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Effect of corporal punishment of children
Effects of physical abuse on children
Debate against the reintroduction of corporal punishments in schools
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Corporal punishment is a discipline method in which an administering adult inflicts pain upon a student (usually using a paddle) in response to a student's offensive behavior. Nowadays regulations have been created as to how many “swats” can be inflicted, by whom, and with what instrument. It is still used in many U.S. schools as a disciplinary method against disobedient or defiant students. Although corporal punishment is no longer tolerated in the military, prisons, or mental institutions, 21 states still allow corporal punishment in full or in part according to the U.S. Department of Education. Every year, more than 223,190 students are being subjected to this particular form of punishment in public schools, and a disproportionate number are minority students, male students, and students with disabilities. Research has also shown a correlation between the use of corporal punishment and increased school truancy, dropout rates, violence, and vandalism schools. Principal Sid Leonard, from Toledo Ohio states, expresses his feelings against corporal punishment: "The same ones kept coming back for more. It wasn't working. Hitting children did not seem to improve their behavior. It seemed in fact to be reinforcing the very behaviors I was attempting to eliminate." Advocates of corporal punishment view it as a fast and effective procedure as opposed to a time consuming suspension. Father Philip Berrigan, a teacher at St. Augustine High school in New Orleans, expresses how beneficial corporal punishment served him as a teacher: "Sometimes we sent a student to the principal's office for a paddling, and I have seen a marvelous clearing of the air with a simple whack on the butt. The offending student realized without resorting to guilt ...
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...n, while only 36% of paddling states scored above the mean.Likewise, while 11% of non‐paddling states scored below the national ACT average, 64% of paddling states scored below average. It is demeaning that the local authorities allow this act of paddling to continue on despite this correlation between testing and paddling. Maybe if the federal government were to withhold funding from states where corporal punishment is legal, the local authorities might be more inclined to pass the appropriate laws. The federal government will withhold funding from these states, therefore the local authorities will pass appropriate laws .(MP)
Corporal Punishment in schools is cruel and the remaining states in America who practice corporal punishment should eliminate it. Violence in the class is inhumane, mentally and physically. The practice is degrading and detrimental to a student
Dupper, David R. , and Amy E. Montgomery Dingus. "Corporal Punishment in U.S. Public Schools : A Continuing Challenge for School Social Workers." Schools and Children 30.4 (2008): 243-250. Print.
The idea of physical punishment has been visible throughout our nation’s history. The 30’s, 40’, 50’s all encouraged the use of strong physical discipline towards children, it wasn’t until the 60’s and 70’s that this idea became taboo. “Many of us in the room had been smacked, whipped, or beaten as children...
There is a point raised by the author on the article “Spanking children isn’t abusing them” that children in residential schools had horrible and often fatal beatings (2015). Furthermore, while reading “Corporal punishment by parents and associated child behaviors and experiences: A meta-analytic and theoretical review” Gershoff asserts, “Behaviors that do not result in significant physical injury (e.g., spank, slap) are considered corporal punishment, whereas behav- iors that risk injury (e.g., punching, kicking, burning) are consid- ered physical abuse. ” (2002) As it was stated on the previous point, reasonable force has its limits, and limits the parent and care givers to discipline the child without degrading them or causing physical or psychological harm.
I do not agree with Jacoby’s claim as he does not provide any sound evidence or cite sources to reinforce the majority of his statements. Because of this it is of my opinion being a responsible informed and passionate citizen that corporal punishment is horrific and has no
The way children are treat by their parents reflects from themselves and onto their peers. “… parents that are very sarcastic, a child will be very sarcastic with their peers…” Parents don’t realize the affects spanking causes too the children’s mental state. In the article written by Brendan L. Smith, he explains that physical punishment, including spanking, “...can lead to increase aggression, antisocial behavior, physical injury, and mental health problem for children.” Although physical punishment, such as spanking, may work momentarily, but it just causes the children to become more aggressive. (Smith 3) Over 30 countries have completely banned physical punishments for children. Elizabeth Gershoff, PhD, at the University of Texas at Austin, another expert on the issue says “Physical punishment doesn’t work to get kids to comply, so parents think they have to keep escalating it. That is why it is so dangerous…” (Smith
When describing a physical altercation between two adults, the term is assault and battery. Assault on an individual has more than immediate effects; the effects can last a lifetime in severe cases. In all fifty states, it is a crime to hit, strike or use corporal punishment in any deliberate manner towards any person over the age of eighteen. However, this law does not apply to physical force being used on minors. Spanking, whipping, and paddling are among a few common references to this form of punishment. Physically disciplining children has had many names over the years. No matter which term is used, corporal punishment has a negative impact on every party involved. It is a widely used, socially accepted method of discipline. “Approximately 94% of three and four-year old children have been spanked in the past year (Slade & Winssow 1321). Although spanking is a widespread practice, it is becoming more controversial. The negative effects of spanking greatly outweigh the benefits. Spanking is a socially tolerated view promoting abusive patterns, and has a negative psychological impact in teaching children that pain, fear, and confusion promote conformability.
The belief that corporal punishment should be banned is sensible in order to protect the wellbeing of children, as well to do justice onto those who do not recognize the mental and physical damage it does to their victims.
