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Microbiology history quizlet
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Alexander Fleming was born in 1881 in Ayrshire, Scotland. From an early age Alexander was constantly outside spending most of his time hunting and fishing with only his hands. By doing this he had sharpened his observation skill, which helped him later on in life. The young Alex grew in intelligence and stature. When he was around twenty years old he intended to become an eye surgeon, but not everyone agreed. One of his friends pestered him and tried to talk him into being a bacteriologist. Ultimately, his friend succeeded and Fleming began to take courses in bacteriology instead. Little did Alexander know that he would be responsible for the discovery that sparked an interest in medical science. Unknown to Fleming, Mr. Wright had been observing him while he studied. Mr. Wright saw the raw talent and how well Alex worked with his hands and insisted that Alex be put on his team of scientists. Alex was too shy to ask to experiment with his own ideas, so he worked nearly twenty years without being able to prove or disapprove any of his theories. Sadly, one day the team was disbande...
Examine the story of David Unaipon. Why was his undoubted ability not used in science?
Ian Lancaster Fleming, author, journalist, naval intelligence officer, you name it he did it. He was most commonly known not for his work as an intelligence officer but for his series of books about James bond also a British spy. Ian had many different jobs before he finally settled on writing. His stories about James bond were a reflection of the way he lived his life and his job as a British naval intelligence officer.
Graeme Milbourne Clark was born August 16th, 1935, in Camden, a town in South-West Sydney. He was educated at the University of Sydney, where he studied medicine. His accomplishment in the invention of the Bionic Ear lead to his fame.
After realizing how intricately placed the night sky was, he introduced the many theories people have accepted as to how our universe was created. “Life originated by accident” was the first theory in which he disproved by quoting scientists and what they believe about this theory. Dr. Edwin Conklin, Professor of Biology at Princeton University, said “The probability of life originating from accident is comparable to the probability of the unabridged dictionary resulting from an explosion in a printing shop” (Donyes np).
Most of these medical advances were a result and were an influence of World War I. Probably one of the most important medical advances was the discovery of penicillin in 1928 by a Scottish, microbiologist named Alexander Fleming, he had actually accidently discovered it, when he noticed that a bacteria culture he had been growing, had stopped, he realized that it had been contaminated by a rare form of mold called Penicillin and that it had killed the bacteria.
The definition of the greatest scientist could be interpreted many ways. One of the many ways it could be seen as is someone with assiduous work habits who has made not just ephemeral contributions to the scientific community, but discoveries that have lasted through time and are still remembered to date. Dedication to one’s work and being diligent is a key part of anyone with such great success, especially scientists who must test and retest their theories. A scientist whose findings are significant enough to be remembered years later should be considered great, and in 1822, an intelligent boy under the name of Louis Pasteur was born in Dole, France. As he aged, he developed into one of the most brilliant scientists in all of history. He died at the age of 72, but not before making several astounding contributions to the scientific world (“Louis Pasteur”). Although some of his research could be considered controversial, Louis Pasteur was the greatest scientist in European history because of his advanced discoveries, the recognition he received for his work, and the way he and his work have affected modern science.
