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Strengths and benefits of learning styles
Learning styles research paper introduction
Mechanistic theory of motivation
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Motivation – the psychological force that enables action – is considered to be an important factor in the process of achieving any kind of goal. It is an abstract concept that can have a different meaning to each person and can be used in several fields. Johnstone (1999) considers motivation as a stimulant for achieving a specific target. Similarly, Ryan and Deci (2000) claimed that to be motivated means to progress or to be in motion to do something. Motivation is closely related to the field of education, since it is an essential factor in the process of learning (Brewer & Burgess, 2005 in Sepora & Moghaddas, 2012). (Study 6, p.4) Motivation has been widely accepted by both teachers and researchers as one of the key factors that influence …show more content…
The L2 Motivational Self System represents a major reformation of previous motivational thinking by its explicit utilization of psychological theories of the self. The actual model has grown out of the combined effect of two significant theoretical developments, one taking place in the L2 field, the other in mainstream psychology. Indeed, L2 motivation researchers have always believed that a foreign language is more than a mere communication code that can be learnt similarly to other academic subjects, and have therefore typically adopted paradigms that linked the L2 to the individual’s personal core, forming an important part of one’s identity. Thus, proposing a system that explicitly focuses on aspects of the individual’s self is compatible with the whole-person perspective of past theories (Dörnyei, 2009). (Study 8, p. 1) The L2 motivational self system is based on the idea that learners’ drive to reduce the perceived discrepancy between one’s here-and-now (actual) self and their future L2 selves provides the necessary motivation for language learning behaviors (Mostafa & Papi, 2014). (Study 11, p. 4) This model of motivation contains two self-related components: Ideal L2 self and Ought-to L2 self. In this model, Ideal L2 self is one’s ideal self-image expressing the wish to become a competent L2 speaker. The Ought-to L2 self contains ‘attributes that one believes one ought to possess (i.e. various duties, obligations, or responsibilities) in order to avoid possible negative outcomes’ associated with not being able to speak the L2 in question (Kormos, Kiddle & Czice, 2011). (Study 3, p 3)This study is the most updated one regarding the field of motivation and it’s widely used nowadays; although, you can’t forget all previous
In the above cited article (Norton, 1997) we can find the case of Mai, an interview which is particularly revealing in terms of motivation. Mai is an immigrant girl living in English speaking country. She explained that after attended to a 6 months-ESL intensive course, after achieving successfully some expected goals, she continued with an ordinary course. Mai had to do a big effort after working long hours to attend to this course. So, it could be said that her motivation was considerably high. However, she expressed an enormous frustration because despite all the sacrifices she was meant to do, she ended up learning “nothing at all”. Her reflection, as the reflection of many L2 students,
Individuals can unravel effective study strategies by discovering what their learning style is and by embracing inspirational motivation skill. Motivational skills can trigger cognitive reasoning, and allow the mind to learn and become successful. As a group, we chose motivation and efficient study strategies, because these topics parallel with each other, illustrating the need for both to be victorious in academic goals. Negative motivators can prevent learning in one’s life. Motivation comes in all forms creating stimulation in the mind and body to complete a task. Motivation helps us to identify reasons for learning, helps to create productive organization skills, creates the desire for time-management dynamics, and generates positive support systems. Additionally, goal-setting abilities, monitoring emotions, feelings, thoughts, and behaviors in the process are all part of the motivation and study strategy process.
Have you ever wanted to learn a foreign language or learn to play an instrument? What was your inspiration to accomplish this new task? While we are all inspired to learn different things throughout our lifetime, not all students are driven to learn for the same reason. Over many decades extensive research has been conducted upon the field of educational psychology. Through this research, psychologists have identified two basic classifications of motivation; intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation.
Starting on motivation I want to define what is it. Motivation is a type of energy, which helps you to do tasks. It is a phenomenon which is hard to control. As Daniel Pink (2009) stated there three are types of drives which are like our operating systems, “The first was the biological drive. Humans and other animals ate to sate their hunger, drank to quench their thirst, and copulated to satisfy their carnal urges.’’(p.3). This first drive is not responsible for tasks like walking someone’s dog or conducting a survey. For that kind of tasks people have the second drive about which Daniel Pink (2009) added that extrinsic motivators make you to do tasks, “If you promised to raise our pay, we’d work harder. If you held out the prospect of getting A on the test, we’d study longer.’’(p.3). This type X motivation is working when you are going to get some rewards after finishing your work. But there is one more drive the third drive which is much harder to understand. It is about intrinsic motivation. For example, when you are reading a book not for classes, but just for you, your motivation on reading it is intrinsic it is the third drive which makes to read it. Because you are not reading it for getting high mark from your teacher, you read that because it is interesting for you,...
