France is a country located in Western Europe. It borders Andorra, Germany, Luxembourg, Monaco, Spain, Belgium, Switzerland and Italy. The country of France originally known by the name of Gaul or Gallia is a country with a rich history and culture. The Celts originally occupied and dominated that lands of Gaul. In the year of 121, Julius Caesar led the Roman Army into the country of Gaul. He won a decisive victory over the Celtic tribes that once dominated the area. This area became the first province of the Roman Empire. The Romans would rule the region until the Third Century. Savage Barbarian Forces from the East began invading the area in the Third Century. Uncharacteristically, a group of Franks, Visigoths and Vandals began fighting the Romans for control of the regions of Gaul. Seeing this happening, the people of Gaul began forming alliances with local lords in order to receive protection from the Barbarian invaders. The territory of Gaul eventually fell to the Franks after the Romans retreated. The barbaric people of the Franks were Germanic people from Eastern Europe lead by a man named Clovis. Clovis then became the first Frankish King of the newly Latin named Francia, which is France in the modern day French language.
Dagobert I became the last Merovingian Frankish King. Eventually, he gave way to Charles Martel whom initiated the Carolingian Dynasty. Charles Martel further expanded the Frankish Kingdom to the East. This is something Clovis failed to accomplish. In the year of 732 Charles had trouble stopping a Muslim invasion that came from the south. Charles was succeeded on the thrown by his son Pepin the Short in 751. Lacking knowledge on military and leadership Charles the Great, or Charlemagne as people knew h...
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... local elected representatives elect the members of the Senate. Parliamentary elections consist of an electoral system that involves two rounds. In the first round, candidates obtain election by gaining a majority of votes cast. Round two consists of two or more candidates facing off in a runoff.
Works Cited
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“Hundred Years War”. Hundred Years War History website. April 1, 2014. http://www.history.com/topics/hundred-years-war.
“The French Political System”. A Thematic Guide To France website. April 1, 2014
http://about-france.com/
“French Wars”. A History of French Wars. April 1, 2014
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In the Frankish empire, there were numerous different cultures which inhabited it. A cultural dividing line can be draw down the Rhine River. On the left bank of the Rhine, you had the lands of Christian, Romanised Gaul, while on the right bank of the Rhine resided pagan Germania.* Culturally, linguistically and religiously, these two cultures could not have been more different from each other. In Gaul, the people had become Romanised and Christianised over the centuries by their roman overlords. Gaul was also heavily settled by the Franks, since they were feodrati for Rome. When the Western Roman Empire fell, it was easy for the Franks to move in and assume control over the territory. With the Franks conversion to Christianity in 496 The Franks were able to mix well with the Gallo-Roman land owners and peasants, leading Gaul to slowly transform itself into Francia.* The coronation of Charlemagne further enhanced his authority over his Gallic dominions by linking himself with the old Western Roman Empire.* This allowed him to be seen as a legitimate successor to the emperors of old, instead of a chieftain of a conquering
To summarize the book into a few paragraphs doesn't due it the justice it deserves. The beginning details of the French and Ind...
the French Revolution. Hunt, Lynn & Censer, Jack. University Park, Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University Press (2001)
Cobban, Alfred . "Historians and the Causes of the French Revolution." Aspects of the French Revolution. New York: George Braziller, 1968.
Beginning in mid-1789, and lasting until late-1799, the French Revolution vastly changed the nation of France throughout its ten years. From the storming of the Bastille, the ousting of the royal family, the Reign of Terror, and all the way to the Napoleonic period, France changed vastly during this time. But, for the better part of the last 200 years, the effects that the French Revolution had on the nation, have been vigorously debated by historian and other experts. Aspects of debate have focused around how much change the revolution really caused, and the type of change, as well as whether the changes that it brought about should be looked at as positive or negative. Furthermore, many debate whether the Revolutions excesses and shortcomings can be justified by the gains that the revolution brought throughout the country. Over time, historians’ views on these questions have changed continually, leading many to question the different interpretations and theories behind the Revolutions effectiveness at shaping France and the rest of the world.
