ilyich leads the life society tells him to lead, which first becomes clear before he decides to marry - “The marriage gave him personal satisfaction, and at the same time it was considered the right thing by the most highly placed of his associates” (pg. 1430). And even though he is disgusted with law, he considers it righteous and honorable when he see...
that he is not a teacher, however he was not at all happy with the analogy, but
Ivan Ilych was a member of the Court of Justice who was "neither as cold and formal as his elder brother nor as wild as the younger, but was a happy mean between them—an intelligent, polished, lively, and agreeable man” (Tolstoy 102). He lived an unexceptionally ordinary life and strived for averageness. As the story progresses, he begins to contemplate his life choices and the reason for his agonizing illness and inevitable death. “Maybe I did not live as I ought to have done, but how could that be, when I did everything properly?” (Tolstoy
The story of In "The Death of Ivan Ilych", was written by Leo Tolstoy around who examines the life of a man, Ivan Ilyich, who would seem to have lived an exemplary life with moderate wealth, high station, and family. By story's end, however, Ivan's life will be shown to be devoid of passion -- a life of duties, responsibilities, respect, work, and cold objectivity to everything and everyone around Ivan. It is not until Ivan is on his death bed in his final moments that he realizes that materialism had brought to his life only envy, possessiveness, and non-generosity and that the personal relationships we forge are more important than who we are or what we own.
Ballet in Louis XIV's court was characterized by extreme ornamentation and gaudiness. The ballet master, Jean Baptiste Lully, sought to show the dignified style of the Sun King. The themes of ballets at court range...
...Russian society and social norms. The greatest reminder of this is found in the fact that Lopahkin, the man who Ranevsky once spoke to condescendingly, is now the family’s last hope for survival. Ironically enough, Lopahkin is often glancing at his watch, a reminder that time is changing, and a message that he, himself, is a testament to.
... story but it also reflects Russian society. This, however, isn’t why many Russians still continue to hold this piece of literature as central to their culture. Although, it tells of their heritage and society, it is the simple genius of the structure of the novel of –14-line stanza form-and his lyrics, which are complex and meticulous but are written with such ease that they appear effortless, simple, and natural.
Dostoevsky’s noteworthy literary works each contain similarities in theme, character development, and purpose when analyzed beyond face value. Dostoevsky’s early life and ideals, intertwined with life-changing events that shifted his ideologies, and critiques of fellow Russian writers during his time period lay the groundwork for Dostoevsky’s recurring arguments for the way which Russian society would be best-off, as well as ways in which the people of Russia would be suited to live the most fulfilling, non-corrupt lives.
Ivan Dmitritch, a character in the short story “The Lottery Ticket” by Anton Chekhow, is unstable. In moments of believing he won the lottery, Ivan became materialistic. He fantasized about his “new life [and how] it will be transform[ed]” (pg 199). Ivan imagined all the things he desired instead of appreciating what he already had. This in fact shows that he is unstable as all he determines about is the rich life and not distinguishing that he isolated himself from the person who loves him the most; his wife. As a result of isolation, Ivan became paranoid. While Ivan continues to dwell about the rich life, reality hits him as he ponders about all the hardships, such as all the relatives coming and “begin[ning to whine] like beggars” (pg 201).