Penicillin is the reason people lived healthy and long lives. Sick, cold, and sore, are feelings people have when they are sick. If people were to become sick and penicillin was not around they would have those feelings for a longer duration. Penicillin was an idea that belonged to a famous scientist by the name of Sir Alexander Fleming. Penicillin was just the slightest of idea in Fleming’s mind after he married his wife who had the profession of a nurse. Fleming made penicillin after conducting test on accidentally infected fungus inhabited plates. He tried washing the fungus of with disinfectant, then he noticed a yellow-green zone around the fungus. He came up with the conclusion that penicillin’s main goal would be to eliminate the outer weak ring
A remarkable breakthrough in medicine occurred in the late 1800s through the work of Louis Pasteur. Pasteur's experiments showed that bacteria reproduce like other living things and travel from place to place. Using the results of his findings, he developed pasteurization, which is the process of heating liquids to kill bacteria and prevent fermentation. He also produced an anthrax vaccine as well as a way to weaken the rabies virus. After studying Pasteur's work, Joseph Lister developed antisepsis, which is the process of killing disease-causing germs. In 1865 before an operation, he cleansed a leg wound first with carbolic acid, and performed the surgery with sterilized (by heat) instruments. The wound healed, and the patient survived. Prior to surgery, the patient would've needed an amputation. However, by incorporating these antiseptic procedures in all of his surgeries, he decreased postoperative deaths. The use of antiseptics eventually helped reduce bacterial infection not only in surgery but also in childbirth and in the treatment of battle wounds. Another man that made discoveries that reinforced those of Pasteur's was Robert Koch. Robert Koch isolated the germ that causes tuberculosis, identified the germ responsible for Asiatic cholera, and developed sanitary measures to prevent disease. (1)
...ing sealed his place in history with the discovery of lysozyme, it was his discover of Penicillin in 1928 that started the revolution of antibiotics and sealed his lasting reputation within the medical world. In 1945, Fleming was recognized for his achievements and he reached the Nobel Prize for Physiology. On March 11, 1955, Fleming died in London, England. (Brown, 2013)
.... Lister had the work of Pasteur and Crooks from which to form his own hypothesis. Ignaz Semmelweis drew his assumption from pure scientific observation and experimentation. Although I do feel that Semmelweis has not received the recognition he deserves, I still believe that all three men, Semmelweis, Pasteur and Lister, were revolutionary scientists whose world-changing discoveries will not soon be forgotten.
William Harvey was a distinguished physician of the seventeenth century. Harvey was educated by some of the great scientists of his time and was highly knowledgeable of the scientist theories preceding his time. Harvey was greatly intrigued by the views of the ancient Aristotle and developed a number of his own ideas based on Aristotle’s theories. It was from Aristotle’s theory of the primacy of blood that allowed Harvey to make breakthroughs about circulation and generation of animals. His advancements greatly enhanced the study of anatomy. Harvey also revolutionized the means by which science was performed through the use of innovative, investigational techniques. William Harvey became a well-known name in science because he made profound accomplishments that changed the way scientists performed and the way people viewed the human body.
At his Nobel Peace Prize speech in 1945, Alexander Fleming warned against the misuse of antibiotics and the fact that by doing this, one allows the bacteria to ‘become educated’ and therefore become resistant to the antibiotic. It is believed that the first cases of antibiotic resistance were shortly after this speech. (Fleming, 1945)
Hans Christian Oersted was born in Rudkobing on August 14, 1777 to Soren Christian Oersted and Karen Hermansen. His father was an apothecary and did not have the time to properly raise Oersted or his brother so they were raised by a German wigmaker. When he turned eleven, he went to work for his father at his pharmacy, where his first interest in science began. Without any prior schooling, except what he learned informally through others, he passed the entrance exam to University of Copenhagen, where he graduated with honors. In 1806, he later became a professor of physics at the same university. Although he was both a Danish philosopher and physicist who made contributions to the scientific community including the isolation of aluminum, he is best known for his discovery that linked electricity and magnetism.
The place he was born at was Penzance in Cornwall. Then at the age of 19 he apprenticed a surgeon and went to Bristol to study science. While there he investigated gases. There he prepared and inhaled nitrous oxide (laughing gas) and in 1800 published the results of his work in 'Researches, Chemical and Philosophical'. Davy delivered his first lecture at the Royal Institution in 1801 and instantly became a popular figure there. His tenure as a lecturer was immensely successful. During his second Bakerian lecture at the Royal Society in 1807, he made public his tremendous achievement – the decomposition by galvanism of the fixed alkalis. He performed a demonstration that these alkalis are simply metallic oxides. These discoveries are said to be the most important contribution made to the “Philosophical Transactions” since Sir Isaac Newton. While there he was a great success, with his lectures soon becoming a draw for fashionable London society. Then he became a follower of the Royal Society in 1803 and was awarded its Copley Medal in 1805.
Of all the scientists to emerge from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries there is one whose name is known by almost all living people. While most of these do not understand this mans work, everyone knows that his impact on the world is astonishing.