Introduction
Children, in their early childhood, rely on their attachment relationships for feelings of security. Securely attached children become well adapt at verbalising their needs. For example, a 4-year-old child may say “Please read me a story before you go”, communicating their fear of been left alone. This increased ability to verbalise their wants and needs continue well on into later childhood and adolescence (Hutchision, 2013). According to Bolby (1973), warm and secure attachment experiences promote beliefs that others have good intentions; however persons who grow with insensitive attachment figures may have bouts of dysfunctional behaviour. Armsden (1986) also believed that secure persons in an intrapersonal domain tend to have more positive, integrated and coherent views of their selves than do insecure persons.
There has been a great deal of speculation about how maternal attachment affects all subsequent patters of social behaviour and it is essential that we bring to bear on these speculations all the data we have available (Caldwell, Bettye, Ricciuti, 1973). Although interpersonal attributions and their relationship have been explored extensively (Dodge & Fane, 1982; Gramhan, Hudly & Williams, 1992; Quiggle etal, 1992), the role of such awareness as a link between parent/adolescent attachment and adulterant aggressive behaviour has not been examined systematically (as cited in Simons, Paternite, & Shore, 2001, p. 185).
Statistics show (NICHD, 2004) that children following high development trajectories for aggression are more likely to evolve from lower income families, where mothers tend to be less educated and parents are less sensitive and responsive. These parents may often be overwhelmed by a child’...
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...l Psychology, 78, 350-365.
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Hutchision, E.D., & Hutchision, E. D. (2013). Essentials of human behaviour: Integrating the life course, person, and environment. Thousand Oaks: CA: SAGE.
Kevin J. Simons, Carl E. Paternite, Cecilia Shore. (2001). Quality of Parent/Adolescent Attachment and Aggression in Young Adolescents .Miami University (Ohio). Journal.
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Quiggle, N. L., Garber, J., Panak, W. F., & Dodge, K. A. (1992). Social information processing in aggressive and depressed children. Child Developm
Bullying is a serious problem in our schools and takes place in many different forms. These can include physical aggression or direct bullying such as the hitting form and in the indirect type of bullying such as the verbal taunting, exclusion from peer activities and rumor spreading. Kids are subjected to these different types of bullying daily and for some victims it has negative effects on their grades, their personal life and their mental health as research has found that victims of bullying
Bullying has been in the forefront of many discussions and has been the topic in child settings recently. When children enter school, they need to build healthy peer relationships. However, school is usually the main setting where bullying takes place (Nelson, Kendall & Shields, 2013). Bullying affects a large number of children and can have long-term affects on psychosocial, physical and social-emotional aspects of the child (Vanderbilt, & Augustyn, 2010). Bullying can be cause by a group or by
The proportion of children who is exposed to bullying is eighty-six present with age range between 12 and 15.(the book) Bullying is a problem that got people attention since it became wide spread among children and young adult. This issue also has been studied by psychologists to reach the core of the problem and to analyze its dimensions. These studies include definition of bullying, type of bullying, and how family relation associated with being bully or victim. Bullying can be define as “ intentional
Attachment theory describes the relationship between a child and their primary caregiver. This relationship is thought to be critical for typical development into adulthood – enabling the acquisition of skills in social interaction. Attachment styles include type B (secure), type A (anxious-avoidant), type C (anxious-resistant) and type D (disorganised). As one might hypothesise, insecure attachment (A, C and D) are associated with negative outcomes – such as subsequent psychopathology {Zeanah 2003}
is associated with an increased risk of very aggressive and violent behavior. Child abuse is also positively correlated with conduct problem behavior, including aggression around the age of 17 (Maughan, D., & Moore, S. C. 2010). The purpose of this literature review is to show that there is a direct cause and effect relationship between child abuse and he likelihood of that child being involved in the justice system. In the present paper, the role child abuse plays in juvenile delinquency is examined