The French Revolution happened during the years of 1789 through 1799, and was an era of epic revolutionary politics and social turbulence which had a central repercussion on western, but more specifically, French history. The peasants and bourgeoisie of France under the rule of King Louis XVI had became frustrated with the extravagant spending habits of the French royal court and aristocracy. This frustration had later escalated into the formation of the French First Republic in the year of 1792, and the execution of King Louis XVI a year later in 1793. Ten years later in 1804, Napoleon declared the French First Republic, as the French First Empire, and styled himself as Emperor of France. Napoleon's empire had only existed for ten years and dissolved when Napoleon was defeated in the battle of Waterloo and abdicated his empire. However, Napoleon was a exemplary military campaigner, and accomplished extraordinary tasks. The Dublin Penny Journal argues that through“His extraordinary career through life: he gained Fourty one victories; captured six strong towns that stood sieges; entered twelve capitals, subjugated the continent of Europe, created nine sovereigns, made three retreats, raised one siege, and suffered twentyeight defeats.” ("Dublin Penny Journal" 393-394).Through out Napoleons political conquests and plundering of Europe, Napoleon had several paintings commissioned to portray him on his extraordinary escapades. Therefore the artist Jacques-Louis David had became “first painter” to Napoleon, to help propagandized his image after rescuing David from the prison at the palace of Tuileries. For example, Yale French Studies argues that “From the beginning of his career Napoleon appreciated the importance of imposing his im...
Baker, Charles A. “Review: Two Views of Vichy France, ” The French Review, Vol.51, No. 5, American Association of Teachers of French, (April 1978), pp. 763-764
Charlemagne’s reign as King of the Franks and as Holy Roman Emperor greatly influenced the course of Europe during the middle ages. The history of Charlemagne’s family and how they came to power had a large effect on how Charlemagne came to power. In the year 481 A.D, a warrior named Clovis claimed the title of King of the Franks (Abrams 185). He died in the year 511, and each of his four sons received a portion of his small Frankish empire (Abrams 185). Clovis’s death would later allow a clear passage to ensuring Charlemagne’s fate as future ruler of the Franks.
Ed. John Hardman. French Revolution Documents 1792–95, vol. 2. “Père Duchesne, no. 313”. New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1973.
The French Revolution evokes many different emotions and controversial issues in that some believe it was worth the cost and some don't. There is no doubt that the French Revolution did have major significance in history. Not only did the French gain their independence, but an industrial revolution also took place. One of the main issues of the Revolution was it's human costs. Two writers, the first, Peter Kropotkin who was a Russian prince, and the other Simon Schama, a history professor, both had very opposing views on whether the wars fought by France during the Revolution were worth it's human costs. Krapotkin believed that the French Revolution was the main turning point for not only France but for most other countries as well. On the other hand, Schama viewed the French Revolution as unproductive and excessively violent.
Herbert, Sydney. The Fall of Feudalism in France. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1969. Print.
Madelin, Louis. The French revolution by Louis Madelin. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University Of Michigan Library, 1916. Print.
During the eighteenth century, France was one of the most richest and prosperous countries in Europe, but many of the peasants were not happy with the way France was being ruled. On July 14, 1789, peasants and soldiers stormed the Bastille and initiated the French Revolution. This essay will analyze the main causes of the French Revolution, specifically, the ineffectiveness of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, the dissatisfaction of the Third Estate, and the Enlightenment. It will also be argued that the most significant factor that caused the French Revolution is the ineffective leadership of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette.
Nardo, Don. A. The French Revolution. San Diego, California: Greenhaven Press, Inc., 1999. Print.
Gofen, Ethel and Reymann, Blandine. Cultures of the World: France. New York: Times Media Private Limited, © 2003.