Contrary to popular belief, corporal punishment is still an accepted form of punishment in some countries. In these countries, many see this kind of punishment for children as normal, natural and harmless. Yet, human rights activists believe that it is damaging and must be stopped. For example, Gambian teachers are working to end corporal punishment. The Gambia Teachers' Union has been training teachers on alternative...
Have you ever been spanked? Maybe smacked? We all have our own stories of how our parents disciplined us, we take them as funny stories and even joke about them. If you were born in the 90s, 80s, 70s, 60s, you already know what I’m talking about and I bet many stories already ran through your mind right now. But as we grew up and time passed by, there has been this dilemma about this method of parenting. [2] “Parents feel mixed-up and uncomfortable about disciplining their children”. Few parents in modern times do not trust this kind of act of physical punishment at home and they think that is detrimental for kids. Therefore, a good amount of parents are trying to make the government restrict the parents who spank from doing so.
Corporal punishment is a traditional practice of imposing pain, which is commonly used by parents towards children to remove an unpleasant behavior. It is also a physical force towards a child for the purpose of control, and as a disciplinary penalty inflicted on the body. The parents play a pivotal role in honing and disciplining their child with regards to his/her actions. Hitting them with physical objects and forcing them to do cleaning works are some of the ways of discipline, which were done at home. In the year 2000, research, the convention, and law reform – modified the punishment towards children. According to research, 20,000 people in the U.S – particularly those who are 20 years old and above, 1,258 experienced punishment by pushing, grabbing, slapping and hitting. 19,349 people had been reported that they didn’t experience such kind of punishment. Moreover, it is also executed on the children, in order for them to act independently and to visualize the negativities of being careless and dependent to others. Punishment is also
Living in the 21st Century the Government has taken the power of spanking children out of the hands of their parents .Children have become more harder to deal with., now the system do not know what to do. A system that was designed to adjudicate, rehabilitate, and provide a therapeutic setting has lost its responsibilities as first to the welfare of the child and then to the welfare of the community. With a system that was designed to deal with adolescents has lost its effectiveness. Now our juvenile offenders are being transferred into adult criminal court jurisdiction.
The deciding factor in the future of corporal punishment is seen in the Ingraham v. Wright Supreme Court case. In 1970, James Ingraham, an eighth grade student of Drew Junior High School was one of the many beneficiaries of corporal punishment distributed by Willie Wright, the principal of the high school. The rationality behind Ingraham’s punishment was that he was slow to respond to his teacher instructions. As a result, his teacher sent him to the principal office where he bent over the table was given twenty licks with a paddle. The paddling was so severe, according to the Ingraham’s doctor, he needed to miss weeks of school due to hematoma on his buttocks. Defined by Merriam-Webster, a hematoma is clotted blood that forms in a tissue by broken blood vessels. Subsequently, a ninth grade student at the same school, Roosevelt Andrews, also suffered egregious attacks for minor offenses. Principal Wright on two occasions punished Andrews for anticipating a late arrival to a class he was in route to. During the first attack, Andrews was hit with a wooded paddle on the buttocks and over the arm. This beating deprived him of full access from his injured arm for weeks. The second punishment, though, more vicious due to carelessness and a lack of official oversight, Andrews was hit from his neck to legs. According to Newell (1972) in referencing The Children’s petition of 1669, teachers and administrators have taken up an office they are unable to manage; the evidence of mismanagement is seen in corporal punishment.
Child abuse prevention must first begin with understanding the different types of abuse. The Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) defines abuse as the motive, act, or lack of action of a parent or guardian that leads to a physical or emotional injury (Rein 11-12). Each state defines abuse differently; Pennsylvania defines physical abuse as the recent act or lack of action by a perpetrator causing or risking a serious non-accidental physical injury to a person that is under the age of 18 (Clark 351). Corporal punishment, a controversial topic in physical abuse, is defined as deliberately inflicting physical injury because the child misbehaves. Types of corporal punishment include spanking, slapping, pinching, choking, paddling, or hitting the child with objects (Gerdes 182-190). Part of the debate over physical abuse is whether schools should be able to use physical punishment on their students. Some believe that corporal punishment is the only way to teach children about misbehaving and that a minor pain is justified if it corrects a larger problem (Gerdes 198-201). Others think corporal punishment may lead a child to believe violence is acceptable or to think...
As with the office referral rates, the majority of disciplinary actions are given to Black male students, with an exception for students expelled for weapons (1 student per year in both 2004-2005 and 2006-2007, and both students being White males). “Other” disciplinary actions and out-of-school suspensions have increased over the past three years. Overall, both in-school and out-of-school suspensions are the most common form of disciplinary action, though the rate of in-school suspensions has decreased. It is also interesting to note that though the incidence of corporal punishment decreased over three years, 93.94% of the 33 cases of corporal punishment in 2006-2007 were Black students. This distribution is much more uneven than in 2004-2005 (89 incidents: 61.79% Black students, 6.74% Hispanic students, and 31.46% White students) and 2005-2006 (60 incidents: 73.33% Black students, 3.33% Hispanic students, and 23.33% White
The general acceptance, and sometimes support, of corporal punishment as a method of discipline is an aspect of the American culture (Barnett, Miller-Perrin, Perrin 61).