Cheyenne Shores
P. 3
Feline Cancer
In cats there are many different types of diseases that can harm them greatly. One of the scariest, and comon, in humans and our animal counter parts, is cancer. Cancer can be painful, terrifying, and and too many cases, deadly.
Most Common Types
Though cats are less likely to get cancer than dogs, there are many different types of cancers that a cat can contract. Some of the most comon are Lymphoma, Skin Cancer, Gingiva Oral squamous Carinomas or mouth cancer, and Osterocacroma. Lymphoma is a type of cancer that starts in the Lymphocyte Cells, a type of whote blood cell. Lymphocyte Cells play an important part in the immuine system. Lymphoma is found to be responsible for around 90% of blood cancers and about 33% of all tumors in cats. Its also the most common cause of hypercalcemia in cats. (Science Weekly, 2012) Skin cancer in cats often appears like a white plaque or a raised bump on the skin. The bump will often ulcerate with occasional bleeding. These type of carcinomas are usually malignant, early detection and treatment is best. These cancerous cells can easly spread just like any other cancer to other organs. Skin cancers are more likely in cats that live in high altitudes or cats with light, esspecially white, coats. (Crain, D, 2005) Gingiva Oral squamous Carinomas, or mouth cancer, is particularly deadly, moving quickly though the body, with usual fatal results. These tumors grow very rapidly and usually invade to nearby bone and tissue. These carcinomas are usually seen in oldercats. (PetMD, 1999- 2014) Osteosacroma is the most common milignant bone tumor in veterinary practice. This cancer is especially painful, the most comon places for these tumors are the humerus, femur, and ti...
... middle of paper ...
...ps one day it will be found and a vacine and cure could be developed.
Diagnosing
Diagnosing these cancers is very tricky because they tend to have a lot of the same symptoms, not only to themselves but also to other diseases. Lymphoma is usually misdiagnosed as IBS and as a conciquece of such with the treatment for IBS usually causes the cancer to further spread and develop it's self. (Science Weekly, 2012) Just like in human cancers when finding a lump under the skin on any part of the body it is important to go the the vet and get them checked out. The most comon way of diagnosing cancers is by a biopsy, which is taking a part of flesh from the suspected affected area and testing it for any cancerous cells. Most cancers are misdiagnosed or go undiagnosed completely because their symptoms often resemble other diseases which are easier treated, and more common.
If a lymph node is still enlarged then a lymph node biopsy is the only way to find out for sure, a sample of the lymph node is looked at under a microscope this procedure can be done at a day surgery unit and a patient can usually return home that same day. A CT scan can also be used to take a picture of the whole body to see all of the nodes that are affected and it can tell doctors on the best course of treatment for each individual patient. Once diagnosis of lymphoma it is also important to find out if the cancer has spread to the bone marrow so further test will be done and it has become best practice that a CT scan and a PET scan should be carried out at the start and half way thought treatment to see how the cancer has been affected and if treatment needs to be stepped up or back depending
The presentation of squamous cell carcinoma varies according to stages of the cancer, types of lesions, and the underlying causes of neoplasm. Felines presented with squamous cell carcinoma would typically have lesions, erosions, crusting of epithelial cells, ulcerations and sometimes necrosis in serious conditions. At early stages, the cat would develop hyperplastic lesions and inflammation around the affected area. It will look erythematous and slightly crusty or scaly. As time passes, the signs become worse where the lesions become proliferative which exhibits a look of cauliflower- like masses. They are often ulcerated and have crusted lesions. Unfortunately, it bleeds easily when it is traumatized. The favored area of the neoplasms are usually at nose, eyelids, and pinnae where there are lack of pigmentation.
...of thousands of human beings. Medical science for four and one-half years devoted itself to putting men on the firing line and keeping them there. Now it must turn with its whole might to combating the greatest enemy of all-infectious disease,” (2).