We have seen many of the ways in which motivation can be built and sustained. People get motivated based on the need stage they are in based on Maslow’s hierarchy in rising order- physiological, safety, social, esteem and self actualization. People are motivated to achieve their goals be it personal or work related in their business or organizations that they are employed. As in every sphere of life, challenges exist in the motivation area too. Due to these challenges, people get de-motivated from pursuing their goals. But there are many ways how one can overcome these challenges. The below list will help us look from the challenge perspective and help to identify and remove obstacles in our path.
Motivation to learn- The motivation is possibly for self-esteem, recognition or the possibility of a better quality of life.
Bartol and Martin (1998) desribe motivation as a power that strenghtens behavior, gives route to behavior, and triggers the tendency to continue (Farhad et al, 2011). This
Motivation is defined as the process that initiates, guides and maintains goal-oriented behaviours. Motivation is what causes us to act, whether it is getting a glass of water to reduce thirst or reading a book to gain knowledge. Goal Setting is where we set specific targets aims that we wish to achieve, they need to be S.M.A.R.T or else they become dreams rather than believable goals. .
Educators have one of the most challenging professions in the world. They are called upon to teach and engage students on a daily basis to not just learn but to understand several different concepts. In a classroom of twenty plus students, there might be a small handful of students that are actually motivated to learning. The bulk of the students show signs of motivation throughout the day, and then another small group proves to be a struggle to even motivate them to write their name and student number on the top of their paper. According to Ormrod (2016), motivation is an internal
Motivation plays a crucial role in willingness of students to obtain knowledge and capabilities to use L2 for variety of purposes. Moiinvaziri M. (2009) argued that English language learners were motivated instrumentally as well as integrativelly. This claim was in conflict with the researchers who claimed that only instrumental motivation is important in SLA. He concluded that in English Language learning both instrumental & integrative motivation are important. Then, Al-Hazemi H. (2000) argued that desire to learn English language should arise from within the learner. In an ideal situation, learners should have very high desire to learn foreign language. According to him, the strong desire for L2 learning contributes to a high degree of competence and success in language learning. Dornyei (1994) stated that the nature of social and pragmatic dimensions of target language depends on who, what and where i.e. who learns the language, what language and
The layman’s view of motivation is defined has the action whereby one is given a reason or purpose to complete an objective with more zeal. This in itself is not something new, but rather a method that has been applied for an immeasurable number years, possibly before it was even defined, classified
Student motivation can be affected by several factors. These elements include parent involvement, teacher enthusiasm, rewards, peers, the learner’s environment, personal experiences, personal interests of the student, and self-esteem and self-image.
To a certain extent it can be said that without a sense of motivation, whether it be intrinsic or extrinsic, a child’s ability to learn and reach their potential is greatly lessened. Motivation is best described as an internal state that not only arouses and directs behaviour but also helps to maintain it (Woolfolk & Margetts, 2013). Motivation not only plays a large role in a child’s learning ability, it also shapes a student’s interests and enjoyment of school and study (Martin, 2003). For both pre-service teachers and expert teachers it is easy to see that if a student possesses high motivation to learn, their behaviour towards their school work is more positive and in turn leads to higher academic success, whereas a student with little to no motivation will exhibit negative behavi...
Motivation is really important tool in a learning environment. Also motivation effects student learning and their behavior as well. It directs behavior towards particular targets. Also it effect the decision which students takes. In motivation mainly we have two types which is intrinsically and extrinsically being motivated. For example: when a student is intrinsically motivated they just do it for themselves not because of the reward that they will get back. It’s just because they have their own interest and they enjoy doing that. On the other side, when a student is extrinsically motivated they just do it for the reward that they will get. That’s why in learning process it’s important that each student should
Motivation is defined as “the reason or reasons one has for acting or behaving in a particular way”, or “the general desire or willingness of someone to do something.” Children are motivated by many things at an early age. It is easy to see that parents and peers play key parts in motivating children in their pursuit of education.