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the effect of racism on athletes
the effect of racism on athletes
the effect of racism on athletes
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One, two, three! The Hurricane gets the Knockout. Rubin “Hurricane” Carter was an African American boxer whose name was spoken over well-known media programming throughout the country. Rubin Carter got the nickname of “the Hurricane” because of his fierce left hook. A New Jersey promoter by the name of Jimmy Colotto gave him this nickname when he saw him box and it has stuck with him ever since (Company). He won 21 matches in his career and overcame immense racial prejudice to achieve his life-long dreams and goals. Rubin “Hurricane” Carter was a very powerful man and was one of the African American athletes that had faced major prejudice and was accused as a murderer.
. Rubin was born on May 6, 1937 in Clifton, New Jersey (Company). At a young age Rubin had problems with some people in school and had a bad life on the streets. He was always getting involved with petty theft and street fights. Rubin’s life was good with four brothers and three sisters until he got to the age of 14. When Rubin turned 14 he was sent to a New Jersey juvenile reformatory because he had beaten a man with a glass bottle to steal his watch (Company). After Rubin was in the reformatory for a while, he decided to escape and run away and join the army. He had entered the Army at age 17 in. Rubin was first stationed in Germany with the United States army and this is when Rubin Carter first discovered boxing. When he was boxing in Germany he had a record of 51 wins out of 56 fights! 31 of these fights were decided by knockouts. When Rubin returned to the United States he started to box professionally on September 22, 1961 (Company).
Rubin Carter was always hanging around the ring to get some training in or just fight and exhibition match. Rubin had made h...
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...r of Rubin was well casted and played by Denzel Washington. Until the day that Rubin “Hurricane” Carter died he believed that he was an innocent man.
Works Cited
"Carter, Rubin." Current Biography (Bio Ref Bank) (2000): Biography Reference Bank (H.W. Wilson). Web. 16 Apr. 2014
Corbett, Ben. "Bob Dylan's Song "Hurricane" - Bob Dylan and Rubin "Hurricane" Carter." About.com Folk Music. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 May 2014.
Flatter, Ron. "Story of Hurricane." ESPN. ESPN Internet Ventures, n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2014.
Kelly, Mike. "What Happened That Night?." The Record (Hackensack, NJ). 26 Mar. 2000: A1+. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 28 Apr. 2014.
Raab, Selwyn. "Rubin (Hurricane) Carter, Boxer Found Wrongly Convicted, Dies at 76." The New York Times. The New York Times, 20 Apr. 2014. Web. 28 Apr. 2014.
"Rubin Carter." Bio. A&E Television Networks, 2014. Web. 13 May 2014.
This contains an article on the conviction of Tony Lee by the chief Judge John Sirica.
The Rise and Fall of Jack Johnson Ask someone who was one of the first people to break the color barrier in sports and you're almost guaranteed that the answer is Jackie Robinson. Yet almost 40 years earlier there was a black boxer by the name of Jack Johnson, also known as John Arthur Johnson. Most would argue that he was the best heavyweight boxer of his time, having a career record of 79 wins and 8 losses, and being the first black to be the Heavyweight champion of the World. (Jack Johnson (boxer), October 9th, 2006.) Not only was this impressive, but he had to deal with racism and black oppression.
Jack Roosevelt Robinson was born on January 31, 1919 (York). He was born in the small town of Cairo, Georgia, on that day in January. His parents were Jerry and Mallie Robinson, the two of them didn’t have the best of marriage but they made out ok (Allen). Later in 1919, Jerry left Mallie to go farm some land somewhere else, but it was later found out that he had run off with another woman.
He was the pioneer of boxing's bigger-than-life entourages, including a secretary, barber, masseur, voice coach, a coterie of trainers, beautiful women, a dwarf mascot and lifelong manager George Gainford.
3.Graham, Judith, ed. Current Biography Yearbook Vol. 1962, New York: The H.W Wilson Company, 1993
Jimmy Carter's one-term administration is associated with the occasions that overpowered it—expansion, vitality emergency, war in Afghanistan, and prisoners in Iran. After one term in office, voters unequivocally rejected Jimmy Carter's straightforward however melancholy standpoint for Ronald Reagan's telegenic positive thinking. In the previous two decades, in any case, there has been more extensive acknowledgment that Carter, in spite of an absence of experience, stood up to a few tremendous issues with unfaltering quality, valor, and optimism. Alongside his ancestor Gerald Ford, Carter must be given acknowledgment for restoring the equalization to the sacred framework after the abundances of the
The Great Depression of the 1930’s caused widespread poverty, but the popular culture of the time did not reflect this. People wanted to escape from this harsh time so movies, dancing and sports became very popular. Radios broadcasted boxing matches and boxers became stars. The heavyweight champion James J. Braddock aka “Cinderella Man,” gained popularity. James Braddock gained fame by winning many fights and proving everyone wrong when they said he was too old and couldn’t win.
7) Maguet, Elizabeth. Hold High Your Heads, (Winnipeg: Pemican Publications, 412 McGregor St., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, 1992)
“I'll never tell a lie. I'll never make a misleading statement. I'll never betray the confidence that any of you had in me. And I'll never avoid a controversial issue.” President Jimmy Carter said this when addressing the people. He assured them of his trustworthiness and kept to this for the whole of his presidency. Throughout his period in office, President Carter made many choices to focus on domestic affairs and handle multiple goals at a time. These are the attributes that made him, and many other presidents, effective leaders of our country.
10.) Gates, David. "A New Whack at the Borden Case." Newsweek, June 4, 1984: 12.
From zero to hero, that would be one way to sum up James Earl “Jimmy” Carter, Jr. the 39th President of the United States’ career. Although his time in office was regarded by many as a total disaster, it was his post-presidency work that would show the world his abilities as a visionary leader with unequalled ethics. His creation of the Carter Center in 1982, paved the way for international conflict resolution for over 3 decades and would ultimately net him the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002. I will now explain what makes him a visionary and ethical leader as well as how it relates to me.
Oscar was six when he had his first fight against his cousin, and failed miserably he never imagined himself becoming a boxer. He was forced to go to the gym and practice since boxing has been a tradition in their family. He discovered that his left hand was very powerful and began to train on it. In 1992, he made it to the Olympics and promised his mother a gold medal which he achieved with victory.
Caldwell, Earl. “Angela Davis Acquitted on All Charges.” The New York Times 5 June 1972, C1+. Web.
Lennon once stated, “One thing you can’t hide is when you are crippled inside”−America presents itself as the hero of the world; however, when one looks closely they can see the crippled, black heart at her core. Racism was highlighted throughout the cold, hearted nation. According to the Ebony Magazine, the 1936 Olympics “would become a legend and would be passed on from generation to generation, growing and telling, the story of a sharecropper’s son and the grandson of slaves.” (“Jesse Owens” DISC Multicultural 1)
“Our deepest fear is not that we are inadequate. Our deepest fear is that we are powerful beyond measure. It is our light, not our darkness that most frightens us. You playing small does not serve the world. There is nothing enlightened about shrinking so that other people won’t feel insecure around you. We were all meant to shine, as children do. It’s not just in some of us it’s in everyone. And as we let our light shine, we unconsciously give other people permission to do the same. As we are liberated from our own fear, our presence automatically liberates others”.