By searching for the causative agent of infectious disease the focus can then be shifted into discovering preventative and treatment of the disease. Examples of this process are the outbreak of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). As published by McEwen & Wills (2011), BSE was identified as a protein transmitted through the ingestion of contaminated meat. Prevention and interventions were created as a result of the discovery of the protein. Comparably, AIDS, was first identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in September of 1982, however, months passed before the causative agent was deemed a retrovirus later to be determined the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Even before the virus was isolated methods of transmission was recognized and interventions were acknowledged (McEwen & Wills, 2011).
healthy proteins into the infectious state. There is no cure and the disease is fatal but to this year, there
Cancer is the term used to describe a group of diseases consisting of hundreds of ailments and although there exists so many different types of cancer, they all begin in a similar way. The body is made up of over a trillion cells, and cancer is the uncontrolled growth of malfunctioning cells in the body (Dawson, 1996). “Normal body cells grow, divide, and die in an orderly fashion. During the early years of a person’s life, normal cells divide faster to allow the person to grow. After the person becomes an adult, most cells divide only to replace worn-out or dying cells or to repair injuries” (American Cancer Society, 2012).
Feline Leukemia Virus is caused by C-type RNA viruses (Padman S. Sarma & Robert J. Huebner, et al). It is what is known as a retrovirus, and it occurs in all species of cats. All retroviruses produce an enzyme that allows them to inject their genetic material into healthy cells, causing the once-healthy cell to become infected and take on properties of the virus (Feline Leukemia Virus). The name comes from the original attempt to understand the virus, and it was believed to be similar to leukemia in humans. By the time the actual cause of the virus was discovered the misnomer of “leukemia” had already become commonly used, and leukemia was then used as part of the virus’ official name. While the virus produces leukemia-like symptoms, it can also lead to cases of lymphoma (Raoul E. Benveniste & Charles J. Sherr, et al).
With the current steps to prevent a BSE outbreak and control the spread of such a fatal disease, only case has been reported in the United States, which did not have an affect on the food supply or cause a human to receive the vCJD. These current steps with the continued research will eradicate Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
Medical science has undergone a great revolution, it is getting better and more advanced than it was some decades back. In spite of such breakthrough advancement there are several diseases that don’t have a cure yet. A very hefty amount is being spent every day
Few people are able to clear the virus from their blood, which is necessary, to be
Cancer has become the one of the most feared things for human beings. The various type of cancer have been discovered and there are still a lot of it that undiscoverable. Cancer is a complex disease that have a group of disease. The cancer itself cannot be describe by words. The causes of this cancer is still not being able to be discovered fully. There are only minor factor that can lead to this disease. The carcinogens are believed to be one of the causes that lead to cancer such as asbestos, radon gas, tobacco, PVC and much more from our chemical industries. The environment especially near to the industrial that produce chemical waste can be one of the causes lead to cancer. Cancer also have relation with our age, lifestyle, and diet and also can be genetically inherited. It is believed that older people have higher tendency to get cancer than younger people. Our lifestyle and diet also plays a role causing a cancer by our daily life routine. Smoking tobacco and eating unconsciously (still in research) can also increase the possibility to get cancer especially lung cancer that cause by smoking tobacco. There are several cases, cancer were inherited from their parents. Various type of viruses such as HIV, HPV, EBV and many more virus has a high capabilities to increase the chance a patient to get a cancer because these viruses lower their body immunity to disease.
Usually, normal cells die when they are old or damaged, newly grow cells will replace them. However, if something goes wrong, there may be too many new cells when the body only needs a few of them, and the body can’t get rid of old cells, it builds up a mass of tissue called tumor. There are two types of tumor, begin or malignant. Begin tumors are usually not harmful to human body, however, malignant tumors could be life threatening. This type of tumors will invade organs and tissues around them, travel through blood vessels or lymph vessels, attach to other tissues and destroy them. Malignant tumors arise in breast tissues and cause breast cancer.
Over 95% of colorectal cancers are ad enocarcinomas. These are cancers of the glandular cells that line the inside of the colon and rectum. Other, less common type of tumors may also develop in the colon and rectum. Carcinoid tumors develop from hormone-producing cells of the intestine. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors develop in the connective tissue and muscle layers in the wall of the colon and rectum. Lymphomas are cancers of immune system cells that typically develop in lymph nodes but may also start in the colon and rectum or other organs.
Cancer develops when cells in a part of the body begin to grow out of
The symptoms were blisters of the skins with puss and bleeding with high fever. The government was very aware and thought they had a vaccine but the micro-organism morphed into another pathogen that was airborn and the previous vaccine was no